* add notice to include registry change and immutable images notice
* try to fix tests
* Refactor goreleaser script to conditionally skip Docker tags based on release status
* remove if
* unify release process along with others OSS projects
* remove docker loging
* override polaris image repository for tests
* fix polaris
* adding snapshot back
* store snapshot version into circleci workspace and load with kind on k8s cluster
* add test back
* add test back
* fix polaris config
* Fix: rolebindingRolePodExecAttach check
Fix the case of a RoleBinding that points to a ClusterRole.
In that case, we ignore the RoleBinding since it will be evaluated by the rolebindingClusterRolePodExecAttach check.
* add tests for role-binding that uses a cluster-role binding
---------
Co-authored-by: Vitor Vezani <vitor.vezani@fairwinds.com>
* Bumped to to 1.24 to fix vulnerability
* Bumped to to 1.22.7 to fix vulnerability
* Bumped to to 1.22.7 to fix vulnerability
* Bumped to to 1.22.7 to fix vulnerability
* Fixing issues
* Fixing issues
* Fixing issues
* Fixing issues
* Fixing issues
* Fixing issues
* Fixing issues
* Add local path replacement for Polaris module
* expose fix.Execute
* Remove local module replacement in go.mod
* Fix error handling and return error instead of exiting the program
* add quiet flag to polaris audit CLI command to suppress 'upload to Insights' prompt
* add docs for polaris audit --quiet option
* add additional detail about polaris audit --quiet flag
* update
* update go mod
* tidy
* revert go mod
* fix port
* move pod test case
* downgrade controller-runtime
* revert updates
* fix nil pointer
* add logs
* fix var
* remove test requirement
* fix decoder
* fix mutate
* fix test case
* fix logs
* fmt
* fix owned pods in mutate
* fix test
* add logs
* add mutations to tests
* convert to json for patch
* fix up tests
* remove nil check
* fix logs
* add logs
* add env vars to webhook tests
* add login flow
* add logout functionality
* improve code
* implement token and status print
* implement status command
* add user to login
* improve server port management
* improve login flow
* fix login flow
* make insights URL for login configurable
* remove comments
* fix logrus directive usage
* add upload-insights command
* remove unnecessary usage of pointer
* error when using upload-insights and audit-path simultaneously
* upload-insights support
* set priority to reports
* adds report verification
* fix logging to meet expected results
* renaming variable name
* improve results printing
* improve variable naming
* remove TODO
* Update checks severities (#950)
* change all ignore checks to warning
* promoting checks initially warning that should be danger.
* fixing docs and examples
* adds changelog
* fix changelog version
* improve general error message
* update workloads to be able grab its version
* print URL on stdout on browser error
* use os.WriteFile instead of low-level API
* renaming fn params
* add insights client
* validating token on auth status
* minor fix
* only query for re-auth if token is still valid
* update some dependencies in go and CI (#951)
* update some dependencies
* update testing requirements
* Fix cert-manager
* lots of deprecated versions
* attempts
* review suggestions
* avoid nil pointer
* fix fixtures
* fix test
---------
Co-authored-by: Robert Brennan <contact@rbren.io>
* update changelog
---------
Co-authored-by: Andrew Suderman <andy@fairwinds.com>
Co-authored-by: Robert Brennan <contact@rbren.io>
* change all ignore checks to warning
* promoting checks initially warning that should be danger.
* fixing docs and examples
* adds changelog
* fix changelog version
* Update docs with new checks; make sure both config-full has all config.yml checks
* Update doc on mutating webhooks
---------
Co-authored-by: Robert Brennan <accounts@rbren.io>
* Add persistentpostrun to root cmd and postrun to version cmd
* Change PLG link
* Add PLG link to dashboard
* <strong> the link
Co-authored-by: Andrew Suderman <andy@suderman.dev>
The io/ioutil package has been deprecated as of Go 1.16 [1]. This commit
replaces the existing io/ioutil functions with their new definitions in
io and os packages.
[1]: https://golang.org/doc/go1.16#ioutil
Signed-off-by: Eng Zer Jun <engzerjun@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Andrew Suderman <andrew@sudermanjr.com>
* Enable these checks in the default configuration file, which may produce many new results:
* automountServiceAccountToken
* linuxHardening
* sensitiveConfigmapContent and sensitiveContainerEnvVar
* clusterrolebindingClusterAdmin, rolebindingClusterAdminClusterRole, and rolebindingClusterAdminRole
* clusterrolePodExecAttach, rolePodExecAttach, clusterrolebindingPodExecAttach, rolebindingClusterRolePodExecAttach, and rolebindingRolePodExecAttach
* Ignore the `missingNetworkPolicy` and `automountServiceAccountToken` checks by default
* `hasPrefix` and `hasSuffix` functions are now available in the go template
* Fix the `sensitiveContainerEnvVar` check to ignore sensitive environment
variable names when those variables use `valueFrom` to reference an
external resource.
* Add the `*ClusterAdmin` checks to `examples/config-full.yaml`.
* Exempt the prefix `system:` instead of individual entries for RBAC checks (#871)
* Add debug logging for JSON Schema validation and Go templating
* Fix `--help` to display the full Polaris usage
* add valid log possible levels to `--log-level` flag help
* Use goreleaser to build and push docker images
* Update CircleCI config to install goreleaser dependencies
* Update goreleaser.sh to create a temporary tag when CIRCLE_TAG is not set
* Update Dockerfile for goreleaser
* Update goreleaser.sh to trap errors and cleanup temporary git branch, for local runs
* Update goreleaser.sh to envsubst specific variables, to not break the `sign` section using signature and artifact variables
* Fix goreleaser.sh logic to only release when CIRCLE_TAG is set
* add debug info
* remove extra build step
* try and fix memory usage
* fix pointers
* add more debug logs
* fix up caching for replicasets
* fix import
* replace info with debug
* add logs
* dont cache jobs
* gofmt
* fix import
* added fix command implementation
* use node api
* fix tests
* added hostport mutate rule
* update mutating server
* fix array reference and add back leading slash
* added test and refactor findNodes
* more tests
* added more test and fix issue with arrays
* rename findNode function and ensure we capture exceptions
* rename findNode function
* append array value at the end and for single item remove brackets
* append array value at the end and for single item remove brackets
* create array if it does not exists
* fix tests
* handle some exceptions
* fix tests
* fix string format
* guard for PodResult
* fix flag name
* fix privilegeEscalation check
* fix up mutations for local files
* fix pod parsing
* fix object values
* remove logspam
* fix import
* update some comments for health probes
* add an option to not apply any mutations\, and just adjust yaml formatting
* add preliminary support for helm
* logspam
* change up comment strategy
* fix object comments
* format
* fix tests
* add comments
* fix key updates
* fix mutation tests
* tidy
* refactor test
* add test
* add test
* add test for object comments
Co-authored-by: Robert Brennan <accounts@rbren.io>
Co-authored-by: Robert Brennan <contact@rbren.io>
* make cert dir option
* log message for multi-resource checks in admission
* Update pkg/validator/schema.go
Co-authored-by: Andrew Suderman <andrew@sudermanjr.com>
* Update README.md
Updates to the header and opening paragraphs.
* Update README.md
* Update README.md
Co-authored-by: Andrew Suderman <andrew@sudermanjr.com>
Co-authored-by: Robert Brennan <accounts@rbren.io>
* Pretty output: remove 2 leading line breaks and 1 trailing after container results
Signed-off-by: Igor Beliakov <demtis.register@gmail.com>
* validator: don't add empty results in ApplyAllSchemaChecksToAllResources
Signed-off-by: Igor Beliakov <demtis.register@gmail.com>
* Fix MockPod() fixture:
- Since now result is considered non-empty only if Kind and Name are set, needed to adjust MockPod() to make it contain Name.
Signed-off-by: Igor Beliakov <demtis.register@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Robert Brennan <accounts@rbren.io>
* Add `rolePodExecAttach` and `clusterrolePodExecAttach` checks
* Add schema tests
* Add clusterrolebindingPodExecAttach, rolebindingRolePodExecAttach, and rolebindingClusterRolePodExecAttach checks + schema-tests
* Add the new checks to the full example config
* Update checks' success/failure messages and add some helpful comments
* Update binding-related check messaging RE: roleRef pointing to a nonexistent resource, and add tests for this case
* Update rolebindingClusterRolePodExecAttach and rolebindingRolePodExecAttach to pass if a binding roleRef is a different kind, and schema tests to include a namespace
* Add additional schema tests, remove "ignore default ClusterRole|Role bindings" code from checks that actually have no default bindings
* Update docs to reflect `target: PodTemplate` and the template being available via the `Polaris.PodTemplate` variable RE: PR #801
* Fix typo
Co-authored-by: Robert Brennan <accounts@rbren.io>
Co-authored-by: Robert Brennan <accounts@rbren.io>
* Add `target PodTemplate` which exposes the full Pod (not only the spec)
* Fix PotTemplate in conjunction with how pod-schema-checks are handled
* Add test for GO template `Polaris` sub-keys, help `NewGenericResourceFromPod` to set `PodTemplate` in more cases
* Clarify PldTemplate logic for `IsActionable()`
* Add a template `Polaris` variable, expose `Polaris.PodSpec` for checks of `target: PodSpec`.
Polaris checks that are `target: PodSpec` have reflected the original
resource (such as a pod-controller) in the Go template, instead of
reflecting the pod `spec` field. This update makes the PodSpec available
in a new template variable `Polaris.PodSpec`.
* fix issue when the files-path is actual path
* remove check for file extension
* do not panic when sub command is not there
* remove panic and fail graciously
* added fix command
* update fix command to walk through the folder to find all files
* added ability to add comment
* fix comment prefix
* trim whitespaces to the line
* refactor update mutated file
* remove filepath as is not needed anymore
* remove filepath as is not needed anymore
* remove timestamp and status if creation is null
* added comments and fix tests
* remove hardcoded mutation in config
* revert comment deletion
* separate mutated to success files
* read multiple resources in a file and update both
* Remove mutation in config.yaml
* added more mutations and refactor test to test each mutation separately
* added more mutation definitions
* update spec for controller
* added mutations for cpu and memory request and limits
* update request memory mutation
* added liveness and probes
* rmeove hostport mutation
* added multiple mutations for request and limits memory
Co-authored-by: Robert Brennan <accounts@rbren.io>
* added mutation field in checks and config
* added test
* fix tests
* revert resolve export
* remove Patched resources as moving that to separate functionality apart from validation
* go mod tidy
* move mutation to the container level
* change prefix based on the resource kind
* collect all mutations from results and apply
* added test for cronjob and deployment apart from just pod
* test cronjob prefix
* return a copy of mutation
* fix tests and comments
* address feedback comments
* fix warning formating
* refactor getJSONSchemaPrefix function
This change follows up #635 and lets end-users decide to disallow exemption rules defined as part of the config file or the controller annotations (whether none, any or both). The main use case here is to be able to prevent users with edit privileges over a controller to add a new exemption rule through an annotation which may obfuscate the actual policies we want to enforce.
Signed-off-by: Maxime VISONNEAU <maxime.visonneau@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Robert Brennan <accounts@rbren.io>
* update runAsPrivileged to test at pod level
* update runAsPrivileged to test at pod level
* add pod level success/failure tests
* add insuecure capabilities pod level testing
* update checks to include good/bad security
* update checks for good/bad security
* remove good security from runAsPrivileged
* update notReadOnlyRootFilesystem check
* remove run as user
* add pod level testing to notreadonlyrootFileSystem and update schema_test.go file
Co-authored-by: Robert Brennan <accounts@rbren.io>
* refactor test structure
* update syntax to include template/spec layout
* update syntax to include template/spec layout
Co-authored-by: Robert Brennan <accounts@rbren.io>
* add failure.all.yaml for dangerouscapabilities test
* change to [ALL] failing test
* add failure.all.yaml for dangerouscapabilities test
* change to [ALL] failing test
* fix dangerous caps test
Co-authored-by: Robert Brennan <contact@rbren.io>
* able to run multi-resource tests
* start passing resource provider through
* working end-to-end
* better support for go templating
* fix tests
* delint
* add test
* add json annotations
* remove panics
* fix annotation
* fix for groupkinds
* add comment
* add docs
* change jsonSchema field to schemaString
* rename check
* add pdb to tests
* add ingress to tests
* update deps
* fix up policy import
* update go
* fix check name
* funk it up
* better docs
* Unmarshal OriginalObjectJSON into ObjectMeta
* Unmarshal to unst before converting too v1 Object
* Add passing annotated deployment webhook test case
* fix meta accessor
* fix tests
* remove logs
* fix tests
Co-authored-by: Robert Brennan <contact@rbren.io>
* make it easy to run webhook tests locally
* modify tests so they run locally
* follow the logs
* add instructions
* make it easy to run webhook tests locally
* modify tests so they run locally
* follow the logs
* add instructions
* use universal date command
* fix sed command for portability
* fix date command
* make entire image configurable
* fix instructions
* Add Github Action from https://github.com/mambax/setup-polaris
* Add tag information to action
* repository name must be lowercase
* repository name must be lowercase
* repository name must be lowercase
* Own image
* Debug
* Make the file local
* Move into actions folder
* Rename action
* Remove path slash
* Rename Dockerfile
* Change path
* Move script
* Remove dot
* Test
* - Change to gh/download setup script
- Move docs into Infra as Code page
* Add small comment about Dockerfile
* Rm unwanted line break
* Improve action yaml
* Update test_setup.yml
* Update test_setup.yml
* Update test_setup.yml
* Pavel fixed all bugs
Co-authored-by: dom <dominik.meyer01@sap.com>
Co-authored-by: Pavel Zorin <pazonec@yandex.ru>
* move docs files
* update docs from template
* another update
* add insights callouts
* add ingress check to the docs
* remove old prefixes on check names
about: Let us know about an unexpected error, a crash, or an incorrect behavior.
---
### Installation Process
<!---
Did you install polaris on your local machine, or in a kubernetes cluster? Did you use kubectl, helm, brew, a GitHub release, or the source code? Let us know below.
-->
### Polaris Version
<!---
If you are using polaris locally, run `polaris --version` to show the version, and paste the result between the ``` marks below.
If you are not running the latest version of Polaris, please try upgrading because your issue may have already been fixed.
-->
```
...
```
### Expected Behavior
<!--
What should have happened?
-->
### Actual Behavior
<!--
What actually happened?
-->
### Steps to Reproduce
<!--
Please list the full steps required to reproduce the issue, for example:
1. `polaris --audit --output-format score`
-->
### Additional Context
<!--
Are there anything atypical about your situation that we should know?
-->
### References
<!--
Are there any other GitHub issues (open or closed) or Pull Requests that should be linked here? For example:
Fairwinds' Polaris keeps your clusters sailing smoothly. It runs a variety of checks to ensure that
Kubernetes pods and controllers are configured using best practices, helping you avoid
problems in the future. Polaris can be run in a few different modes:
Polaris is an open source policy engine for Kubernetes that validates and remediates resource configuration. It includes 30+ built in configuration policies, as well as the ability to build custom policies with JSON Schema. When run on the command line or as a mutating webhook, Polaris can automatically remediate issues based on policy criteria.
Polaris can be run in three different modes:
* As a [dashboard](https://polaris.docs.fairwinds.com/dashboard), so you can audit what's running inside your cluster.
* As an [admission controller](https://polaris.docs.fairwinds.com/admission-controller), so you can automatically reject workloads that don't adhere to your organization's policies.
* As a [command-line tool](https://polaris.docs.fairwinds.com/infrastructure-as-code), so you can test local YAML files, e.g. as part of a CI/CD process.
**Want to learn more?** Reach out on [the Slack channel](https://fairwindscommunity.slack.com/messages/polaris) ([request invite](https://join.slack.com/t/fairwindscommunity/shared_invite/zt-e3c6vj4l-3lIH6dvKqzWII5fSSFDi1g)), send an email to `opensource@fairwinds.com`, or join us for [office hours on Zoom](https://fairwindscommunity.slack.com/messages/office-hours)
* As a [dashboard](https://polaris.docs.fairwinds.com/dashboard) - Validate Kubernetes resources against policy-as-code.
* As an [admission controller](https://polaris.docs.fairwinds.com/admission-controller) - Automatically reject or modify workloads that don't adhere to your organization's policies.
* As a [command-line tool](https://polaris.docs.fairwinds.com/infrastructure-as-code) - Incorporate policy-as-code into the CI/CD process to test local YAML files.
is a platform for auditing Kubernetes clusters and enforcing policy. If you'd like to:
* manage Polaris across a fleet of clusters
* track findings over time
* send results to services like Slack and Datadog
* add additional checks from tools like
[Trivy](https://github.com/aquasecurity/trivy),
[Goldilocks](https://github.com/FairwindsOps/goldilocks/), and
[OPA](https://www.openpolicyagent.org)
## Notice: Registry Migration and Immutable Images (v10.1.8 → v10.2.0)
you can sign up for a [free account here](https://insights.fairwinds.com?source=polaris).
Starting with **v10.2.0**:
## Contributing
PRs welcome! Check out the [Contributing Guidelines](https://polaris.docs.fairwinds.com/contributing) and [Code of Conduct](https://polaris.docs.fairwinds.com/code-of-conduct) for more information.
- Images moved to `us-docker.pkg.dev/fairwinds-ops/oss/polaris`
-`quay.io/fairwinds/polaris` is deprecated
## Further Information
A history of changes to this project can be viewed in the [Changelog](https://polaris.docs.fairwinds.com/changelog)
### Required action
If you'd like to learn more about Polaris, or if you'd like to speak with
a Kubernetes expert, you can contact `info@fairwinds.com` or [visit our website](https://fairwinds.com)
The goal of the Fairwinds Community is to exchange ideas, influence the open source roadmap,
and network with fellow Kubernetes users.
[Chat with us on Slack](https://join.slack.com/t/fairwindscommunity/shared_invite/zt-2na8gtwb4-DGQ4qgmQbczQyB2NlFlYQQ)
## Other Projects from Fairwinds
Enjoying Polaris? Check out some of our other projects:
* [Goldilocks](https://github.com/FairwindsOps/Goldilocks) - Right-size your Kubernetes Deployments by compare your memory and CPU settings against actual usage
* [Pluto](https://github.com/FairwindsOps/Pluto) - Detect Kubernetes resources that have been deprecated or removed in future versions
* [Nova](https://github.com/FairwindsOps/Nova) - Check to see if any of your Helm charts have updates available
* [rbac-manager](https://github.com/FairwindsOps/rbac-manager) - Simplify the management of RBAC in your Kubernetes clusters
Or [check out the full list](https://www.fairwinds.com/open-source-software?utm_source=polaris&utm_medium=polaris&utm_campaign=polaris)
## Fairwinds Insights
If you're interested in running Polaris in multiple clusters,
tracking the results over time, integrating with Slack, Datadog, and Jira,
auditCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&auditPath,"audit-path","","If specified, audits one or more YAML files instead of a cluster.")
auditCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&setExitCode,"set-exit-code-on-danger",false,"Set an exit code of 3 when the audit contains danger-level issues.")
auditCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&onlyShowFailedTests,"only-show-failed-tests",false,"If specified, audit output will only show failed tests.")
auditCmd.PersistentFlags().IntVar(&minScore,"set-exit-code-below-score",0,"Set an exit code of 4 when the score is below this threshold (1-100).")
auditCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&auditOutputURL,"output-url","","Destination URL to send audit results.")
auditCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&auditOutputFile,"output-file","","Destination file for audit results.")
auditCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&auditOutputFormat,"format","f","json","Output format for results - json, yaml, or score.")
auditCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&auditOutputFormat,"format","f","json","Output format for results - json, yaml, pretty, or score.")
auditCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&useColor,"color",true,"Whether to use color in pretty format.")
auditCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&displayName,"display-name","","An optional identifier for the audit.")
auditCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&resourceToAudit,"resource","","Audit a specific resource, in the format namespace/kind/version/name, e.g. nginx-ingress/Deployment.apps/v1/default-backend.")
auditCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&helmChart,"helm-chart","","Will fill out Helm template")
auditCmd.PersistentFlags().StringSliceVar(&helmValues,"helm-values",[]string{},"Optional flag to add helm values")
auditCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&helmSkipTests,"helm-skip-tests",false,"Corresponds to --skip-tests of helm template")
auditCmd.PersistentFlags().StringSliceVar(&checks,"checks",[]string{},"Optional flag to specify specific checks to check")
auditCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&auditNamespace,"namespace","","Namespace to audit. Only applies to in-cluster audits")
auditCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&severityLevel,"severity","","Severity level used to filter results. Behaves like log levels. 'danger' is the least verbose (warning, danger)")
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
packagecmd
import(
"context"
"errors"
"os"
"github.com/fairwindsops/polaris/pkg/fix"
"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
"github.com/spf13/cobra"
)
var(
filesPathstring
checksToFix[]string
isTemplatebool
)
funcinit(){
rootCmd.AddCommand(fixCommand)
fixCommand.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&filesPath,"files-path","","mutate and fix one or more YAML files in a specified folder")
fixCommand.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&isTemplate,"template",false,"set to true when modifyng a YAML template, like a Helm chart (experimental)")
fixCommand.PersistentFlags().StringSliceVar(&checksToFix,"checks",[]string{},"Optional flag to specify specific checks to fix eg. checks=hostIPCSet,hostPIDSet and checks=all applies fix to all defined checks mutations")
rootCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVarP(&mergeConfig,"merge-config","m",false,"If true, custom configuration will be merged with default configuration instead of replacing it.")
rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&configPath,"config","c","","Location of Polaris configuration file.")
rootCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVarP(&disallowExemptions,"disallow-exemptions","",false,"Disallow any exemptions from configuration file.")
rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&kubeContext,"context","x","","Set the kube context.")
rootCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVarP(&disallowExemptions,"disallow-exemptions","",false,"Disallow any configured exemption.")
rootCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVarP(&disallowConfigExemptions,"disallow-config-exemptions","",false,"Disallow exemptions set within the configuration file.")
rootCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVarP(&disallowAnnotationExemptions,"disallow-annotation-exemptions","",false,"Disallow any exemption defined as a controller annotation.")
rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&logLevel,"log-level","",logrus.InfoLevel.String(),"Logrus log level to be output (trace, debug, info, warning, error, fatal, panic).")
webhookCmd.PersistentFlags().IntVarP(&webhookPort,"port","p",9876,"Port for the dashboard webserver.")
webhookCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&disableWebhookConfigInstaller,"disable-webhook-config-installer",false,"disable the installer in the webhook server, so it won't install webhook configuration resources during bootstrapping.")
webhookCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&disableWebhookConfigInstaller,"disable-webhook-config-installer",false,"Disable the installer in the webhook server, so it won't install webhook configuration resources during bootstrapping.")
webhookCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&enableValidations,"validate",true,"Enable the validating webhook to reject workloads with issues")
webhookCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&enableMutations,"mutate",false,"Enable the mutating webhook to modify workloads with issues")
webhookCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&certDir,"cert-dir","/opt/cert","Directory in which tls certificate is located")
}
varwebhookCmd=&cobra.Command{
@@ -44,27 +51,34 @@ var webhookCmd = &cobra.Command{
* **Breaking** - fixed inconsistency in how controller-level checks are handled
Custom checks with `target: Controller` should remove `Object` from the top-level of the
JSON schema (see changes to `./checks/multipleReplicasForDeployment.yaml`)
## 2.0.1
* Fixed Polaris deployment process
## 2.0.0
* Standardize categories of checks into Security, Reliability, and Efficiency
* Changes to the dashboard UI
* Update controller-runtime
## 1.2.1
* Update date on dashboard footer
## 1.2.0
* Add ability to audit a single workload
* Enable `pullPolicyAlways` by default
* Fix for finding parent resources
## 1.1.1
* Show controller checks on dashboard
* Fix for orphaned pods w/ controller checks
## 1.1.0
* Add namespace filter in UI
* Add priorityClass check
* Support reading from STDIN
* Ensure severity is set for all custom checks
* Support audit files which use \r or \r\n as newline character
* Add option to exempt an entire controller from checks via config file
* Fixed case where parent resources trigger error
* Fixed UI zero-state
## 1.0.3
* Fixed case where parent resources trigger error
* Fixed dashboard link when `--base-path` is set
## 1.0.2
* Fixed case where custom CRDs are not covered by RBAC
## 1.0.1
* Added ARM binaries to releases
## 1.0.0
### New Features
* Added support for custom checks using JSON Schema
* Added support for arbitrary controllers, rather than a pre-configured set
* removed support for `controllers_to_scan` in config
* Added the ability to exempt a particular controller from a particular check.
* Docker image now includes the default config
### Breaking Changes
* Breaking changes in both input and output formats. See [Examples](https://github.com/FairwindsOps/polaris/tree/master/examples) for examples of the new formats.
* removed config-level configuration for checks like max/min memory settings
* changed severity `error` to `danger`
* Breaking changes to the CLI
* CLI flag `--set-exit-code-on-error` is now `--set-exit-code-on-danger`
* Flags `--version`, `--dashboard`, `--webhook`, and `--audit` are now arguments
* Port flags are now just `--port`
## 0.6.0
* Fixed webhook support in Kubernetes 1.16
* this also removes support for 1.8
* Added support for exemptions via controller annotations
## 0.5.2
* Fixed missing success messages for resource requests/limits
## 0.5.1
* Added a few more exemptions
* Started checking exemptions based on controller name prefix
*`runAsUser != 0` now passes the `runAsNonRoot` check
## 0.5.0
* Added `--load-audit-file` flag to run the dashboard from an existing audit
* Added an `ID` field to each check in the output
* Skip health checks for jobs, cronjobs, initcontainers
* Added support for exemptions
* Fixed dashboard base path option
## 0.4.0
* Added additional Pod Controllers to scan PodSpec (`jobs`, `cronjobs`, `daemonsets`, `replicationcontrollers`)
## 0.3.1
* Changed dashboard branding to refer to new org name Fairwinds
## 0.3.0
* Added `--set-exit-code-on-error` and `--set-exit-code-below-score` flags to better support CI/CD
## 0.2.1
* [Fix](https://github.com/FairwindsOps/polaris/issues/146): Fixed logic on RunAsNonRoot check to incorporate settings in podSpec
## 0.2.0
* Added `--output-format` flag for better CI/CD support
* Added `--display-name` flag
* Added support for StatefulSets
* Show error message if no kubeconfig is set
## 0.1.5
* [Fix](https://github.com/FairwindsOps/polaris/issues/125): ignore limits/requests for initContainers
* [Fix](https://github.com/FairwindsOps/polaris/issues/132): support custom base path
These checks are related to security concerns. Workloads that fail these
checks may make your cluster more vulnerable, often by introducing a path
for privilege escalation.
key | default | description
----|---------|------------
`security.hostIPCSet` | `danger` | Fails when `hostIPC` attribute is configured.
`security.hostPIDSet` | `danger` | Fails when `hostPID` attribute is configured.
`security.notReadOnlyRootFilesystem` | `warning` | Fails when `securityContext.readOnlyRootFilesystem` is not true.
`security.privilegeEscalationAllowed` | `danger` | Fails when `securityContext.allowPrivilegeEscalation` is true.
`security.runAsRootAllowed` | `warning` | Fails when `securityContext.runAsNonRoot` is not true.
`security.runAsPrivileged` | `danger` | Fails when `securityContext.privileged` is true.
`security.insecureCapabilities` | `warning` | Fails when `securityContext.capabilities` includes one of the capabilities [listed here](https://github.com/FairwindsOps/polaris/tree/master/checks/insecureCapabilities.yaml)
`security.dangerousCapabilities` | `danger` | Fails when `securityContext.capabilities` includes one of the capabilities [listed here](https://github.com/FairwindsOps/polaris/tree/master/checks/dangerousCapabilities.yaml)
`security.hostNetworkSet` | `warning` | Fails when `hostNetwork` attribute is configured.
`security.hostPortSet` | `warning` | Fails when `hostPort` attribute is configured.
## Background
Securing workloads in Kubernetes is an important part of overall cluster security. The overall goal should be to ensure that containers are running with as minimal privileges as possible. This includes avoiding privilege escalation, not running containers with a root user, not giving excessive access to the host network, and using read only file systems wherever possible.
A pod running with the `hostNetwork` attribute enabled will have access to the loopback device, services listening on localhost, and could be used to snoop on network activity of other pods on the same node. There are certain examples where setting `hostNetwork` to true is required, such as deploying a networking plugin like Flannel.
Setting the `hostPort` attribute on a container will ensure that it is accessible on that specific port on each node it is deployed to. Unfortunately when this is specified, it limits where a pod can actually be scheduled in a cluster.
Much of this configuration can be found in the `securityContext` attribute for both Kubernetes pods and containers. Where configuration is available at both a pod and container level, Polaris validates both.
## Further Reading
- [Kubernetes Docs: Configure a Security Context for a Pod or Container](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/security-context/)
- [KubeCon 2018 Keynote: Running with Scissors](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ltrV-Qmh3oY)
- [Kubernetes Docs: Set capabilities for a Container](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/security-context/#set-capabilities-for-a-container)
We extend JSON Schema with `resourceMinimum` and `resourceMaximum` fields to help compare memory and CPU resource
strings like `1000m` and `1G`. You can see an example in [the extended config](https://github.com/FairwindsOps/polaris/tree/master/examples/config-full.yaml)
There are additional examples in the [checks folder](https://github.com/FairwindsOps/polaris/tree/master/checks).
<divid="app"data-server-rendered="true"><divclass="theme-container"><divclass="theme-default-content"><h1>404</h1><blockquote>Looks like we've got some broken links.</blockquote><ahref="/"class="router-link-active">
**Want to learn more?** Reach out on [the Slack channel](https://fairwindscommunity.slack.com/messages/polaris) ([request invite](https://join.slack.com/t/fairwindscommunity/shared_invite/zt-e3c6vj4l-3lIH6dvKqzWII5fSSFDi1g)), send an email to `opensource@fairwinds.com`, or join us for [office hours on Zoom](https://fairwindscommunity.slack.com/messages/office-hours)
<span><svgxmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"aria-hidden="true"focusable="false"x="0px"y="0px"viewBox="0 0 100 100"width="15"height="15"class="icon outbound"><pathfill="currentColor"d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygonfill="currentColor"points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><spanclass="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></div><!----></nav><ulclass="sidebar-links"><li><sectionclass="sidebar-group depth-0"><ahref="/"class="sidebar-heading clickable router-link-active"><span>Polaris</span><!----></a><ulclass="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><ahref="/changelog/"class="sidebar-link">Changelog</a></li><li><ahref="/code-of-conduct/"class="sidebar-link">Code of Conduct</a></li><li><ahref="/contributing/"class="sidebar-link">Contributing</a></li></ul></section></li><li><sectionclass="sidebar-group depth-0"><pclass="sidebar-heading open"><span>Ways to Run Polaris</span><!----></p><ulclass="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><ahref="/dashboard/"class="sidebar-link">Dashboard</a></li><li><ahref="/admission-controller/"aria-current="page"class="active sidebar-link">Admission Controller</a><ulclass="sidebar-sub-headers"><liclass="sidebar-sub-header"><ahref="/admission-controller/#installation"class="sidebar-link">Installation</a></li><liclass="sidebar-sub-header"><ahref="/admission-controller/#workload-types"class="sidebar-link">Workload Types</a></li><liclass="sidebar-sub-header"><ahref="/admission-controller/#warnings"class="sidebar-link">Warnings</a></li></ul></li><li><ahref="/infrastructure-as-code/"class="sidebar-link">Infrastructure as Code</a></li></ul></section></li><li><sectionclass="sidebar-group depth-0"><pclass="sidebar-heading"><span>Customization</span><!----></p><ulclass="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><ahref="/customization/configuration/"class="sidebar-link">Configuration</a></li><li><ahref="/customization/checks/"class="sidebar-link">Check Settings</a></li><li><ahref="/customization/custom-checks/"class="sidebar-link">Custom Checks</a></li><li><ahref="/customization/exemptions/"class="sidebar-link">Exemptions</a></li></ul></section></li><li><sectionclass="sidebar-group depth-0"><pclass="sidebar-heading"><span>Checks</span><!----></p><ulclass="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><ahref="/checks/security/"class="sidebar-link">Security</a></li><li><ahref="/checks/efficiency/"class="sidebar-link">Efficiency</a></li><li><ahref="/checks/reliability/"class="sidebar-link">Reliability</a></li></ul></section></li></ul></aside><mainclass="page"><divclass="theme-default-content content__default"><h1id="admission-controller"><ahref="#admission-controller"class="header-anchor">#</a> Admission Controller</h1><p>Polaris can be run as an admission controller that acts as a validating webhook.
This accepts the same configuration as the dashboard, and can run the same validations.</p><p>The webhook will reject any workloads that trigger a danger-level check.
This is indicative of the greater goal of Polaris, not just to encourage better
configuration through dashboard visibility, but to actually enforce it with this webhook.</p><p>Note that Polaris will not alter your workloads, only block workloads that don't conform to the configured policies.</p><h2id="installation"><ahref="#installation"class="header-anchor">#</a> Installation</h2><h3id="kubectl"><ahref="#kubectl"class="header-anchor">#</a> kubectl</h3><divclass="language-bash extra-class"><preclass="language-bash"><code>kubectl apply -f https://github.com/fairwindsops/polaris/releases/latest/download/webhook.yaml
</code></pre></div><h2id="workload-types"><ahref="#workload-types"class="header-anchor">#</a> Workload Types</h2><p>The webhook comes with built-in support for a handful of known controller types,
such as Deployments, Jobs, and DaemonSets. To add new controller types,
you can set <code>webhook.rules</code> in the
<ahref="https://github.com/FairwindsOps/charts/tree/master/stable/polaris"target="_blank"rel="noopener noreferrer">Helm chart<span><svgxmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"aria-hidden="true"focusable="false"x="0px"y="0px"viewBox="0 0 100 100"width="15"height="15"class="icon outbound"><pathfill="currentColor"d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygonfill="currentColor"points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><spanclass="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></p><h2id="warnings"><ahref="#warnings"class="header-anchor">#</a> Warnings</h2><p>Unfortunately we have not found a way to display warnings as part of <code>kubectl</code>
output unless we are rejecting a workload altogether.</p><p>This means that any checks with a severity of <code>warning</code> will still pass webhook validation,
and the only evidence of that warning will either be in the Polaris dashboard or the
Polaris webhook logs. This will change in a future version of Kubernetes.</p></div><footerclass="page-edit"><divclass="edit-link"><ahref="https://github.com/FairwindsOps/polaris/edit/master/docs-md/admission-controller.md"target="_blank"rel="noopener noreferrer">Help us improve this page</a><span><svgxmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"aria-hidden="true"focusable="false"x="0px"y="0px"viewBox="0 0 100 100"width="15"height="15"class="icon outbound"><pathfill="currentColor"d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygonfill="currentColor"points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><spanclass="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></div><!----></footer><divclass="page-nav"><pclass="inner"><spanclass="prev">
</span></p></div><divclass="custom-footer"><divclass="left-footer"><ahref="https://fairwinds.com"target="_blank">Learn more about Fairwinds</a><ahref="https://fairwinds.com/insights"target="_blank">Try Fairwinds Insights</a></div><divclass="right-footer"><ahref="https://www.fairwinds.com/privacy-policy"target="_blank">Privacy Policy</a></div></div></main></div><divclass="global-ui"></div></div>
(window.webpackJsonp=window.webpackJsonp||[]).push([[11],{373:function(e,t,r){"use strict";r.r(t);vars=r(42),o=Object(s.a)({},(function(){vare=this,t=e.$createElement,r=e._self._c||t;returnr("ContentSlotsDistributor",{attrs:{"slot-key":e.$parent.slotKey}},[r("h1",{attrs:{id:"efficiency"}},[r("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#efficiency"}},[e._v("#")]),e._v(" Efficiency")]),e._v(" "),r("p",[e._v("These checks ensure that CPU and memory settings are configured, so that\nKubernetes can schedule your workload effectively.")]),e._v(" "),r("h2",{attrs:{id:"presence-checks"}},[r("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#presence-checks"}},[e._v("#")]),e._v(" Presence Checks")]),e._v(" "),r("p",[e._v("To simplify ensure that these values have been set, the following attributes are available:")]),e._v(" "),r("table",[r("thead",[r("tr",[r("th",[e._v("key")]),e._v(" "),r("th",[e._v("default")]),e._v(" "),r("th",[e._v("description")])])]),e._v(" "),r("tbody",[r("tr",[r("td",[r("code",[e._v("resources.cpuRequestsMissing")])]),e._v(" "),r("td",[r("code",[e._v("warning")])]),e._v(" "),r("td",[e._v("Fails when "),r("code",[e._v("resources.requests.cpu")]),e._v(" attribute is not configured.")])]),e._v(" "),r("tr",[r("td",[r("code",[e._v("resources.memoryRequestsMissing")])]),e._v(" "),r("td",[r("code",[e._v("warning")])]),e._v(" "),r("td",[e._v("Fails when "),r("code",[e._v("resources.requests.memory")]),e._v(" attribute is not configured.")])]),e._v(" "),r("tr",[r("td",[r("code",[e._v("resources.cpuLimitsMissing")])]),e._v(" "),r("td",[r("code",[e._v("warning")])]),e._v(" "),r("td",[e._v("Fails when "),r("code",[e._v("resources.limits.cpu")]),e._v(" attribute is not configured.")])]),e._v(" "),r("tr",[r("td",[r("code",[e._v("resources.memoryLimitsMissing")])]),e._v(" "),r("td",[r("code",[e._v("warning")])]),e._v(" "),r("td",[e._v("Fails when "),r("code",[e._v("resources.limits.memory")]),e._v(" attribute is not configured.")])])])]),e._v(" "),r("h2",{attrs:{id:"background"}},[r("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#background"}},[e._v("#")]),e._v(" Background")]),e._v(" "),r("p",[e._v("Configuring resource requests and limits for containers running in Kubernetes is an important best practice to follow. Setting appropriate resource requests will ensure that all your applications have sufficient compute resources. Setting appropriate resource limits will ensure that your applications do not consume too many resources.")]),e._v(" "),r("p",[e._v("Having these values appropriately configured ensures that:")]),e._v(" "),r("ul",[r("li",[r("p",[e._v("Cluster autoscaling can function as intended. New nodes are scheduled once pods are unable to be scheduled on an existing node due to insufficient resources. This will not happen if resource requests are not configured.")])]),e._v(" "),r("li",[r("p",[e._v("Each container has sufficient access to compute resources. Without resource requests, a pod may be scheduled on a node that is already overutilized. Without resource limits, a single poorly behaving pod could utilize the majority of resources on a node, significantly impacting the performance of other pods on the same node.")])])]),e._v(" "),r("h2",{attrs:{id:"further-reading"}},[r("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#further-reading"}},[e._v("#")]),e._v(" Further Reading")]),e._v(" "),r("ul",[r("li",[r("a",{attrs:{href:"https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/manage-compute-resources-container/",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[e._v("Kubernetes Docs: Managing Compute Resources for Containers"),r("OutboundLink")],1)]),e._v(" "),r("li",[r("a",{attrs:{href:"https://cloud.google.com/blog/products/gcp/kubernetes-best-practices-resource-requests-and-limits",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[e._v("Kubernetes best practices: Resource requests and limits"),r("OutboundLink")],1)]),e._v(" "),r("li",[r("a",{attrs:{href:"https://github.com/kubernetes/autoscaler/tree/master/vertical-pod-autoscaler",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[e._v("Vertical Pod Autoscaler (can automatically set resource requests and limits)"),r("OutboundLink")],1)])])])}),[],!1,null,null,null);t.default=o.exports}}]);
(window.webpackJsonp=window.webpackJsonp||[]).push([[14],{371:function(e,n,t){"use strict";t.r(n);vars=t(42),i=Object(s.a)({},(function(){vare=this.$createElement,n=this._self._c||e;returnn("ContentSlotsDistributor",{attrs:{"slot-key":this.$parent.slotKey}},[n("h4",{attrs:{id:"cli-options"}},[n("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#cli-options"}},[this._v("#")]),this._v(" CLI Options")]),this._v(" "),n("div",{staticClass:"language- extra-class"},[n("pre",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"language-text"}},[n("code",[this._v('# top-level commands\naudit\n Runs a one-time audit.\ndashboard\n Runs the webserver for Polaris dashboard.\nhelp\n Prints help, if you give it a command then it will print help for that command. Same as -h\nversion\n Prints the version of Polaris\nwebhook\n Runs the webhook webserver\n\n# high-level flags\n-c, --config string\n Location of Polaris configuration file\n--disallow-exemptions\n Disallow any exemptions from configuration file.\n-h, --help\n Help for Polaris (same as help command)\n--kubeconfig string\n Path to a kubeconfig. Only required if out-of-cluster.\n--log-level string\n Logrus log level (default "info")\n--master string\n The address of the Kubernetes API server. Overrides any value in kubeconfig. Only required if out-of-cluster.\n\n# dashboard flags\n--audit-path string\n If specified, audits one or more YAML files instead of a cluster\n--base-path string\n Path on which the dashboard is served (default "/")\n--display-name string\n An optional identifier for the audit\n--load-audit-file string\n Runs the dashboard with data saved from a past audit.\n-p, --port int\n Port for the dashboard webserver (default 8080)\n\n# audit flags\n--audit-path string\n If specified, audits one or more YAML files instead of a cluster\n--resource string\n If specified, audit a specific resource, in the format namespace/kind/version/name, e.g. nginx-ingress/Deployment.apps/v1/default-backend\n--display-name string\n An optional identifier for the audit\n--format string\n Output format for results - json, yaml, or score (default "json")\n--output-file string\n Destination file for audit results\n--output-url string\n Destination URL to send audit results\n--set-exit-code-below-score int\n Set an exit code of 4 when the score is below this threshold (1-100)\n--set-exit-code-on-danger\n Set an exit code of 3 when the audit contains danger-level issues.\n\n# webhook flags\n--disable-webhook-config-installer\n disable the installer in the webhook server, so it won\'t install webhook configuration resources during bootstrapping\n-p, --port int\n Port for the webhook webserver (default 9876)\n')])])])])}),[],!1,null,null,null);n.default=i.exports}}]);
(window.webpackJsonp=window.webpackJsonp||[]).push([[17],{368:function(e,t,a){"use strict";a.r(t);vars=a(42),n=Object(s.a)({},(function(){vare=this,t=e.$createElement,a=e._self._c||t;returna("ContentSlotsDistributor",{attrs:{"slot-key":e.$parent.slotKey}},[a("h1",{attrs:{id:"check-settings"}},[a("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#check-settings"}},[e._v("#")]),e._v(" Check Settings")]),e._v(" "),a("p",[e._v("Each check can be assigned a "),a("code",[e._v("severity")]),e._v(". Only checks with a severity of "),a("code",[e._v("danger")]),e._v(" or "),a("code",[e._v("warning")]),e._v(" will be validated. The results of these validations are visible on the dashboard. In the case of the validating webhook, only failures with a severity of "),a("code",[e._v("danger")]),e._v(" will result in a change being rejected.")]),e._v(" "),a("p",[e._v("Polaris validation checks fall into several different categories:")]),e._v(" "),a("ul",[a("li",[a("RouterLink",{attrs:{to:"/checks/security.html"}},[e._v("Security")])],1),e._v(" "),a("li",[a("RouterLink",{attrs:{to:"/checks/reliability.html"}},[e._v("Reliability")])],1),e._v(" "),a("li",[a("RouterLink",{attrs:{to:"/checks/efficiency.html"}},[e._v("Efficiency")])],1)]),e._v(" "),a("p",[e._v("To change the default severity levels, or to turn checks on or off, you can create your own "),a("code",[e._v("config.yaml")]),e._v(":")]),e._v(" "),a("div",{staticClass:"language-yaml extra-class"},[a("pre",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"language-yaml"}},[a("code",[a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token key atrule"}},[e._v("checks")]),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[e._v(":")]),e._v("\n "),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token key atrule"}},[e._v("tagNotSpecified")]),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[e._v(":")]),e._v(" ignore\n "),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token key atrule"}},[e._v("runAsRootAllowed")]),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[e._v(":")]),e._v(" danger\n "),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token key atrule"}},[e._v("pullPolicyNotAlways")]),a("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[e._v(":")]),e._v(" warning\n")])])])])}),[],!1,null,null,null);t.default=n.exports}}]);
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(window.webpackJsonp=window.webpackJsonp||[]).push([[20],{376:function(t,a,e){"use strict";e.r(a);vars=e(42),n=Object(s.a)({},(function(){vart=this,a=t.$createElement,e=t._self._c||a;returne("ContentSlotsDistributor",{attrs:{"slot-key":t.$parent.slotKey}},[e("h1",{attrs:{id:"exemptions"}},[e("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#exemptions"}},[t._v("#")]),t._v(" Exemptions")]),t._v(" "),e("p",[t._v("Sometimes a workload really does need to do things that Polaris considers insecure. For instance,\nmany of the "),e("code",[t._v("kube-system")]),t._v(" workloads need to run as root, or need access to the host network. In these\ncases, we can add "),e("strong",[t._v("exemptions")]),t._v(" to allow the workload to pass Polaris checks.")]),t._v(" "),e("p",[t._v("Exemptions can be added two ways: by annotating a controller, or editing the Polaris config.")]),t._v(" "),e("h2",{attrs:{id:"annotations"}},[e("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#annotations"}},[t._v("#")]),t._v(" Annotations")]),t._v(" "),e("p",[t._v("To exempt a controller from all checks via annotations, use the annotation "),e("code",[t._v("polaris.fairwinds.com/exempt=true")]),t._v(", e.g.")]),t._v(" "),e("div",{staticClass:"language- extra-class"},[e("pre",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"language-text"}},[e("code",[t._v("kubectl annotate deployment my-deployment polaris.fairwinds.com/exempt=true\n")])])]),e("p",[t._v("To exempt a controller from a particular check via annotations, use an annotation in the form of "),e("code",[t._v("polaris.fairwinds.com/<check>-exempt=true")]),t._v(", e.g.")]),t._v(" "),e("div",{staticClass:"language- extra-class"},[e("pre",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"language-text"}},[e("code",[t._v("kubectl annotate deployment my-deployment polaris.fairwinds.com/cpuRequestsMissing-exempt=true\n")])])]),e("h2",{attrs:{id:"config"}},[e("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#config"}},[t._v("#")]),t._v(" Config")]),t._v(" "),e("p",[t._v("To exempt a controller via the config, you have to specify a namespace (optional), a list of controller names and a list of rules, e.g.")]),t._v(" "),e("div",{staticClass:"language-yaml extra-class"},[e("pre",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"language-yaml"}},[e("code",[e("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token key atrule"}},[t._v("exemptions")]),e("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[t._v(":")]),t._v("\n "),e("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token comment"}},[t._v("# exemption valid for kube-system namespace")]),t._v("\n "),e("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[t._v("-")]),t._v(" "),e("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token key atrule"}},[t._v("namespace")]),e("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[t._v(":")]),t._v(" kube"),e("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[t._v("-")]),t._v("system\n "),e("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token key atrule"}},[t._v("controllerNames")]),e("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[t._v(":")]),t._v("\n "),e("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[t._v("-")]),t._v(" dns"),e("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[t._v("-")]),t._v("controller\n "),e("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token key atrule"}},[t._v("rules")]),e("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[t._v(":")]),t._v("\n "),e("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[t._v("-")]),t._v(" hostNetworkSet\n "),e("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token comment"}},[t._v("# exemption valid in all namespaces")]),t._v("\n "),e("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[t._v("-")]),t._v(" "),e("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token key atrule"}},[t._v("controllerNames")]),e("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[t._v(":")]),t._v("\n "),e("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[t._v("-")]),t._v(" dns"),e("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[t._v("-")]),t._v("controller\n "),e("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token key atrule"}},[t._v("rules")]),e("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[t._v(":")]),t._v("\n "),e("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[t._v("-")]),t._v(" hostNetworkSet\n")])])])])}),[],!1,null,null,null);a.default=n.exports}}]);
(window.webpackJsonp=window.webpackJsonp||[]).push([[22],{372:function(e,a,s){"use strict";s.r(a);vart=s(42),n=Object(t.a)({},(function(){vare=this,a=e.$createElement,s=e._self._c||a;returns("ContentSlotsDistributor",{attrs:{"slot-key":e.$parent.slotKey}},[s("h1",{attrs:{id:"infrastructure-as-code"}},[s("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#infrastructure-as-code"}},[e._v("#")]),e._v(" Infrastructure as Code")]),e._v(" "),s("p",[e._v("Polaris can be used on the command line to audit local Kubernetes manifests stored in YAML files.\nThis is particularly helpful for running Polaris against your infrastructure-as-code as part of a\nCI/CD pipeline. Use the available "),s("a",{attrs:{href:"#running-in-a-ci-pipeline"}},[e._v("command line flags")]),e._v("\nto cause CI/CD to fail if your Polaris score drops below a certain threshold, or if any danger-level issues arise.")]),e._v(" "),s("h2",{attrs:{id:"install-the-cli"}},[s("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#install-the-cli"}},[e._v("#")]),e._v(" Install the CLI")]),e._v(" "),s("p",[e._v("To run Polaris against your YAML manifests, e.g. as part of a Continuous Integration process,\nyou'll need to install the CLI.")]),e._v(" "),s("p",[e._v("Binary releases can be downloaded from the "),s("a",{attrs:{href:"https://github.com/fairwindsops/polaris/releases",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[e._v("releases page"),s("OutboundLink")],1),e._v("\nor can be installed with "),s("a",{attrs:{href:"https://brew.sh/",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[e._v("Homebrew"),s("OutboundLink")],1),e._v(":")]),e._v(" "),s("div",{staticClass:"language-bash extra-class"},[s("pre",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"language-bash"}},[s("code",[e._v("brew tap FairwindsOps/tap\nbrew "),s("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token function"}},[e._v("install")]),e._v(" FairwindsOps/tap/polaris\npolaris version\n")])])]),s("h2",{attrs:{id:"running-in-a-ci-pipeline"}},[s("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#running-in-a-ci-pipeline"}},[e._v("#")]),e._v(" Running in a CI pipeline")]),e._v(" "),s("p",[e._v("You can tell the CLI to set an exit code if it detects certain issues with your\nYAML files.\nFor example, to fail if polaris detects "),s("em",[e._v("any")]),e._v(" danger-level issues, or if the score drops below 90%:")]),e._v(" "),s("div",{staticClass:"language-bash extra-class"},[s("pre",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"language-bash"}},[s("code",[e._v("polaris audit --audit-path ./deploy/ "),s("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[e._v("\\")]),e._v("\n --set-exit-code-on-danger "),s("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[e._v("\\")]),e._v("\n --set-exit-code-below-score "),s("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token number"}},[e._v("90")]),e._v("\n")])])])])}),[],!1,null,null,null);a.default=n.exports}}]);
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(window.webpackJsonp=window.webpackJsonp||[]).push([[7],{363:function(t,e,s){"use strict";s.r(e);varn=["There's nothing here.","How did we get here?","That's a Four-Oh-Four.","Looks like we've got some broken links."],o={methods:{getMsg:function(){returnn[Math.floor(Math.random()*n.length)]}}},i=s(42),h=Object(i.a)(o,(function(){vart=this.$createElement,e=this._self._c||t;returne("div",{staticClass:"theme-container"},[e("div",{staticClass:"theme-default-content"},[e("h1",[this._v("404")]),this._v(" "),e("blockquote",[this._v(this._s(this.getMsg()))]),this._v(" "),e("RouterLink",{attrs:{to:"/"}},[this._v("\n Take me home.\n ")])],1)])}),[],!1,null,null,null);e.default=h.exports}}]);
(window.webpackJsonp=window.webpackJsonp||[]).push([[9],{377:function(a,t,e){"use strict";e.r(t);vars=e(42),o=Object(s.a)({},(function(){vara=this,t=a.$createElement,e=a._self._c||t;returne("ContentSlotsDistributor",{attrs:{"slot-key":a.$parent.slotKey}},[e("h1",{attrs:{id:"admission-controller"}},[e("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#admission-controller"}},[a._v("#")]),a._v(" Admission Controller")]),a._v(" "),e("p",[a._v("Polaris can be run as an admission controller that acts as a validating webhook.\nThis accepts the same configuration as the dashboard, and can run the same validations.")]),a._v(" "),e("p",[a._v("The webhook will reject any workloads that trigger a danger-level check.\nThis is indicative of the greater goal of Polaris, not just to encourage better\nconfiguration through dashboard visibility, but to actually enforce it with this webhook.")]),a._v(" "),e("p",[a._v("Note that Polaris will not alter your workloads, only block workloads that don't conform to the configured policies.")]),a._v(" "),e("h2",{attrs:{id:"installation"}},[e("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#installation"}},[a._v("#")]),a._v(" Installation")]),a._v(" "),e("h3",{attrs:{id:"kubectl"}},[e("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#kubectl"}},[a._v("#")]),a._v(" kubectl")]),a._v(" "),e("div",{staticClass:"language-bash extra-class"},[e("pre",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"language-bash"}},[e("code",[a._v("kubectl apply -f https://github.com/fairwindsops/polaris/releases/latest/download/webhook.yaml\n")])])]),e("h3",{attrs:{id:"helm"}},[e("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#helm"}},[a._v("#")]),a._v(" Helm")]),a._v(" "),e("div",{staticClass:"language-bash extra-class"},[e("pre",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"language-bash"}},[e("code",[a._v("helm repo "),e("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token function"}},[a._v("add")]),a._v(" fairwindsops-stable https://charts.fairwindsops.com/stable\nhelm upgrade --install polaris fairwindsops-stable/polaris --namespace polaris "),e("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[a._v("\\")]),a._v("\n --set webhook.enable"),e("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token operator"}},[a._v("=")]),a._v("true --set dashboard.enable"),e("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token operator"}},[a._v("=")]),a._v("false\n")])])]),e("h2",{attrs:{id:"workload-types"}},[e("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#workload-types"}},[a._v("#")]),a._v(" Workload Types")]),a._v(" "),e("p",[a._v("The webhook comes with built-in support for a handful of known controller types,\nsuch as Deployments, Jobs, and DaemonSets. To add new controller types,\nyou can set "),e("code",[a._v("webhook.rules")]),a._v(" in the\n"),e("a",{attrs:{href:"https://github.com/FairwindsOps/charts/tree/master/stable/polaris",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[a._v("Helm chart"),e("OutboundLink")],1)]),a._v(" "),e("h2",{attrs:{id:"warnings"}},[e("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#warnings"}},[a._v("#")]),a._v(" Warnings")]),a._v(" "),e("p",[a._v("Unfortunately we have not found a way to display warnings as part of "),e("code",[a._v("kubectl")]),a._v("\noutput unless we are rejecting a workload altogether.")]),a._v(" "),e("p",[a._v("This means that any checks with a severity of "),e("code",[a._v("warning")]),a._v(" will still pass webhook validation,\nand the only evidence of that warning will either be in the Polaris dashboard or the\nPolaris webhook logs. This will change in a future version of Kubernetes.")])])}),[],!1,null,null,null);t.default=o.exports}}]);
* Rewrite `hpaMaxAvailability` check to use go-template
## 9.1.0
* Add HPA `minAvailable` and HPA `maxAvailable` checks
* Fix typo for PDB `minAvailable`
## 9.0.1
* Fix comments handling in `addOrReplaceValue` function
## 9.0.0
* Expose issue fixer and mutations in the library
* Remove `packr` in favor of `go:embed`
## 8.5.6
* Fix trying to list cluster-level resources
## 8.5.5
* Fix missing PDB check
## 8.5.4
* Fix conditional expressions should be at very top of `additionalSchemaStrings`
* Update alpine to 3.19
## 8.5.3
* Add quiet flag to polaris audit CLI command to suppress 'upload to Insights' prompt
## 8.5.2
* Switch to `controller-utils` package to get workloads
## 8.5.1
* Update `topologySpreadConstraint` check
## 8.5.0
* Add helm-skip-tests flag
* Update CLI docs
* Handle multiple helm-values files
## 8.4.0
* Change kubernetes.io/ label from name to instance
## 8.3.0
* Add option to filter audit results by severity level
* Add insights prompt
## 8.2.4
* Fix nil pointer issue with webhook
## 8.2.3
* Add category for `metadataAndNameMismatched`.
* Fix category for `priorityClassNotSet`.
## 8.2.2
* Fix webhook server cert dir argument
## 8.2.1
* Fix on Insights integration
## 8.2.0
* Minor fixes for NSA checks
## 8.1.0
* Add `insights-host` global flag to configure Fairwinds Insights host (defaults to `https://insights.fairwinds.com`).
* Add new `auth` sub-commands be able to authenticate on Polaris using Fairwinds Insights credentials
- `login` - login using Fairwinds Insights credentials via the web interface or provide a token
- `logout` - logout from Fairwinds Insights
- `status` - show relevant information regarding login state
- `token` - prints the token from local storage
* Add new `audit` flags to be able to upload Workloads and Polaris results to Fairwinds Insights
- `upload-insights` - indicates that the results should be uploaded to Fairwinds Insights. (defaults to `false`)
- `cluster-name` - cluster name that the results belongs to. Creates the cluster if it does not exist. (required if `upload-insights` is used)
## 8.0.0
* Change default severity from `ignore` to `warning` for `priorityClassNotSet`, `metadataAndNameMismatched`, `missingPodDisruptionBudget`, `automountServiceAccountToken`, `missingNetworkPolicy` checks.
* Change default severity from `warning` to `danger` for `sensitiveContainerEnvVar`, `sensitiveConfigmapContent`, `clusterrolePodExecAttach`, `rolePodExecAttach`, `clusterrolebindingPodExecAttach`, `rolebindingClusterRolePodExecAttach`, `rolebindingRolePodExecAttach`,`clusterrolebindingClusterAdmin`,`rolebindingClusterAdminClusterRole`,`rolebindingClusterAdminRole` checks.
## 7.4.0
* Skip https certificate verification (#920)
## 7.3.0
* Add a check for `topologySpreadConstraint` (#879)
## 7.2.0
* Enable new RBAC / sensitive content / Pod exec checks, add `hasPrefix` and `hasSuffix` functions to the GO template, exempt `system:` name prefixes for RBAC checks, sensitive content checks ignore `valueFrom`, (#832)
## 7.1.0
* Let Polaris modify YAML without losing comments/formatting (#821)
* Add checks for RBAC allowing exec or attaching to a Pod (#820)
* `target: Pod` is now `target: PodSpec` (to differentiate naked Pods from Controllers)
## 6.0.0
* Preliminary support for `polaris fix` command
* Changes to how Pod owners are determined
* Removed YAML manifests from the `deploy/` directory - Helm is now the default install mechanism
## 5.1.0
* Support `--context` flag for kubecontext
* Treat core Kubernetes controllers (`Deployments`, `StatefulSets`, `DaemonSets`, `CronJobs`) as top-level objects, instead of following owner refs
## 5.0.0
* Renamed `multipleReplicasForDeployment` to `deploymentMissingReplicas`
* Changed `RunAsRootAllowed` and `hostNetworkSet` default severity to `danger`
* Changed `deploymentMissingReplicas` default severity to `warning`
## 4.2.0
* New flags `--disallow-(config|annotation)-exemptions`
* Kubernetes dependency updates
* Documentation updates
## 4.1.0
* Handle case-insentitivity in capabilities checks
* Change test for PDB disruptions to better handle IaC
## 4.0.9
* Update Alpine base image
## 4.0.8
* Fix support for namespace checks
## 4.0.7
* Fix goreleaser format
## 4.0.6
* Change goreleaser format
* Fix `--helm-values` flag
## 4.0.5
* Bugfix for repeated objects on the dashboard
## 4.0.4
* Bugfix for validating webhook and non-pod checks
## 4.0.3
* Fixed bad interaction between `--set-exit-score-below` and `--only-show-failed-tests`
* Dependency updates
* Support for Helm chart scanning
## 4.0.2
* Goreleaser fix
## 4.0.1
* Goreleaser fix
## 4.0.0
* Add support for arbitrary resources, like Ingress or PodDisruptionBudget
* Add support check templating (see docs)
* Add support for multi-resource checks (see docs)
### Breaking Changes
* In custom checks, `jsonSchema` is now `schemaString`
* Check `pdbDisruptionsAllowedGreaterThanZero` is now called `pdbDisruptionsIsZero`
## 3.2.0
* Add `--format=pretty` option for CLI output
## 3.1.6
* Fix nil pointer issue with --only-output-failed-tests
## 3.1.5
* Fix UI display of Ingress checks
## 3.1.4
* Fixes for exemption annotations for the admission controller
## 3.1.3
* Fixes for `privilegeEscalationAllowed` and `insecureCapabilities` checks to take Kubernetes defaults into account
## 3.1.2
* Start checking deployment configuration using Fairwinds Insights
## 3.1.1
* Updated to alpine:3.13
## 3.1.0
* Added support for Ingress objects
* Fixes for exemptions, including support for exempting entire namespaces
## 3.0.0
* **Breaking** - fixed inconsistency in how controller-level checks are handled
Custom checks with `target: Controller` should remove `Object` from the top-level of the
JSON schema (see changes to `./checks/multipleReplicasForDeployment.yaml`)
## 2.0.1
* Fixed Polaris deployment process
## 2.0.0
* Standardize categories of checks into Security, Reliability, and Efficiency
* Changes to the dashboard UI
* Update controller-runtime
## 1.2.1
* Update date on dashboard footer
## 1.2.0
* Add ability to audit a single workload
* Enable `pullPolicyAlways` by default
* Fix for finding parent resources
## 1.1.1
* Show controller checks on dashboard
* Fix for orphaned pods w/ controller checks
## 1.1.0
* Add namespace filter in UI
* Add priorityClass check
* Support reading from STDIN
* Ensure severity is set for all custom checks
* Support audit files which use \r or \r\n as newline character
* Add option to exempt an entire controller from checks via config file
* Fixed case where parent resources trigger error
* Fixed UI zero-state
## 1.0.3
* Fixed case where parent resources trigger error
* Fixed dashboard link when `--base-path` is set
## 1.0.2
* Fixed case where custom CRDs are not covered by RBAC
## 1.0.1
* Added ARM binaries to releases
## 1.0.0
### New Features
* Added support for custom checks using JSON Schema
* Added support for arbitrary controllers, rather than a pre-configured set
* removed support for `controllers_to_scan` in config
* Added the ability to exempt a particular controller from a particular check.
* Docker image now includes the default config
### Breaking Changes
* Breaking changes in both input and output formats. See [Examples](https://github.com/FairwindsOps/polaris/tree/master/pkg/config/examples) for examples of the new formats.
* removed config-level configuration for checks like max/min memory settings
* changed severity `error` to `danger`
* Breaking changes to the CLI
* CLI flag `--set-exit-code-on-error` is now `--set-exit-code-on-danger`
* Flags `--version`, `--dashboard`, `--webhook`, and `--audit` are now arguments
* Port flags are now just `--port`
## 0.6.0
* Fixed webhook support in Kubernetes 1.16
* this also removes support for 1.8
* Added support for exemptions via controller annotations
## 0.5.2
* Fixed missing success messages for resource requests/limits
## 0.5.1
* Added a few more exemptions
* Started checking exemptions based on controller name prefix
* `runAsUser != 0` now passes the `runAsNonRoot` check
## 0.5.0
* Added `--load-audit-file` flag to run the dashboard from an existing audit
* Added an `ID` field to each check in the output
* Skip health checks for jobs, cronjobs, initcontainers
* Added support for exemptions
* Fixed dashboard base path option
## 0.4.0
* Added additional Pod Controllers to scan PodSpec (`jobs`, `cronjobs`, `daemonsets`, `replicationcontrollers`)
## 0.3.1
* Changed dashboard branding to refer to new org name Fairwinds
## 0.3.0
* Added `--set-exit-code-on-error` and `--set-exit-code-below-score` flags to better support CI/CD
## 0.2.1
* [Fix](https://github.com/FairwindsOps/polaris/issues/146): Fixed logic on RunAsNonRoot check to incorporate settings in podSpec
## 0.2.0
* Added `--output-format` flag for better CI/CD support
* Added `--display-name` flag
* Added support for StatefulSets
* Show error message if no kubeconfig is set
## 0.1.5
* [Fix](https://github.com/FairwindsOps/polaris/issues/125): ignore limits/requests for initContainers
* [Fix](https://github.com/FairwindsOps/polaris/issues/132): support custom base path
content: "Fairwinds Polaris | Make sure your Kubernetes workloads are always available, and are running the correct image."
---
# Reliability
These checks help to make sure your workloads are always available,
@@ -5,25 +10,62 @@ and are running the correct image.
key | default | description
----|---------|------------
`reliability.readinessProbeMissing` | `warning` | Fails when a readiness probe is not configured for a pod.
`reliability.livenessProbeMissing` | `warning` | Fails when a liveness probe is not configured for a pod.
`reliability.tagNotSpecified` | `danger` | Fails when an image tag is either not specified or `latest`.
`reliability.pullPolicyNotAlways` | `warning` | Fails when an image pull policy is not `always`.
`reliability.priorityClassNotSet` | `ignore` | Fails when a priorityClassName is not set for a pod.
`reliability.multipleReplicasForDeployment` | `ignore` | Fails when there is only one replica for a deployment.
`readinessProbeMissing` | `warning` | Fails when a readiness probe is not configured for a pod.
`livenessProbeMissing` | `warning` | Fails when a liveness probe is not configured for a pod.
`tagNotSpecified` | `danger` | Fails when an image tag is either not specified or `latest`.
`pullPolicyNotAlways` | `warning` | Fails when an image pull policy is not `always`.
`priorityClassNotSet` | `warning` | Fails when a priorityClassName is not set for a pod.
`deploymentMissingReplicas` | `warning` | Fails when there is only one replica for a deployment.
`missingPodDisruptionBudget` | `warning` | Fails when PDB is missing.
`metadataAndInstanceMismatched` | `warning` | Fails when label `app.kubernetes.io/instance` and `metadata.name` mismatch
`topologySpreadConstraint` | `warning` | Fails when there is no topology spread constraint on the pod
`hpaMaxAvailability` | `warning` | Fails when `maxAvailable` lesser or equal than `minAvailable` (if defined) for a HorizontalPodAutoscaler
`hpaMinAvailability` | `warning` | Fails when `minAvailable` (if defined) lesser or equal to one for a HorizontalPodAutoscaler
`pdbMinAvailableGreaterThanHPAMinReplicas` | `warning` | Fails when PDB `minAvailable` is greater than HPA `minReplicas`
## Background
### Liveness and Readiness Probes
Readiness and liveness probes can help maintain the health of applications running inside Kubernetes. By default, Kubernetes only knows whether or not a process is running, not if it's healthy. Properly configured readiness and liveness probes will also be able to ensure the health of an application.
Readiness probes are designed to ensure that an application has reached a "ready" state. In many cases there is a period of time between when a webserver process starts and when it is ready to receive traffic. A readiness probe can ensure the traffic is not sent to a pod until it is actually ready to receive traffic.
Liveness probes are designed to ensure that an application stays in a healthy state. When a liveness probe fails, the pod will be restarted.
### Image Pull Policy
Docker's `latest` tag is applied by default to images where a tag hasn't been specified. Not specifying a specific version of an image can lead to a wide variety of problems. The underlying image could include unexpected breaking changes that break your application whenever the latest image is pulled. Reusing the same tag for multiple versions of an image can lead to different nodes in the same cluster having different versions of an image, even if the tag is identical.
Related to that, relying on cached versions of a Docker image can become a security vulnerability. By default, an image will be pulled if it isn't already cached on the node attempting to run it. This can result in variations in images that are running per node, or potentially provide a way to gain access to an image without having direct access to the ImagePullSecret. With that in mind, it's often better to ensure the a pod has `pullPolicy: Always` specified, so images are always pulled directly from their source.
### Topology Spread Constraints
By default, the Kubernetes scheduler uses a bin-packing algorithm to fit as many pods as possible into a cluster. The scheduler prefers a more evenly distributed general node load to app replicas precisely spread across nodes. Therefore, by default, multi-replica is not guaranteed to be spread across multiple availability zones. Kubernetes provides topologySpreadConstraint configuration in order to better ensure pod spread across multiple AZs and/or Hosts.
Example of a topologySpreadConstraint spreading across zones:
```
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: demo-basic-demo
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: basic-demo
app.kubernetes.io/instance: demo
template:
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: basic-demo
app.kubernetes.io/instance: demo
spec:
topologySpreadConstraints:
- maxSkew: 1
topologyKey: "topology.kubernetes.io/zone"
whenUnsatisfiable: ScheduleAnyway
```
## Further Reading
- [What's Wrong With The Docker :latest Tag?](https://vsupalov.com/docker-latest-tag/)
@@ -31,3 +73,4 @@ Related to that, relying on cached versions of a Docker image can become a secur
- [Kubernetes Docs: Configure Liveness and Readiness Probes](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-liveness-readiness-probes/)
- [Utilizing Kubernetes Liveness and Readiness Probes to Automatically Recover From Failure](https://medium.com/spire-labs/utilizing-kubernetes-liveness-and-readiness-probes-to-automatically-recover-from-failure-2fe0314f2b2e)
- [Kubernetes Liveness and Readiness Probes: How to Avoid Shooting Yourself in the Foot](https://blog.colinbreck.com/kubernetes-liveness-and-readiness-probes-how-to-avoid-shooting-yourself-in-the-foot/)
These checks are related to security concerns. Workloads that fail these
checks may make your cluster more vulnerable, often by introducing a path
for privilege escalation.
key | default | description
----|---------|------------
`automountServiceAccountToken` | `warning` | Fails when `automountServiceAccountToken` is automounted.
`hostIPCSet` | `danger` | Fails when `hostIPC` attribute is configured.
`hostPIDSet` | `danger` | Fails when `hostPID` attribute is configured.
`linuxHardening` | `danger` | Fails when neither `AppArmor`, `Seccomp`, `SELinux`, or dropping Linux Capabilities is in use.
`notReadOnlyRootFilesystem` | `warning` | Fails when `securityContext.readOnlyRootFilesystem` is not true.
`privilegeEscalationAllowed` | `danger` | Fails when `securityContext.allowPrivilegeEscalation` is true.
`runAsRootAllowed` | `warning` | Fails when `securityContext.runAsNonRoot` is not true.
`runAsPrivileged` | `danger` | Fails when `securityContext.privileged` is true.
`insecureCapabilities` | `warning` | Fails when `securityContext.capabilities` includes one of the capabilities [listed here](https://github.com/FairwindsOps/polaris/tree/master/pkg/config/checks/insecureCapabilities.yaml)
`dangerousCapabilities` | `danger` | Fails when `securityContext.capabilities` includes one of the capabilities [listed here](https://github.com/FairwindsOps/polaris/tree/master/pkg/config/checks/dangerousCapabilities.yaml)
`hostNetworkSet` | `warning` | Fails when `hostNetwork` attribute is configured.
`hostPortSet` | `warning` | Fails when `hostPort` attribute is configured.
`tlsSettingsMissing` | `warning` | Fails when an Ingress lacks TLS settings.
`sensitiveContainerEnvVar` | `danger` | Fails when the container sets potentially sensitive environment variables.
`sensitiveConfigmapContent` | `danger` | Fails when potentially sensitive content is detected in the ConfigMap keys or values.
`missingNetworkPolicy` | `warning`
`clusterrolePodExecAttach` | `danger` | Fails when the ClusterRole allows Pods/exec or pods/attach.
`rolePodExecAttach` | `danger` | Fails when the Role allows Pods/exec or pods/attach.
`clusterrolebindingPodExecAttach` | `danger` | Fails when the ClusterRoleBinding references a ClusterRole that allows Pods/exec, allows pods/attach, or that does not exist.
`rolebindingRolePodExecAttach` | `danger` | Fails when the RoleBinding references a Role that allows Pods/exec, allows pods/attach, or that does not exist.
`rolebindingClusterRolePodExecAttach` | `danger` | Fails when the RoleBinding references a ClusterRole that allows Pods/exec, allows pods/attach, or that does not exist.
`clusterrolebindingClusterAdmin` | `danger` | Fails when the ClusterRoleBinding references the default cluster-admin ClusterRole or one with wildcard permissions.
`rolebindingClusterAdminClusterRole` | `danger` | Fails when the RoleBinding references the default cluster-admin ClusterRole or one with wildcard permissions.
`rolebindingClusterAdminRole` | `danger` | Fails when the RoleBinding references a Role with wildcard permissions.
## Background
Securing workloads in Kubernetes is an important part of overall cluster security. The overall goal should be to ensure that containers are running with as minimal privileges as possible. This includes avoiding privilege escalation, not running containers with a root user, not giving excessive access to the host network, and using read only file systems wherever possible.
A pod running with the `hostNetwork` attribute enabled will have access to the loopback device, services listening on localhost, and could be used to snoop on network activity of other pods on the same node. There are certain examples where setting `hostNetwork` to true is required, such as deploying a networking plugin like Flannel.
Setting the `hostPort` attribute on a container will ensure that it is accessible on that specific port on each node it is deployed to. Unfortunately when this is specified, it limits where a pod can actually be scheduled in a cluster.
Much of this configuration can be found in the `securityContext` attribute for both Kubernetes pods and containers. Where configuration is available at both a pod and container level, Polaris validates both.
## Further Reading
- [Kubernetes Docs: Configure a Security Context for a Pod or Container](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/security-context/)
- [KubeCon 2018 Keynote: Running with Scissors](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ltrV-Qmh3oY)
- [Kubernetes Docs: Set capabilities for a Container](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/security-context/#set-capabilities-for-a-container)
--checks strings Optional flag to specify specific checks to fix eg. checks=hostIPCSet,hostPIDSet and checks=all applies fix to all defined checks mutations
--files-path string mutate and fix one or more YAML files in a specified folder
-h, --help help for fix
--template set to true when modifyng a YAML template, like a Helm chart (experimental)
# webhook flags
--disable-webhook-config-installer disable the installer in the webhook server, so it won't install webhook configuration resources during bootstrapping.
-h, --help help for webhook
-p, --port int Port for the dashboard webserver. (default 9876)
<span><svgxmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"aria-hidden="true"focusable="false"x="0px"y="0px"viewBox="0 0 100 100"width="15"height="15"class="icon outbound"><pathfill="currentColor"d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygonfill="currentColor"points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><spanclass="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></div><!----></nav><ulclass="sidebar-links"><li><sectionclass="sidebar-group depth-0"><ahref="/"class="sidebar-heading clickable router-link-active open"><span>Polaris</span><!----></a><ulclass="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><ahref="/changelog/"class="sidebar-link">Changelog</a></li><li><ahref="/code-of-conduct/"aria-current="page"class="active sidebar-link">Code of Conduct</a></li><li><ahref="/contributing/"class="sidebar-link">Contributing</a></li></ul></section></li><li><sectionclass="sidebar-group depth-0"><pclass="sidebar-heading"><span>Ways to Run Polaris</span><!----></p><ulclass="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><ahref="/dashboard/"class="sidebar-link">Dashboard</a></li><li><ahref="/admission-controller/"class="sidebar-link">Admission Controller</a></li><li><ahref="/infrastructure-as-code/"class="sidebar-link">Infrastructure as Code</a></li></ul></section></li><li><sectionclass="sidebar-group depth-0"><pclass="sidebar-heading"><span>Customization</span><!----></p><ulclass="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><ahref="/customization/configuration/"class="sidebar-link">Configuration</a></li><li><ahref="/customization/checks/"class="sidebar-link">Check Settings</a></li><li><ahref="/customization/custom-checks/"class="sidebar-link">Custom Checks</a></li><li><ahref="/customization/exemptions/"class="sidebar-link">Exemptions</a></li></ul></section></li><li><sectionclass="sidebar-group depth-0"><pclass="sidebar-heading"><span>Checks</span><!----></p><ulclass="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><ahref="/checks/security/"class="sidebar-link">Security</a></li><li><ahref="/checks/efficiency/"class="sidebar-link">Efficiency</a></li><li><ahref="/checks/reliability/"class="sidebar-link">Reliability</a></li></ul></section></li></ul></aside><mainclass="page"><divclass="theme-default-content content__default"><h1id="code-of-conduct"><ahref="#code-of-conduct"class="header-anchor">#</a> Code of Conduct</h1><h2id="our-pledge"><ahref="#our-pledge"class="header-anchor">#</a> Our Pledge</h2><p>In the interest of fostering an open and welcoming environment, we as
contributors and maintainers pledge to making participation in our project and
our community a harassment-free experience for everyone, regardless of age, body
size, disability, ethnicity, gender identity and expression, level of experience,
nationality, personal appearance, race, religion, or sexual identity and
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include:</p><ul><li>Using welcoming and inclusive language</li><li>Being respectful of differing viewpoints and experiences</li><li>Gracefully accepting constructive criticism</li><li>Focusing on what is best for the community</li><li>Showing empathy towards other community members</li></ul><p>Examples of unacceptable behavior by participants include:</p><ul><li>The use of sexualized language or imagery and unwelcome sexual attention or
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address, without explicit permission</li><li>Other conduct which could reasonably be considered inappropriate in a
professional setting</li></ul><h2id="our-responsibilities"><ahref="#our-responsibilities"class="header-anchor">#</a> Our Responsibilities</h2><p>Project maintainers are responsible for clarifying the standards of acceptable
behavior and are expected to take appropriate and fair corrective action in
response to any instances of unacceptable behavior.</p><p>Project maintainers have the right and responsibility to remove, edit, or
reject comments, commits, code, wiki edits, issues, and other contributions
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when an individual is representing the project or its community. Examples of
representing a project or community include using an official project e-mail
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reported by contacting the project team at [INSERT EMAIL ADDRESS]. All
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is deemed necessary and appropriate to the circumstances. The project team is
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Further details of specific enforcement policies may be posted separately.</p><p>Project maintainers who do not follow or enforce the Code of Conduct in good
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