Update golang.org/x/oauth2 commit hash to 5d25da1 (#376 )

Co-authored-by: Renovate Bot <bot@renovateapp.com>
Update golang.org/x/crypto commit hash to 5c72a88 (#328 )
2026-02-27 23:43:49 +00:00 · 2020-09-05 15:28:03 +09:00 · 2020-09-03 06:54:16 +09:00 · 2020-09-03 06:45:35 +09:00 · 2020-09-03 06:44:46 +09:00 · 2020-09-02 12:05:56 +09:00
73 changed files with 1730 additions and 1056 deletions
--- a/.circleci/Makefile
+++ b/.circleci/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+.PHONY: all
+all:
+
+.PHONY: install-test-deps
+install-test-deps:
+	go get -v github.com/int128/goxzst
+
+.PHONY: install-release-deps
+install-release-deps: go
+	go get -v github.com/int128/goxzst github.com/int128/ghcp
+
+go:
+	curl -sSfL -o go.tgz "https://golang.org/dl/go`ruby go_version_from_config.rb < config.yml`.darwin-amd64.tar.gz"
+	tar -xf go.tgz
+	rm go.tgz
+	./go/bin/go version
--- a/.circleci/config.yml
+++ b/.circleci/config.yml
@@ -3,15 +3,16 @@ version: 2.1
 jobs:
  test:
    docker:
-      - image: cimg/go:1.14.4
+      - image: cimg/go:1.14.7
    steps:
-      - run: curl -sSfL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/golangci/golangci-lint/master/install.sh | sh -s -- -b $(go env GOPATH)/bin v1.24.0
      - checkout
      - restore_cache:
          keys:
            - go-sum-{{ checksum "go.sum" }}
+      - run: make -C .circleci install-test-deps
      - run: make check
      - run: bash <(curl -s https://codecov.io/bash)
+      - run: make dist
      - save_cache:
          key: go-sum-{{ checksum "go.sum" }}
          paths:
@@ -19,20 +20,17 @@ jobs:
      - store_artifacts:
          path: gotest.log

-  crossbuild:
+  release:
    macos:
+      # https://circleci.com/docs/2.0/testing-ios/
      xcode: 11.5.0
    steps:
-      - run: |
-          curl -sSfL https://dl.google.com/go/go1.14.4.darwin-amd64.tar.gz | tar -C /tmp -xz
-          echo 'export PATH="$PATH:/tmp/go/bin:$HOME/go/bin"' >> $BASH_ENV
+      - run: echo 'export PATH="$HOME/go/bin:$PWD/.circleci/go/bin:$PATH"' >> $BASH_ENV
      - checkout
      - restore_cache:
          keys:
            - go-macos-{{ checksum "go.sum" }}
-      - run:
-          command: go get -v github.com/int128/goxzst github.com/int128/ghcp
-          working_directory: .circleci
+      - run: make -C .circleci install-release-deps
      - run: make dist
      - run: |
          if [ "$CIRCLE_TAG" ]; then
@@ -50,11 +48,13 @@ workflows:
      - test:
          filters:
            tags:
-              only: /.*/
-      - crossbuild:
+              only: /^v.*/
+      - release:
          context: open-source
          requires:
            - test
          filters:
+            branches:
+              only: /^release-feature.*/
            tags:
-              only: /.*/
+              only: /^v.*/
--- a/.circleci/go_version_from_config.rb
+++ b/.circleci/go_version_from_config.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+require 'yaml'
+
+config = YAML.load(STDIN)
+
+image = config["jobs"]["test"]["docker"][0]["image"]
+if !image.start_with?("cimg/go:")
+  raise "unknown image #{image} in #{configPath}"
+end
+
+goVersion = image.delete_prefix("cimg/go:")
+print(goVersion)
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.md
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.md
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+---
+name: Bug report
+about: Create a report to help us improve
+title: ''
+labels: bug
+assignees: ''
+
+---
+
+**Describe the bug**
+A clear and concise description of what the bug is.
+
+**To Reproduce**
+Steps to reproduce the behavior.
+
+**Expected behavior**
+A clear and concise description of what you expected to happen.
+
+**Environment**
+ - OS: [e.g. macOS, Linux]
+ - kubelogin version: [e.g. 1.19.3]
+ - kubectl version: [e.g. 1.19]
+ - OpenID Connect provider: [e.g. Google, Okta]
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.md
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.md
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+---
+name: Feature request
+about: Suggest an idea for this project
+title: ''
+labels: enhancement
+assignees: ''
+
+---
+
+**Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.**
+A clear and concise description of what the problem is. Ex. I'm always frustrated when [...]
+
+**Describe the solution you'd like**
+A clear and concise description of what you want to happen.
+
+**Describe alternatives you've considered**
+A clear and concise description of any alternative solutions or features you've considered.
--- a/.github/renovate.json
+++ b/.github/renovate.json
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+{
+  "extends": [
+    "config:base"
+  ],
+  "postUpdateOptions": [
+    "gomodTidy"
+  ]
+}
--- a/.github/workflows/acceptance-test.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/acceptance-test.yaml
@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-on: [push]
-jobs:
-  acceptance-test:
-    # https://help.github.com/en/actions/automating-your-workflow-with-github-actions/software-installed-on-github-hosted-runners#ubuntu-1804-lts
-    runs-on: ubuntu-18.04
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v1
-        with:
-          go-version: 1.14.1
-        id: go
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v1
-      - uses: actions/cache@v1
-        with:
-          path: ~/go/pkg/mod
-          key: go-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
-          restore-keys: |
-            go-
-      # https://kind.sigs.k8s.io/docs/user/quick-start/
-      - run: |
-          wget -q -O ./kind "https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kind/releases/download/v0.8.1/kind-linux-amd64"
-          chmod +x ./kind
-          sudo mv ./kind /usr/local/bin/kind
-          kind version
-      # https://packages.ubuntu.com/xenial/libnss3-tools
-      - run: sudo apt install -y libnss3-tools
-      - run: echo '127.0.0.1 dex-server' | sudo tee -a /etc/hosts
-      - run: make -C acceptance_test -j3 setup
-      - run: make -C acceptance_test test
--- a/.github/workflows/golangci-lint.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/golangci-lint.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+on:
+  push:
+    paths:
+      - .github/workflows/golangci-lint.yaml
+      - '**.go'
+jobs:
+  golangci:
+    name: lint
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@v2
+        with:
+          version: v1.30
--- a/.github/workflows/system-test.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/system-test.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+on:
+  push:
+    paths: 
+      - .github/workflows/system-test.yaml
+      - system_test/**
+      - pkg/**
+      - go.*
+jobs:
+  system-test:
+    # https://help.github.com/en/actions/automating-your-workflow-with-github-actions/software-installed-on-github-hosted-runners#ubuntu-1804-lts
+    runs-on: ubuntu-18.04
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v2
+        with:
+          go-version: 1.14
+        id: go
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - uses: actions/cache@v2
+        with:
+          path: ~/go/pkg/mod
+          key: go-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
+          restore-keys: |
+            go-
+      # https://packages.ubuntu.com/xenial/libnss3-tools
+      - run: sudo apt update
+      - run: sudo apt install -y libnss3-tools
+      - run: echo '127.0.0.1 dex-server' | sudo tee -a /etc/hosts
+      - run: make -C system_test -j3 setup
+      - run: make -C system_test test
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /.idea

+/system_test/output/
 /acceptance_test/output/

 /dist/output
@@ -8,3 +9,5 @@

 /kubelogin
 /kubectl-oidc_login
+
+/.circleci/go/
--- a/1
+++ b/1
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ $(TARGET): $(wildcard **/*.go)

 .PHONY: check
 check:
-	golangci-lint run
 	go test -v -race -cover -coverprofile=coverage.out ./... > gotest.log

 .PHONY: dist
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-# kubelogin [![CircleCI](https://circleci.com/gh/int128/kubelogin.svg?style=shield)](https://circleci.com/gh/int128/kubelogin) ![acceptance-test](https://github.com/int128/kubelogin/workflows/acceptance-test/badge.svg) [![Go Report Card](https://goreportcard.com/badge/github.com/int128/kubelogin)](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/int128/kubelogin)
+# kubelogin [![CircleCI](https://circleci.com/gh/int128/kubelogin.svg?style=shield)](https://circleci.com/gh/int128/kubelogin) [![Go Report Card](https://goreportcard.com/badge/github.com/int128/kubelogin)](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/int128/kubelogin)

 This is a kubectl plugin for [Kubernetes OpenID Connect (OIDC) authentication](https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/access-authn-authz/authentication/#openid-connect-tokens), also known as `kubectl oidc-login`.

 Here is an example of Kubernetes authentication with the Google Identity Platform:

-<img alt="screencast" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/321266/70971501-7bcebc80-20e4-11ea-8afc-539dcaea0aa8.gif" width="652" height="455">
+<img alt="screencast" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/321266/85427290-86e43700-b5b6-11ea-9e97-ffefd736c9b7.gif" width="572" height="391">

 Kubelogin is designed to run as a [client-go credential plugin](https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/access-authn-authz/authentication/#client-go-credential-plugins).
 When you run kubectl, kubelogin opens the browser and you can log in to the provider.
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ Take a look at the diagram:

 ### Setup

-Install the latest release from [Homebrew](https://brew.sh/), [Krew](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/krew) or [GitHub Releases](https://github.com/int128/kubelogin/releases).
+Install the latest release from [Homebrew](https://brew.sh/), [Krew](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/krew), [Chocolatey](https://chocolatey.org/packages/kubelogin) or [GitHub Releases](https://github.com/int128/kubelogin/releases).

 ```sh
 # Homebrew (macOS and Linux)
@@ -26,6 +26,9 @@ brew install int128/kubelogin/kubelogin

 # Krew (macOS, Linux, Windows and ARM)
 kubectl krew install oidc-login
+
+# Chocolatey (Windows)
+choco install kubelogin
 ```

 You need to set up the OIDC provider, cluster role binding, Kubernetes API server and kubeconfig.
@@ -46,7 +49,7 @@ users:
      - --oidc-client-secret=YOUR_CLIENT_SECRET
 ```

-See [the setup guide](docs/setup.md) for more.
+See [setup guide](docs/setup.md) for more.


 ### Run
@@ -83,219 +86,29 @@ If the refresh token has expired, kubelogin will perform reauthentication.
 You can log out by removing the token cache directory (default `~/.kube/cache/oidc-login`).
 Kubelogin will perform authentication if the token cache file does not exist.

-You can dump the claims of token by passing `-v1` option.
+You can dump claims of an ID token by `setup` command.

-```
-I0221 21:54:08.151850   28231 get_token.go:104] you got a token: {
+```console
+% kubectl oidc-login setup --oidc-issuer-url https://accounts.google.com --oidc-client-id REDACTED --oidc-client-secret REDACTED
+...
+You got a token with the following claims:
+
+{
  "sub": "********",
  "iss": "https://accounts.google.com",
  "aud": "********",
-  "iat": 1582289639,
-  "exp": 1582293239,
-  "jti": "********",
-  "nonce": "********",
-  "at_hash": "********"
+  ...
 }
 ```

+You can verify kubelogin works with your provider using [acceptance test](acceptance_test).

-## Usage

-This document is for the development version.
-If you are looking for a specific version, see [the release tags](https://github.com/int128/kubelogin/tags).
+## Docs

-Kubelogin supports the following options:
-
-```
-Usage:
-  kubelogin get-token [flags]
-
-Flags:
-      --oidc-issuer-url string                          Issuer URL of the provider (mandatory)
-      --oidc-client-id string                           Client ID of the provider (mandatory)
-      --oidc-client-secret string                       Client secret of the provider
-      --oidc-extra-scope strings                        Scopes to request to the provider
-      --certificate-authority string                    Path to a cert file for the certificate authority
-      --certificate-authority-data string               Base64 encoded data for the certificate authority
-      --insecure-skip-tls-verify                        If true, the server's certificate will not be checked for validity. This will make your HTTPS connections insecure
-      --token-cache-dir string                          Path to a directory for caching tokens (default "~/.kube/cache/oidc-login")
-      --grant-type string                               The authorization grant type to use. One of (auto|authcode|authcode-keyboard|password) (default "auto")
-      --listen-address strings                          Address to bind to the local server. If multiple addresses are given, it will try binding in order (default [127.0.0.1:8000,127.0.0.1:18000])
-      --listen-port ints                                (Deprecated: use --listen-address)
-      --skip-open-browser                               If true, it does not open the browser on authentication
-      --oidc-redirect-url-hostname string               Hostname of the redirect URL (default "localhost")
-      --oidc-auth-request-extra-params stringToString   Extra query parameters to send with an authentication request (default [])
-      --username string                                 If set, perform the resource owner password credentials grant
-      --password string                                 If set, use the password instead of asking it
-  -h, --help                                            help for get-token
-
-Global Flags:
-      --add_dir_header                   If true, adds the file directory to the header
-      --alsologtostderr                  log to standard error as well as files
-      --log_backtrace_at traceLocation   when logging hits line file:N, emit a stack trace (default :0)
-      --log_dir string                   If non-empty, write log files in this directory
-      --log_file string                  If non-empty, use this log file
-      --log_file_max_size uint           Defines the maximum size a log file can grow to. Unit is megabytes. If the value is 0, the maximum file size is unlimited. (default 1800)
-      --logtostderr                      log to standard error instead of files (default true)
-      --skip_headers                     If true, avoid header prefixes in the log messages
-      --skip_log_headers                 If true, avoid headers when opening log files
-      --stderrthreshold severity         logs at or above this threshold go to stderr (default 2)
-  -v, --v Level                          number for the log level verbosity
-      --vmodule moduleSpec               comma-separated list of pattern=N settings for file-filtered logging
-```
-
-See also the options of [standalone mode](docs/standalone-mode.md).
-
-### Extra scopes
-
-You can set the extra scopes to request to the provider by `--oidc-extra-scope`.
-
-```yaml
-      - --oidc-extra-scope=email
-      - --oidc-extra-scope=profile
-```
-
-### CA Certificate
-
-You can use your self-signed certificate for the provider.
-
-```yaml
-      - --certificate-authority=/home/user/.kube/keycloak-ca.pem
-      - --certificate-authority-data=LS0t...
-```
-
-### HTTP Proxy
-
-You can set the following environment variables if you are behind a proxy: `HTTP_PROXY`, `HTTPS_PROXY` and `NO_PROXY`.
-See also [net/http#ProxyFromEnvironment](https://golang.org/pkg/net/http/#ProxyFromEnvironment).
-
-### Authentication flows
-
-#### Authorization code flow
-
-Kubelogin performs the authorization code flow by default.
-
-It starts the local server at port 8000 or 18000 by default.
-You need to register the following redirect URIs to the provider:
-
- `http://localhost:8000`
- `http://localhost:18000` (used if port 8000 is already in use)
-
-You can change the listening address.
-
-```yaml
-      - --listen-address=127.0.0.1:12345
-      - --listen-address=127.0.0.1:23456
-```
-
-You can change the hostname of redirect URI from the default value `localhost`.
-
-```yaml
-      - --oidc-redirect-url-hostname=127.0.0.1
-```
-
-You can add extra parameters to the authentication request.
-
-```yaml
-      - --oidc-auth-request-extra-params=ttl=86400
-```
-
-#### Authorization code flow with keyboard interactive
-
-If you cannot access the browser, instead use the authorization code flow with keyboard interactive.
-
-```yaml
-      - --grant-type=authcode-keyboard
-```
-
-Kubelogin will show the URL and prompt.
-Open the URL in the browser and then copy the code shown.
-
-```
-% kubectl get pods
-Open https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/v2/auth?access_type=offline&client_id=...
-Enter code: YOUR_CODE
-```
-
-Note that this flow uses the redirect URI `urn:ietf:wg:oauth:2.0:oob` and
-some OIDC providers do not support it.
-
-You can add extra parameters to the authentication request.
-
-```yaml
-      - --oidc-auth-request-extra-params=ttl=86400
-```
-
-#### Resource owner password credentials grant flow
-
-Kubelogin performs the resource owner password credentials grant flow
-when `--grant-type=password` or `--username` is set.
-
-Note that most OIDC providers do not support this flow.
-Keycloak supports this flow but you need to explicitly enable the "Direct Access Grants" feature in the client settings.
-
-You can set the username and password.
-
-```yaml
-      - --username=USERNAME
-      - --password=PASSWORD
-```
-
-If the password is not set, kubelogin will show the prompt for the password.
-
-```yaml
-      - --username=USERNAME
-```
-
-```
-% kubectl get pods
-Password:
-```
-
-If the username is not set, kubelogin will show the prompt for the username and password.
-
-```yaml
-      - --grant-type=password
-```
-
-```
-% kubectl get pods
-Username: foo
-Password:
-```
-
-### Docker
-
-You can run [the Docker image](https://quay.io/repository/int128/kubelogin) instead of the binary.
-The kubeconfig looks like:
-
-```yaml
-users:
- name: oidc
-  user:
-    exec:
-      apiVersion: client.authentication.k8s.io/v1beta1
-      command: docker
-      args:
-      - run
-      - --rm
-      - -v
-      - /tmp/.token-cache:/.token-cache
-      - -p
-      - 8000:8000
-      - quay.io/int128/kubelogin
-      - get-token
-      - --token-cache-dir=/.token-cache
-      - --listen-address=0.0.0.0:8000
-      - --oidc-issuer-url=ISSUER_URL
-      - --oidc-client-id=YOUR_CLIENT_ID
-      - --oidc-client-secret=YOUR_CLIENT_SECRET
-```
-
-Known limitations:
-
- It cannot open the browser automatically.
- The container port and listen port must be equal for consistency of the redirect URI.
+- [Setup guide](docs/setup.md)
+- [Usage and options](docs/usage.md)
+- [Standalone mode](docs/standalone-mode.md) (deprecated)


 ## Related works
@@ -323,4 +136,6 @@ make
 ./kubelogin
 ```

-See also [the acceptance test](acceptance_test).
+### System test
+
+See [system test](system_test) for more.
--- a/acceptance_test/Makefile
+++ b/acceptance_test/Makefile
@@ -1,100 +1,31 @@
 CLUSTER_NAME := kubelogin-acceptance-test
 OUTPUT_DIR := $(CURDIR)/output

-PATH := $(PATH):$(OUTPUT_DIR)/bin
-export PATH
 KUBECONFIG := $(OUTPUT_DIR)/kubeconfig.yaml
 export KUBECONFIG

-# run the login script instead of opening chrome
-BROWSER := $(OUTPUT_DIR)/bin/chromelogin
-export BROWSER
-
-.PHONY: test
-test: build
-	# see the setup instruction
-	kubectl oidc-login setup \
-		--oidc-issuer-url=https://dex-server:10443/dex \
-		--oidc-client-id=YOUR_CLIENT_ID \
-		--oidc-client-secret=YOUR_CLIENT_SECRET \
-		--oidc-extra-scope=email \
-		--certificate-authority=$(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.crt
-	# set up the kubeconfig
-	kubectl config set-credentials oidc \
-		--exec-api-version=client.authentication.k8s.io/v1beta1 \
-		--exec-command=kubectl \
-		--exec-arg=oidc-login \
-		--exec-arg=get-token \
-		--exec-arg=--oidc-issuer-url=https://dex-server:10443/dex \
-		--exec-arg=--oidc-client-id=YOUR_CLIENT_ID \
-		--exec-arg=--oidc-client-secret=YOUR_CLIENT_SECRET \
-		--exec-arg=--oidc-extra-scope=email \
-		--exec-arg=--certificate-authority=$(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.crt
-	# make sure we can access the cluster
-	kubectl --user=oidc cluster-info
-	# switch the current context
-	kubectl config set-context --current --user=oidc
-	# make sure we can access the cluster
-	kubectl cluster-info
-
-.PHONY: setup
-setup: build dex cluster setup-chrome
-
-.PHONY: setup-chrome
-setup-chrome: $(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.crt
-	# add the dex server certificate to the trust store
-	mkdir -p ~/.pki/nssdb
-	cd ~/.pki/nssdb && certutil -A -d sql:. -n dex -i $(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.crt -t "TC,,"
-
-# build binaries
-.PHONY: build
-build: $(OUTPUT_DIR)/bin/kubectl-oidc_login $(OUTPUT_DIR)/bin/chromelogin
-$(OUTPUT_DIR)/bin/kubectl-oidc_login:
-	go build -o $@ ..
-$(OUTPUT_DIR)/bin/chromelogin: chromelogin/main.go
-	go build -o $@ ./chromelogin
-
-# create a Dex server
-.PHONY: dex
-dex: $(OUTPUT_DIR)/server.crt $(OUTPUT_DIR)/server.key
-	docker create --name dex-server -p 10443:10443 --network kind quay.io/dexidp/dex:v2.21.0 serve /dex.yaml
-	docker cp $(OUTPUT_DIR)/server.crt dex-server:/
-	docker cp $(OUTPUT_DIR)/server.key dex-server:/
-	docker cp dex.yaml dex-server:/
-	docker start dex-server
-	docker logs dex-server
-
-$(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.key:
-	mkdir -p $(OUTPUT_DIR)
-	openssl genrsa -out $@ 2048
-$(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.csr: $(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.key
-	openssl req -new -key $(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.key -out $@ -subj "/CN=dex-ca" -config openssl.cnf
-$(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.crt: $(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.key $(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.csr
-	openssl x509 -req -in $(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.csr -signkey $(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.key -out $@ -days 10
-$(OUTPUT_DIR)/server.key:
-	mkdir -p $(OUTPUT_DIR)
-	openssl genrsa -out $@ 2048
-$(OUTPUT_DIR)/server.csr: openssl.cnf $(OUTPUT_DIR)/server.key
-	openssl req -new -key $(OUTPUT_DIR)/server.key -out $@ -subj "/CN=dex-server" -config openssl.cnf
-$(OUTPUT_DIR)/server.crt: openssl.cnf $(OUTPUT_DIR)/server.csr $(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.crt $(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.key
-	openssl x509 -req -in $(OUTPUT_DIR)/server.csr -CA $(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.crt -CAkey $(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.key -CAcreateserial -out $@ -sha256 -days 10 -extensions v3_req -extfile openssl.cnf
-
 # create a Kubernetes cluster
 .PHONY: cluster
-cluster: dex create-cluster
-	# add the Dex container IP to /etc/hosts of kube-apiserver
-	docker inspect -f '{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}' dex-server | sed -e 's,$$, dex-server,' | \
-		kubectl -n kube-system exec -i kube-apiserver-$(CLUSTER_NAME)-control-plane -- tee -a /etc/hosts
-	# wait for kube-apiserver oidc initialization
-	# (oidc authenticator will retry oidc discovery every 10s)
-	sleep 10
-
-.PHONY: create-cluster
-create-cluster: $(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.crt
-	cp $(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.crt /tmp/kubelogin-acceptance-test-dex-ca.crt
-	kind create cluster --name $(CLUSTER_NAME) --config cluster.yaml
+cluster:
+	# create a cluster
+	mkdir -p $(OUTPUT_DIR)
+	sed -e "s|OIDC_ISSUER_URL|$(OIDC_ISSUER_URL)|" -e "s|OIDC_CLIENT_ID|$(OIDC_CLIENT_ID)|" cluster.yaml > $(OUTPUT_DIR)/cluster.yaml
+	kind create cluster --name $(CLUSTER_NAME) --config $(OUTPUT_DIR)/cluster.yaml
+	# set up access control
 	kubectl create clusterrole cluster-readonly --verb=get,watch,list --resource='*.*'
-	kubectl create clusterrolebinding cluster-readonly --clusterrole=cluster-readonly --user=admin@example.com
+	kubectl create clusterrolebinding cluster-readonly --clusterrole=cluster-readonly --user=$(YOUR_EMAIL)
+	# set up kubectl
+	kubectl config set-credentials oidc \
+		--exec-api-version=client.authentication.k8s.io/v1beta1 \
+		--exec-command=$(CURDIR)/../kubelogin \
+		--exec-arg=get-token \
+		--exec-arg=--token-cache-dir=$(OUTPUT_DIR)/token-cache \
+		--exec-arg=--oidc-issuer-url=$(OIDC_ISSUER_URL) \
+		--exec-arg=--oidc-client-id=$(OIDC_CLIENT_ID) \
+		--exec-arg=--oidc-client-secret=$(OIDC_CLIENT_SECRET) \
+		--exec-arg=--oidc-extra-scope=email
+	# switch the default user
+	kubectl config set-context --current --user=oidc

 # clean up the resources
 .PHONY: clean
@@ -103,7 +34,9 @@ clean:
 .PHONY: delete-cluster
 delete-cluster:
 	kind delete cluster --name $(CLUSTER_NAME)
-.PHONY: delete-dex
-delete-dex:
-	docker stop dex-server
-	docker rm dex-server
+
+.PHONY: check
+check:
+	docker version
+	kind version
+	kubectl version --client
--- a/acceptance_test/README.md
+++ b/acceptance_test/README.md
@@ -1,109 +1,75 @@
 # kubelogin/acceptance_test

-This is an acceptance test for walkthrough of the OIDC initial setup and plugin behavior using a real Kubernetes cluster and OpenID Connect provider, running on [GitHub Actions](https://github.com/int128/kubelogin/actions?query=workflow%3Aacceptance-test).
-
-It is intended to verify the following points:
-
- User can set up Kubernetes OIDC authentication and this plugin.
- User can access a cluster after login.
-
-It performs the test using the following components:
-
- Kubernetes cluster (Kind)
- OIDC provider (Dex)
- Browser (Chrome)
- kubectl command
+This is a manual test for verifying Kubernetes OIDC authentication with your OIDC provider.


-## How it works
+## Purpose

-Let's take a look at the diagram.
+This test checks the following points:

-![diagram](../docs/acceptance-test-diagram.svg)
-
-It prepares the following resources:
-
-1. Generate a pair of CA certificate and TLS server certificate for Dex.
-1. Run Dex on a container.
-1. Create a Kubernetes cluster using Kind.
-1. Mutate `/etc/hosts` of the CI machine to access Dex.
-1. Mutate `/etc/hosts` of the kube-apiserver pod to access Dex.
-
-It performs the test by the following steps:
-
-1. Run kubectl.
-1. kubectl automatically runs kubelogin.
-1. kubelogin automatically runs [chromelogin](chromelogin).
-1. chromelogin opens the browser, navigates to `http://localhost:8000` and enter the username and password.
-1. kubelogin gets an authorization code from the browser.
-1. kubelogin gets a token.
-1. kubectl accesses an API with the token.
-1. kube-apiserver verifies the token by Dex.
-1. Check if kubectl exited with code 0.
+1. You can set up your OIDC provider using [setup guide](../docs/setup.md).
+1. The plugin works with your OIDC provider.


-## Run locally
+## Getting Started

-You need to set up the following components:
+### Prerequisite
+
+You need to build the plugin into the parent directory.
+
+```sh
+make -C ..
+```
+
+You need to set up your provider.
+See [setup guide](../docs/setup.md) for more.
+
+You need to install the following tools:

 - Docker
 - Kind
- Chrome or Chromium
+- kubectl

-You need to add the following line to `/etc/hosts` so that the browser can access the Dex.
+You can check if the tools are available.

-```
-127.0.0.1 dex-server
+```sh
+make check
 ```

-Run the test.
+### 1. Create a cluster

-```shell script
-# run the test
-make
+Create a cluster.
+For example, you can create a cluster with Google account authentication.

-# clean up
+```sh
+make OIDC_ISSUER_URL=https://accounts.google.com \
+  OIDC_CLIENT_ID=REDACTED.apps.googleusercontent.com \
+  OIDC_CLIENT_SECRET=REDACTED \
+  YOUR_EMAIL=REDACTED@gmail.com
+```
+
+It will do the following steps:
+
+1. Create a cluster.
+1. Set up access control. It allows read-only access from your email address.
+1. Set up kubectl to enable the plugin.
+
+You can change kubectl configuration in generated `output/kubeconfig.yaml`.
+
+### 2. Run kubectl
+
+Make sure you can log in to the provider and access the cluster.
+
+```console
+% export KUBECONFIG=$PWD/output/kubeconfig.yaml
+% kubectl get pods -A
+```
+
+### Clean up
+
+To delete the cluster and generated files:
+
+```sh
 make delete-cluster
-make delete-dex
+make clean
 ```
-
-
-## Technical consideration
-
-### Network and DNS
-
-Consider the following issues:
-
- kube-apiserver runs on the host network of the kind container.
- kube-apiserver cannot resolve a service name by kube-dns.
- kube-apiserver cannot access a cluster IP.
- kube-apiserver can access another container via the Docker network.
- Chrome requires exactly match of domain name between Dex URL and a server certificate.
-
-Consequently,
-
- kube-apiserver accesses Dex by resolving `/etc/hosts` and via the Docker network.
- kubelogin and Chrome accesses Dex by resolving `/etc/hosts` and via the Docker network.
-
-### TLS server certificate
-
-Consider the following issues:
-
- kube-apiserver requires `--oidc-issuer` is HTTPS URL.
- kube-apiserver requires a CA certificate at startup, if `--oidc-ca-file` is given.
- kube-apiserver mounts `/usr/local/share/ca-certificates` from the kind container.
- It is possible to mount a file from the CI machine.
- It is not possible to issue a certificate using Let's Encrypt in runtime.
- Chrome requires a valid certificate in `~/.pki/nssdb`.
-
-As a result,
-
- kube-apiserver uses the CA certificate of `/usr/local/share/ca-certificates/dex-ca.crt`. See the `extraMounts` section of [`cluster.yaml`](cluster.yaml).
- kubelogin uses the CA certificate in `output/ca.crt`.
- Chrome uses the CA certificate in `~/.pki/nssdb`.
-
-### Test environment
-
- Set the issuer URL to kubectl. See [`kubeconfig_oidc.yaml`](kubeconfig_oidc.yaml).
- Set the issuer URL to kube-apiserver. See [`cluster.yaml`](cluster.yaml).
- Set `BROWSER` environment variable to run [`chromelogin`](chromelogin) by `xdg-open`.
--- a/acceptance_test/cluster.yaml
+++ b/acceptance_test/cluster.yaml
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 kind: Cluster
 apiVersion: kind.x-k8s.io/v1alpha4
-# https://github.com/dexidp/dex/blob/master/Documentation/kubernetes.md
 kubeadmConfigPatches:
  - |
    apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta2
@@ -9,12 +8,6 @@ kubeadmConfigPatches:
      name: config
    apiServer:
      extraArgs:
-        oidc-issuer-url: https://dex-server:10443/dex
-        oidc-client-id: YOUR_CLIENT_ID
+        oidc-issuer-url: OIDC_ISSUER_URL
+        oidc-client-id: OIDC_CLIENT_ID
        oidc-username-claim: email
-        oidc-ca-file: /usr/local/share/ca-certificates/dex-ca.crt
-nodes:
-  - role: control-plane
-    extraMounts:
-      - hostPath: /tmp/kubelogin-acceptance-test-dex-ca.crt
-        containerPath: /usr/local/share/ca-certificates/dex-ca.crt
--- a/dist/Dockerfile
+++ b/dist/Dockerfile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM alpine:3.11
+FROM alpine:3.12

 ARG KUBELOGIN_VERSION="{{ env "VERSION" }}"
 ARG KUBELOGIN_SHA256="{{ sha256 .linux_amd64_archive }}"
--- a/dist/oidc-login.yaml
+++ b/dist/oidc-login.yaml
@@ -22,8 +22,6 @@ spec:

  caveats: |
    You need to setup the OIDC provider, Kubernetes API server, role binding and kubeconfig.
-    See https://github.com/int128/kubelogin for more.
-
  version: {{ env "VERSION" }}
  platforms:
    - uri: https://github.com/int128/kubelogin/releases/download/{{ env "VERSION" }}/kubelogin_linux_amd64.zip
--- a/docs/setup.md
+++ b/docs/setup.md
@@ -126,6 +126,9 @@ Variable                | Value

 You do not need to set `YOUR_CLIENT_SECRET`.

+If you need `groups` claim for access control,
+see [jetstack/okta-kubectl-auth](https://github.com/jetstack/okta-kubectl-auth/blob/master/docs/okta-setup.md) and [#250](https://github.com/int128/kubelogin/issues/250).
+

 ## 2. Verify authentication

--- a/docs/standalone-mode.md
+++ b/docs/standalone-mode.md
@@ -75,59 +75,6 @@ If the refresh token has expired, kubelogin will proceed the authentication.

 ## Usage

-Kubelogin supports the following options:
-
-```
-% kubectl oidc-login -h
-Login to the OpenID Connect provider.
-
-You need to set up the OIDC provider, role binding, Kubernetes API server and kubeconfig.
-Run the following command to show the setup instruction:
-
-	kubectl oidc-login setup
-
-See https://github.com/int128/kubelogin for more.
-
-Usage:
-  main [flags]
-  main [command]
-
-Available Commands:
-  get-token   Run as a kubectl credential plugin
-  help        Help about any command
-  setup       Show the setup instruction
-  version     Print the version information
-
-Flags:
-      --kubeconfig string                               Path to the kubeconfig file
-      --context string                                  The name of the kubeconfig context to use
-      --user string                                     The name of the kubeconfig user to use. Prior to --context
-      --certificate-authority string                    Path to a cert file for the certificate authority
-      --insecure-skip-tls-verify                        If true, the server's certificate will not be checked for validity. This will make your HTTPS connections insecure
-      --grant-type string                               The authorization grant type to use. One of (auto|authcode|authcode-keyboard|password) (default "auto")
-      --listen-address strings                          Address to bind to the local server. If multiple addresses are given, it will try binding in order (default [127.0.0.1:8000,127.0.0.1:18000])
-      --listen-port ints                                (Deprecated: use --listen-address)
-      --skip-open-browser                               If true, it does not open the browser on authentication
-      --oidc-redirect-url-hostname string               Hostname of the redirect URL (default "localhost")
-      --oidc-auth-request-extra-params stringToString   Extra query parameters to send with an authentication request (default [])
-      --username string                                 If set, perform the resource owner password credentials grant
-      --password string                                 If set, use the password instead of asking it
-      --add_dir_header                                  If true, adds the file directory to the header
-      --alsologtostderr                                 log to standard error as well as files
-      --log_backtrace_at traceLocation                  when logging hits line file:N, emit a stack trace (default :0)
-      --log_dir string                                  If non-empty, write log files in this directory
-      --log_file string                                 If non-empty, use this log file
-      --log_file_max_size uint                          Defines the maximum size a log file can grow to. Unit is megabytes. If the value is 0, the maximum file size is unlimited. (default 1800)
-      --logtostderr                                     log to standard error instead of files (default true)
-      --skip_headers                                    If true, avoid header prefixes in the log messages
-      --skip_log_headers                                If true, avoid headers when opening log files
-      --stderrthreshold severity                        logs at or above this threshold go to stderr (default 2)
-  -v, --v Level                                         number for the log level verbosity
-      --vmodule moduleSpec                              comma-separated list of pattern=N settings for file-filtered logging
-  -h, --help                                            help for kubelogin
-      --version                                         version for kubelogin
-```
-
 ### Kubeconfig

 You can set path to the kubeconfig file by the option or the environment variable just like kubectl.
--- a/docs/acceptance-test-diagram.svg
+++ b/docs/acceptance-test-diagram.svg
--- a/docs/usage.md
+++ b/docs/usage.md
@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+# Usage
+
+Kubelogin supports the following options:
+
+```
+Usage:
+  kubelogin get-token [flags]
+
+Flags:
+      --oidc-issuer-url string                          Issuer URL of the provider (mandatory)
+      --oidc-client-id string                           Client ID of the provider (mandatory)
+      --oidc-client-secret string                       Client secret of the provider
+      --oidc-extra-scope strings                        Scopes to request to the provider
+      --token-cache-dir string                          Path to a directory for token cache (default "~/.kube/cache/oidc-login")
+      --certificate-authority string                    Path to a cert file for the certificate authority
+      --certificate-authority-data string               Base64 encoded cert for the certificate authority
+      --insecure-skip-tls-verify                        If set, the server's certificate will not be checked for validity. This will make your HTTPS connections insecure
+      --grant-type string                               Authorization grant type to use. One of (auto|authcode|authcode-keyboard|password) (default "auto")
+      --listen-address strings                          [authcode] Address to bind to the local server. If multiple addresses are set, it will try binding in order (default [127.0.0.1:8000,127.0.0.1:18000])
+      --skip-open-browser                               [authcode] Do not open the browser automatically
+      --open-url-after-authentication string            [authcode] If set, open the URL in the browser after authentication
+      --oidc-redirect-url-hostname string               [authcode] Hostname of the redirect URL (default "localhost")
+      --oidc-auth-request-extra-params stringToString   [authcode, authcode-keyboard] Extra query parameters to send with an authentication request (default [])
+      --username string                                 [password] Username for resource owner password credentials grant
+      --password string                                 [password] Password for resource owner password credentials grant
+  -h, --help                                            help for get-token
+
+Global Flags:
+      --add_dir_header                   If true, adds the file directory to the header
+      --alsologtostderr                  log to standard error as well as files
+      --log_backtrace_at traceLocation   when logging hits line file:N, emit a stack trace (default :0)
+      --log_dir string                   If non-empty, write log files in this directory
+      --log_file string                  If non-empty, use this log file
+      --log_file_max_size uint           Defines the maximum size a log file can grow to. Unit is megabytes. If the value is 0, the maximum file size is unlimited. (default 1800)
+      --logtostderr                      log to standard error instead of files (default true)
+      --skip_headers                     If true, avoid header prefixes in the log messages
+      --skip_log_headers                 If true, avoid headers when opening log files
+      --stderrthreshold severity         logs at or above this threshold go to stderr (default 2)
+  -v, --v Level                          number for the log level verbosity
+      --vmodule moduleSpec               comma-separated list of pattern=N settings for file-filtered logging
+```
+
+
+## Options
+
+### Extra scopes
+
+You can set the extra scopes to request to the provider by `--oidc-extra-scope`.
+
+```yaml
+      - --oidc-extra-scope=email
+      - --oidc-extra-scope=profile
+```
+
+### CA Certificate
+
+You can use your self-signed certificate for the provider.
+
+```yaml
+      - --certificate-authority=/home/user/.kube/keycloak-ca.pem
+      - --certificate-authority-data=LS0t...
+```
+
+### HTTP Proxy
+
+You can set the following environment variables if you are behind a proxy: `HTTP_PROXY`, `HTTPS_PROXY` and `NO_PROXY`.
+See also [net/http#ProxyFromEnvironment](https://golang.org/pkg/net/http/#ProxyFromEnvironment).
+
+
+## Authentication flows
+
+Kubelogin support the following flows:
+
+- Authorization code flow
+- Authorization code flow with a keyboard
+- Resource owner password credentials grant flow
+
+### Authorization code flow
+
+Kubelogin performs the authorization code flow by default.
+
+It starts the local server at port 8000 or 18000 by default.
+You need to register the following redirect URIs to the provider:
+
+- `http://localhost:8000`
+- `http://localhost:18000` (used if port 8000 is already in use)
+
+You can change the listening address.
+
+```yaml
+      - --listen-address=127.0.0.1:12345
+      - --listen-address=127.0.0.1:23456
+```
+
+You can change the hostname of redirect URI from the default value `localhost`.
+
+```yaml
+      - --oidc-redirect-url-hostname=127.0.0.1
+```
+
+You can add extra parameters to the authentication request.
+
+```yaml
+      - --oidc-auth-request-extra-params=ttl=86400
+```
+
+When authentication completed, kubelogin shows a message to close the browser.
+You can change the URL to show after authentication.
+
+```yaml
+      - --open-url-after-authentication=https://example.com/success.html
+```
+
+You can skip opening the browser if you encounter some environment problem.
+
+```yaml
+      - --skip-open-browser
+```
+
+For Linux users, you change the default browser by `BROWSER` environment variable.
+
+### Authorization code flow with a keyboard
+
+If you cannot access the browser, instead use the authorization code flow with a keyboard.
+
+```yaml
+      - --grant-type=authcode-keyboard
+```
+
+Kubelogin will show the URL and prompt.
+Open the URL in the browser and then copy the code shown.
+
+```
+% kubectl get pods
+Open https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/v2/auth?access_type=offline&client_id=...
+Enter code: YOUR_CODE
+```
+
+Note that this flow uses the redirect URI `urn:ietf:wg:oauth:2.0:oob` and some OIDC providers do not support it.
+
+You can add extra parameters to the authentication request.
+
+```yaml
+      - --oidc-auth-request-extra-params=ttl=86400
+```
+
+### Resource owner password credentials grant flow
+
+Kubelogin performs the resource owner password credentials grant flow
+when `--grant-type=password` or `--username` is set.
+
+Note that most OIDC providers do not support this flow.
+Keycloak supports this flow but you need to explicitly enable the "Direct Access Grants" feature in the client settings.
+
+You can set the username and password.
+
+```yaml
+      - --username=USERNAME
+      - --password=PASSWORD
+```
+
+If the password is not set, kubelogin will show the prompt for the password.
+
+```yaml
+      - --username=USERNAME
+```
+
+```
+% kubectl get pods
+Password:
+```
+
+If the username is not set, kubelogin will show the prompt for the username and password.
+
+```yaml
+      - --grant-type=password
+```
+
+```
+% kubectl get pods
+Username: foo
+Password:
+```
+
+## Run in Docker
+
+You can run [the Docker image](https://quay.io/repository/int128/kubelogin) instead of the binary.
+The kubeconfig looks like:
+
+```yaml
+users:
+- name: oidc
+  user:
+    exec:
+      apiVersion: client.authentication.k8s.io/v1beta1
+      command: docker
+      args:
+      - run
+      - --rm
+      - -v
+      - /tmp/.token-cache:/.token-cache
+      - -p
+      - 8000:8000
+      - quay.io/int128/kubelogin
+      - get-token
+      - --token-cache-dir=/.token-cache
+      - --listen-address=0.0.0.0:8000
+      - --oidc-issuer-url=ISSUER_URL
+      - --oidc-client-id=YOUR_CLIENT_ID
+      - --oidc-client-secret=YOUR_CLIENT_SECRET
+```
+
+Known limitations:
+
+- It cannot open the browser automatically.
+- The container port and listen port must be equal for consistency of the redirect URI.
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@@ -6,21 +6,22 @@ require (
 	github.com/chromedp/chromedp v0.5.3
 	github.com/coreos/go-oidc v2.2.1+incompatible
 	github.com/dgrijalva/jwt-go v3.2.0+incompatible
-	github.com/golang/mock v1.4.3
-	github.com/google/go-cmp v0.4.1
+	github.com/golang/mock v1.4.4
+	github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.2
 	github.com/google/wire v0.4.0
-	github.com/int128/oauth2cli v1.11.0
+	github.com/int128/oauth2cli v1.13.0
 	github.com/pkg/browser v0.0.0-20180916011732-0a3d74bf9ce4
 	github.com/pquerna/cachecontrol v0.0.0-20180517163645-1555304b9b35 // indirect
 	github.com/spf13/cobra v1.0.0
 	github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.5
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20200220183623-bac4c82f6975
-	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20200107190931-bf48bf16ab8d
-	golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20200317015054-43a5402ce75a
-	golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191204190536-9bdfabe68543
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20200820211705-5c72a883971a
+	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20200902213428-5d25da1a8d43
+	golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20200625203802-6e8e738ad208
+	golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20200804184101-5ec99f83aff1
+	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.25.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/square/go-jose.v2 v2.3.1 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.3.0
-	k8s.io/apimachinery v0.18.3
-	k8s.io/client-go v0.18.3
+	k8s.io/apimachinery v0.19.0
+	k8s.io/client-go v0.19.0
 	k8s.io/klog v1.0.0
 )
--- a/go.sum
+++ b/go.sum
@@ -1,14 +1,50 @@
 cloud.google.com/go v0.26.0/go.mod h1:aQUYkXzVsufM+DwF1aE+0xfcU+56JwCaLick0ClmMTw=
 cloud.google.com/go v0.34.0/go.mod h1:aQUYkXzVsufM+DwF1aE+0xfcU+56JwCaLick0ClmMTw=
 cloud.google.com/go v0.38.0/go.mod h1:990N+gfupTy94rShfmMCWGDn0LpTmnzTp2qbd1dvSRU=
+cloud.google.com/go v0.44.1/go.mod h1:iSa0KzasP4Uvy3f1mN/7PiObzGgflwredwwASm/v6AU=
+cloud.google.com/go v0.44.2/go.mod h1:60680Gw3Yr4ikxnPRS/oxxkBccT6SA1yMk63TGekxKY=
+cloud.google.com/go v0.45.1/go.mod h1:RpBamKRgapWJb87xiFSdk4g1CME7QZg3uwTez+TSTjc=
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@@ -18,12 +54,17 @@ github.com/alecthomas/units v0.0.0-20151022065526-2efee857e7cf/go.mod h1:ybxpYRF
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@@ -109,19 +187,21 @@ github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru v0.5.0/go.mod h1:/m3WP610KZHVQ1SGc6re/UDhFvYD7pJ
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@@ -132,6 +212,8 @@ github.com/konsorten/go-windows-terminal-sequences v1.0.1/go.mod h1:T0+1ngSBFLxv
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@@ -162,6 +244,7 @@ github.com/peterbourgon/diskv v2.0.1+incompatible/go.mod h1:uqqh8zWWbv1HBMNONnaR
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@@ -170,12 +253,14 @@ github.com/prometheus/client_golang v0.9.1/go.mod h1:7SWBe2y4D6OKWSNQJUaRYU/AaXP
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@@ -204,23 +289,59 @@ github.com/tmc/grpc-websocket-proxy v0.0.0-20190109142713-0ad062ec5ee5/go.mod h1
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@@ -231,15 +352,38 @@ golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20190213061140-3a22650c66bd/go.mod h1:mL1N/T3taQHkDXs73r
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 google.golang.org/grpc v1.19.0/go.mod h1:mqu4LbDTu4XGKhr4mRzUsmM4RtVoemTSY81AxZiDr8c=
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+google.golang.org/grpc v1.21.1/go.mod h1:oYelfM1adQP15Ek0mdvEgi9Df8B9CZIaU1084ijfRaM=
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+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.25.0/go.mod h1:9JNX74DMeImyA3h4bdi1ymwjUzf21/xIlbajtzgsN7c=
 gopkg.in/alecthomas/kingpin.v2 v2.2.6/go.mod h1:FMv+mEhP44yOT+4EoQTLFTRgOQ1FBLkstjWtayDeSgw=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405 h1:yhCVgyC4o1eVCa2tZl7eS0r+SDo693bJlVdllGtEeKM=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20180628173108-788fd7840127 h1:qIbj1fsPNlZgppZ+VLlY7N33q108Sa+fhmuc+sWQYwY=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20180628173108-788fd7840127/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
+gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20190902080502-41f04d3bba15 h1:YR8cESwS4TdDjEe65xsg0ogRM/Nc3DYOhEAlW+xobZo=
+gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20190902080502-41f04d3bba15/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
+gopkg.in/errgo.v2 v2.1.0/go.mod h1:hNsd1EY+bozCKY1Ytp96fpM3vjJbqLJn88ws8XvfDNI=
 gopkg.in/fsnotify.v1 v1.4.7/go.mod h1:Tz8NjZHkW78fSQdbUxIjBTcgA1z1m8ZHf0WmKUhAMys=
 gopkg.in/inf.v0 v0.9.1 h1:73M5CoZyi3ZLMOyDlQh031Cx6N9NDJ2Vvfl76EDAgDc=
 gopkg.in/inf.v0 v0.9.1/go.mod h1:cWUDdTG/fYaXco+Dcufb5Vnc6Gp2YChqWtbxRZE0mXw=
@@ -315,27 +597,31 @@ gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.3.0 h1:clyUAQHOM3G0M3f5vQj7LuJrETvjVot3Z5el9nffUtU=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.3.0/go.mod h1:hI93XBmqTisBFMUTm0b8Fm+jr3Dg1NNxqwp+5A1VGuI=
 honnef.co/go/tools v0.0.0-20190102054323-c2f93a96b099/go.mod h1:rf3lG4BRIbNafJWhAfAdb/ePZxsR/4RtNHQocxwk9r4=
 honnef.co/go/tools v0.0.0-20190106161140-3f1c8253044a/go.mod h1:rf3lG4BRIbNafJWhAfAdb/ePZxsR/4RtNHQocxwk9r4=
-k8s.io/api v0.18.3 h1:2AJaUQdgUZLoDZHrun21PW2Nx9+ll6cUzvn3IKhSIn0=
-k8s.io/api v0.18.3/go.mod h1:UOaMwERbqJMfeeeHc8XJKawj4P9TgDRnViIqqBeH2QA=
-k8s.io/apimachinery v0.18.3 h1:pOGcbVAhxADgUYnjS08EFXs9QMl8qaH5U4fr5LGUrSk=
-k8s.io/apimachinery v0.18.3/go.mod h1:OaXp26zu/5J7p0f92ASynJa1pZo06YlV9fG7BoWbCko=
-k8s.io/client-go v0.18.3 h1:QaJzz92tsN67oorwzmoB0a9r9ZVHuD5ryjbCKP0U22k=
-k8s.io/client-go v0.18.3/go.mod h1:4a/dpQEvzAhT1BbuWW09qvIaGw6Gbu1gZYiQZIi1DMw=
-k8s.io/gengo v0.0.0-20190128074634-0689ccc1d7d6/go.mod h1:ezvh/TsK7cY6rbqRK0oQQ8IAqLxYwwyPxAX1Pzy0ii0=
-k8s.io/klog v0.0.0-20181102134211-b9b56d5dfc92/go.mod h1:Gq+BEi5rUBO/HRz0bTSXDUcqjScdoY3a9IHpCEIOOfk=
-k8s.io/klog v0.3.0/go.mod h1:Gq+BEi5rUBO/HRz0bTSXDUcqjScdoY3a9IHpCEIOOfk=
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+honnef.co/go/tools v0.0.1-2020.1.3/go.mod h1:X/FiERA/W4tHapMX5mGpAtMSVEeEUOyHaw9vFzvIQ3k=
+honnef.co/go/tools v0.0.1-2020.1.4/go.mod h1:X/FiERA/W4tHapMX5mGpAtMSVEeEUOyHaw9vFzvIQ3k=
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-k8s.io/kube-openapi v0.0.0-20200410145947-61e04a5be9a6/go.mod h1:GRQhZsXIAJ1xR0C9bd8UpWHZ5plfAS9fzPjJuQ6JL3E=
-k8s.io/utils v0.0.0-20200324210504-a9aa75ae1b89 h1:d4vVOjXm687F1iLSP2q3lyPPuyvTUt3aVoBpi2DqRsU=
-k8s.io/utils v0.0.0-20200324210504-a9aa75ae1b89/go.mod h1:sZAwmy6armz5eXlNoLmJcl4F1QuKu7sr+mFQ0byX7Ew=
-rsc.io/quote/v3 v3.1.0 h1:9JKUTTIUgS6kzR9mK1YuGKv6Nl+DijDNIc0ghT58FaY=
+k8s.io/klog/v2 v2.0.0/go.mod h1:PBfzABfn139FHAV07az/IF9Wp1bkk3vpT2XSJ76fSDE=
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+rsc.io/binaryregexp v0.2.0/go.mod h1:qTv7/COck+e2FymRvadv62gMdZztPaShugOCi3I+8D8=
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-rsc.io/sampler v1.3.0 h1:7uVkIFmeBqHfdjD+gZwtXXI+RODJ2Wc4O7MPEh/QiW4=
 rsc.io/sampler v1.3.0/go.mod h1:T1hPZKmBbMNahiBKFy5HrXp6adAjACjK9JXDnKaTXpA=
-sigs.k8s.io/structured-merge-diff/v3 v3.0.0-20200116222232-67a7b8c61874/go.mod h1:PlARxl6Hbt/+BC80dRLi1qAmnMqwqDg62YvvVkZjemw=
-sigs.k8s.io/structured-merge-diff/v3 v3.0.0 h1:dOmIZBMfhcHS09XZkMyUgkq5trg3/jRyJYFZUiaOp8E=
-sigs.k8s.io/structured-merge-diff/v3 v3.0.0/go.mod h1:PlARxl6Hbt/+BC80dRLi1qAmnMqwqDg62YvvVkZjemw=
+sigs.k8s.io/structured-merge-diff/v4 v4.0.1 h1:YXTMot5Qz/X1iBRJhAt+vI+HVttY0WkSqqhKxQ0xVbA=
+sigs.k8s.io/structured-merge-diff/v4 v4.0.1/go.mod h1:bJZC9H9iH24zzfZ/41RGcq60oK1F7G282QMXDPYydCw=
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 sigs.k8s.io/yaml v1.1.0/go.mod h1:UJmg0vDUVViEyp3mgSv9WPwZCDxu4rQW1olrI1uml+o=
 sigs.k8s.io/yaml v1.2.0 h1:kr/MCeFWJWTwyaHoR9c8EjH9OumOmoF9YGiZd7lFm/Q=
--- a/integration_test/credetial_plugin_test.go
+++ b/integration_test/credetial_plugin_test.go
@@ -52,6 +52,11 @@ func TestCredentialPlugin(t *testing.T) {
 			args:    []string{"--certificate-authority", keypair.Server.CACertPath},
 		},
 	} {
+		httpDriverOption := httpdriver.Option{
+			TLSConfig:    tc.keyPair.TLSConfig,
+			BodyContains: "Authenticated",
+		}
+
 		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Run("AuthCode", func(t *testing.T) {
 				t.Parallel()
@@ -71,7 +76,7 @@ func TestCredentialPlugin(t *testing.T) {
 				runGetToken(t, ctx, getTokenConfig{
 					tokenCacheDir: tokenCacheDir,
 					issuerURL:     sv.IssuerURL(),
-					httpDriver:    httpdriver.New(ctx, t, tc.keyPair.TLSConfig),
+					httpDriver:    httpdriver.New(ctx, t, httpDriverOption),
 					now:           now,
 					stdout:        &stdout,
 					args:          tc.args,
@@ -132,7 +137,7 @@ func TestCredentialPlugin(t *testing.T) {
 					runGetToken(t, ctx, getTokenConfig{
 						tokenCacheDir: tokenCacheDir,
 						issuerURL:     sv.IssuerURL(),
-						httpDriver:    httpdriver.New(ctx, t, tc.keyPair.TLSConfig),
+						httpDriver:    httpdriver.New(ctx, t, httpDriverOption),
 						now:           now,
 						stdout:        &stdout,
 						args:          tc.args,
@@ -168,7 +173,7 @@ func TestCredentialPlugin(t *testing.T) {
 					runGetToken(t, ctx, getTokenConfig{
 						tokenCacheDir: tokenCacheDir,
 						issuerURL:     sv.IssuerURL(),
-						httpDriver:    httpdriver.New(ctx, t, tc.keyPair.TLSConfig),
+						httpDriver:    httpdriver.New(ctx, t, httpDriverOption),
 						now:           now.Add(2 * time.Hour),
 						stdout:        &stdout,
 						args:          tc.args,
@@ -190,7 +195,7 @@ func TestCredentialPlugin(t *testing.T) {
 					runGetToken(t, ctx, getTokenConfig{
 						tokenCacheDir: tokenCacheDir,
 						issuerURL:     sv.IssuerURL(),
-						httpDriver:    httpdriver.New(ctx, t, tc.keyPair.TLSConfig),
+						httpDriver:    httpdriver.New(ctx, t, httpDriverOption),
 						now:           now.Add(4 * time.Hour),
 						stdout:        &stdout,
 						args:          tc.args,
@@ -221,7 +226,7 @@ func TestCredentialPlugin(t *testing.T) {
 		runGetToken(t, ctx, getTokenConfig{
 			tokenCacheDir: tokenCacheDir,
 			issuerURL:     sv.IssuerURL(),
-			httpDriver:    httpdriver.New(ctx, t, nil),
+			httpDriver:    httpdriver.New(ctx, t, httpdriver.Option{BodyContains: "Authenticated"}),
 			now:           now,
 			stdout:        &stdout,
 		})
@@ -246,7 +251,7 @@ func TestCredentialPlugin(t *testing.T) {
 		runGetToken(t, ctx, getTokenConfig{
 			tokenCacheDir: tokenCacheDir,
 			issuerURL:     sv.IssuerURL(),
-			httpDriver:    httpdriver.New(ctx, t, keypair.Server.TLSConfig),
+			httpDriver:    httpdriver.New(ctx, t, httpdriver.Option{TLSConfig: keypair.Server.TLSConfig, BodyContains: "Authenticated"}),
 			now:           now,
 			stdout:        &stdout,
 			args:          []string{"--certificate-authority-data", keypair.Server.CACertBase64},
@@ -272,7 +277,7 @@ func TestCredentialPlugin(t *testing.T) {
 		runGetToken(t, ctx, getTokenConfig{
 			tokenCacheDir: tokenCacheDir,
 			issuerURL:     sv.IssuerURL(),
-			httpDriver:    httpdriver.New(ctx, t, nil),
+			httpDriver:    httpdriver.New(ctx, t, httpdriver.Option{BodyContains: "Authenticated"}),
 			now:           now,
 			stdout:        &stdout,
 			args: []string{
@@ -283,6 +288,32 @@ func TestCredentialPlugin(t *testing.T) {
 		assertCredentialPluginStdout(t, &stdout, sv.LastTokenResponse().IDToken, now.Add(time.Hour))
 	})

+	t.Run("OpenURLAfterAuthentication", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.TODO(), timeout)
+		defer cancel()
+		sv := oidcserver.New(t, keypair.None, oidcserver.Config{
+			Want: oidcserver.Want{
+				Scope:             "openid",
+				RedirectURIPrefix: "http://localhost:",
+			},
+			Response: oidcserver.Response{
+				IDTokenExpiry: now.Add(time.Hour),
+			},
+		})
+		defer sv.Shutdown(t, ctx)
+		var stdout bytes.Buffer
+		runGetToken(t, ctx, getTokenConfig{
+			tokenCacheDir: tokenCacheDir,
+			issuerURL:     sv.IssuerURL(),
+			httpDriver:    httpdriver.New(ctx, t, httpdriver.Option{BodyContains: "URL=https://example.com/success"}),
+			now:           now,
+			stdout:        &stdout,
+			args:          []string{"--open-url-after-authentication", "https://example.com/success"},
+		})
+		assertCredentialPluginStdout(t, &stdout, sv.LastTokenResponse().IDToken, now.Add(time.Hour))
+	})
+
 	t.Run("RedirectURLHostname", func(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Parallel()
 		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.TODO(), timeout)
@@ -301,7 +332,7 @@ func TestCredentialPlugin(t *testing.T) {
 		runGetToken(t, ctx, getTokenConfig{
 			tokenCacheDir: tokenCacheDir,
 			issuerURL:     sv.IssuerURL(),
-			httpDriver:    httpdriver.New(ctx, t, nil),
+			httpDriver:    httpdriver.New(ctx, t, httpdriver.Option{BodyContains: "Authenticated"}),
 			now:           now,
 			stdout:        &stdout,
 			args:          []string{"--oidc-redirect-url-hostname", "127.0.0.1"},
@@ -331,7 +362,7 @@ func TestCredentialPlugin(t *testing.T) {
 		runGetToken(t, ctx, getTokenConfig{
 			tokenCacheDir: tokenCacheDir,
 			issuerURL:     sv.IssuerURL(),
-			httpDriver:    httpdriver.New(ctx, t, nil),
+			httpDriver:    httpdriver.New(ctx, t, httpdriver.Option{BodyContains: "Authenticated"}),
 			now:           now,
 			stdout:        &stdout,
 			args: []string{
--- a/integration_test/httpdriver/http_driver.go
+++ b/integration_test/httpdriver/http_driver.go
@@ -4,13 +4,20 @@ package httpdriver
 import (
 	"context"
 	"crypto/tls"
+	"io/ioutil"
 	"net/http"
+	"strings"
 	"testing"
 )

+type Option struct {
+	TLSConfig    *tls.Config
+	BodyContains string
+}
+
 // New returns a client to simulate browser access.
-func New(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, tlsConfig *tls.Config) *client {
-	return &client{ctx, t, tlsConfig}
+func New(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, o Option) *client {
+	return &client{ctx, t, o}
 }

 // Zero returns a client which call is not expected.
@@ -19,13 +26,13 @@ func Zero(t *testing.T) *zeroClient {
 }

 type client struct {
-	ctx       context.Context
-	t         *testing.T
-	tlsConfig *tls.Config
+	ctx context.Context
+	t   *testing.T
+	o   Option
 }

 func (c *client) Open(url string) error {
-	client := http.Client{Transport: &http.Transport{TLSClientConfig: c.tlsConfig}}
+	client := http.Client{Transport: &http.Transport{TLSClientConfig: c.o.TLSConfig}}
 	req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", url, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		c.t.Errorf("could not create a request: %s", err)
@@ -41,6 +48,15 @@ func (c *client) Open(url string) error {
 	if resp.StatusCode != 200 {
 		c.t.Errorf("StatusCode wants 200 but %d", resp.StatusCode)
 	}
+	b, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.t.Errorf("could not read body: %s", err)
+		return nil
+	}
+	body := string(b)
+	if !strings.Contains(body, c.o.BodyContains) {
+		c.t.Errorf("body should contain %s but was %s", c.o.BodyContains, body)
+	}
 	return nil
 }

--- a/integration_test/standalone_test.go
+++ b/integration_test/standalone_test.go
@@ -36,6 +36,11 @@ func TestStandalone(t *testing.T) {
 			keyPair: keypair.Server,
 		},
 	} {
+		httpDriverOption := httpdriver.Option{
+			TLSConfig:    tc.keyPair.TLSConfig,
+			BodyContains: "Authenticated",
+		}
+
 		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Run("AuthCode", func(t *testing.T) {
 				t.Parallel()
@@ -59,7 +64,7 @@ func TestStandalone(t *testing.T) {
 				runStandalone(t, ctx, standaloneConfig{
 					issuerURL:          sv.IssuerURL(),
 					kubeConfigFilename: kubeConfigFilename,
-					httpDriver:         httpdriver.New(ctx, t, tc.keyPair.TLSConfig),
+					httpDriver:         httpdriver.New(ctx, t, httpDriverOption),
 					now:                now,
 				})
 				kubeconfig.Verify(t, kubeConfigFilename, kubeconfig.AuthProviderConfig{
@@ -131,7 +136,7 @@ func TestStandalone(t *testing.T) {
 					runStandalone(t, ctx, standaloneConfig{
 						issuerURL:          sv.IssuerURL(),
 						kubeConfigFilename: kubeConfigFilename,
-						httpDriver:         httpdriver.New(ctx, t, tc.keyPair.TLSConfig),
+						httpDriver:         httpdriver.New(ctx, t, httpDriverOption),
 						now:                now,
 					})
 					kubeconfig.Verify(t, kubeConfigFilename, kubeconfig.AuthProviderConfig{
@@ -167,7 +172,7 @@ func TestStandalone(t *testing.T) {
 					runStandalone(t, ctx, standaloneConfig{
 						issuerURL:          sv.IssuerURL(),
 						kubeConfigFilename: kubeConfigFilename,
-						httpDriver:         httpdriver.New(ctx, t, tc.keyPair.TLSConfig),
+						httpDriver:         httpdriver.New(ctx, t, httpDriverOption),
 						now:                now.Add(2 * time.Hour),
 					})
 					kubeconfig.Verify(t, kubeConfigFilename, kubeconfig.AuthProviderConfig{
@@ -189,7 +194,7 @@ func TestStandalone(t *testing.T) {
 					runStandalone(t, ctx, standaloneConfig{
 						issuerURL:          sv.IssuerURL(),
 						kubeConfigFilename: kubeConfigFilename,
-						httpDriver:         httpdriver.New(ctx, t, tc.keyPair.TLSConfig),
+						httpDriver:         httpdriver.New(ctx, t, httpDriverOption),
 						now:                now.Add(4 * time.Hour),
 					})
 					kubeconfig.Verify(t, kubeConfigFilename, kubeconfig.AuthProviderConfig{
@@ -223,7 +228,7 @@ func TestStandalone(t *testing.T) {
 		runStandalone(t, ctx, standaloneConfig{
 			issuerURL:          sv.IssuerURL(),
 			kubeConfigFilename: kubeConfigFilename,
-			httpDriver:         httpdriver.New(ctx, t, keypair.Server.TLSConfig),
+			httpDriver:         httpdriver.New(ctx, t, httpdriver.Option{TLSConfig: keypair.Server.TLSConfig}),
 			now:                now,
 		})
 		kubeconfig.Verify(t, kubeConfigFilename, kubeconfig.AuthProviderConfig{
@@ -253,7 +258,7 @@ func TestStandalone(t *testing.T) {
 		defer unsetenv(t, "KUBECONFIG")
 		runStandalone(t, ctx, standaloneConfig{
 			issuerURL:  sv.IssuerURL(),
-			httpDriver: httpdriver.New(ctx, t, nil),
+			httpDriver: httpdriver.New(ctx, t, httpdriver.Option{}),
 			now:        now,
 		})
 		kubeconfig.Verify(t, kubeConfigFilename, kubeconfig.AuthProviderConfig{
@@ -284,7 +289,7 @@ func TestStandalone(t *testing.T) {
 		runStandalone(t, ctx, standaloneConfig{
 			issuerURL:          sv.IssuerURL(),
 			kubeConfigFilename: kubeConfigFilename,
-			httpDriver:         httpdriver.New(ctx, t, nil),
+			httpDriver:         httpdriver.New(ctx, t, httpdriver.Option{}),
 			now:                now,
 		})
 		kubeconfig.Verify(t, kubeConfigFilename, kubeconfig.AuthProviderConfig{
--- a/pkg/adaptors/browser/mock_browser/mock_browser.go
+++ b/pkg/adaptors/browser/mock_browser/mock_browser.go
@@ -9,30 +9,30 @@ import (
 	reflect "reflect"
 )

-// MockInterface is a mock of Interface interface
+// MockInterface is a mock of Interface interface.
 type MockInterface struct {
 	ctrl     *gomock.Controller
 	recorder *MockInterfaceMockRecorder
 }

-// MockInterfaceMockRecorder is the mock recorder for MockInterface
+// MockInterfaceMockRecorder is the mock recorder for MockInterface.
 type MockInterfaceMockRecorder struct {
 	mock *MockInterface
 }

-// NewMockInterface creates a new mock instance
+// NewMockInterface creates a new mock instance.
 func NewMockInterface(ctrl *gomock.Controller) *MockInterface {
 	mock := &MockInterface{ctrl: ctrl}
 	mock.recorder = &MockInterfaceMockRecorder{mock}
 	return mock
 }

-// EXPECT returns an object that allows the caller to indicate expected use
+// EXPECT returns an object that allows the caller to indicate expected use.
 func (m *MockInterface) EXPECT() *MockInterfaceMockRecorder {
 	return m.recorder
 }

-// Open mocks base method
+// Open mocks base method.
 func (m *MockInterface) Open(arg0 string) error {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "Open", arg0)
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ func (m *MockInterface) Open(arg0 string) error {
 	return ret0
 }

-// Open indicates an expected call of Open
+// Open indicates an expected call of Open.
 func (mr *MockInterfaceMockRecorder) Open(arg0 interface{}) *gomock.Call {
 	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "Open", reflect.TypeOf((*MockInterface)(nil).Open), arg0)
--- a/pkg/adaptors/certpool/mock_certpool/mock_certpool.go
+++ b/pkg/adaptors/certpool/mock_certpool/mock_certpool.go
@@ -10,30 +10,30 @@ import (
 	reflect "reflect"
 )

-// MockInterface is a mock of Interface interface
+// MockInterface is a mock of Interface interface.
 type MockInterface struct {
 	ctrl     *gomock.Controller
 	recorder *MockInterfaceMockRecorder
 }

-// MockInterfaceMockRecorder is the mock recorder for MockInterface
+// MockInterfaceMockRecorder is the mock recorder for MockInterface.
 type MockInterfaceMockRecorder struct {
 	mock *MockInterface
 }

-// NewMockInterface creates a new mock instance
+// NewMockInterface creates a new mock instance.
 func NewMockInterface(ctrl *gomock.Controller) *MockInterface {
 	mock := &MockInterface{ctrl: ctrl}
 	mock.recorder = &MockInterfaceMockRecorder{mock}
 	return mock
 }

-// EXPECT returns an object that allows the caller to indicate expected use
+// EXPECT returns an object that allows the caller to indicate expected use.
 func (m *MockInterface) EXPECT() *MockInterfaceMockRecorder {
 	return m.recorder
 }

-// AddBase64Encoded mocks base method
+// AddBase64Encoded mocks base method.
 func (m *MockInterface) AddBase64Encoded(arg0 string) error {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "AddBase64Encoded", arg0)
@@ -41,13 +41,13 @@ func (m *MockInterface) AddBase64Encoded(arg0 string) error {
 	return ret0
 }

-// AddBase64Encoded indicates an expected call of AddBase64Encoded
+// AddBase64Encoded indicates an expected call of AddBase64Encoded.
 func (mr *MockInterfaceMockRecorder) AddBase64Encoded(arg0 interface{}) *gomock.Call {
 	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "AddBase64Encoded", reflect.TypeOf((*MockInterface)(nil).AddBase64Encoded), arg0)
 }

-// AddFile mocks base method
+// AddFile mocks base method.
 func (m *MockInterface) AddFile(arg0 string) error {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "AddFile", arg0)
@@ -55,19 +55,19 @@ func (m *MockInterface) AddFile(arg0 string) error {
 	return ret0
 }

-// AddFile indicates an expected call of AddFile
+// AddFile indicates an expected call of AddFile.
 func (mr *MockInterfaceMockRecorder) AddFile(arg0 interface{}) *gomock.Call {
 	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "AddFile", reflect.TypeOf((*MockInterface)(nil).AddFile), arg0)
 }

-// SetRootCAs mocks base method
+// SetRootCAs mocks base method.
 func (m *MockInterface) SetRootCAs(arg0 *tls.Config) {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	m.ctrl.Call(m, "SetRootCAs", arg0)
 }

-// SetRootCAs indicates an expected call of SetRootCAs
+// SetRootCAs indicates an expected call of SetRootCAs.
 func (mr *MockInterfaceMockRecorder) SetRootCAs(arg0 interface{}) *gomock.Call {
 	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "SetRootCAs", reflect.TypeOf((*MockInterface)(nil).SetRootCAs), arg0)
--- a/pkg/adaptors/cmd/authentication.go
+++ b/pkg/adaptors/cmd/authentication.go
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+package cmd
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/usecases/authentication"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/usecases/authentication/authcode"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/usecases/authentication/ropc"
+	"github.com/spf13/pflag"
+	"golang.org/x/xerrors"
+)
+
+type authenticationOptions struct {
+	GrantType                  string
+	ListenAddress              []string
+	ListenPort                 []int // deprecated
+	SkipOpenBrowser            bool
+	OpenURLAfterAuthentication string
+	RedirectURLHostname        string
+	AuthRequestExtraParams     map[string]string
+	Username                   string
+	Password                   string
+}
+
+// determineListenAddress returns the addresses from the flags.
+// Note that --listen-address is always given due to the default value.
+// If --listen-port is not set, it returns --listen-address.
+// If --listen-port is set, it returns the strings of --listen-port.
+func (o *authenticationOptions) determineListenAddress() []string {
+	if len(o.ListenPort) == 0 {
+		return o.ListenAddress
+	}
+	var a []string
+	for _, p := range o.ListenPort {
+		a = append(a, fmt.Sprintf("127.0.0.1:%d", p))
+	}
+	return a
+}
+
+var allGrantType = strings.Join([]string{
+	"auto",
+	"authcode",
+	"authcode-keyboard",
+	"password",
+}, "|")
+
+func (o *authenticationOptions) addFlags(f *pflag.FlagSet) {
+	f.StringVar(&o.GrantType, "grant-type", "auto", fmt.Sprintf("Authorization grant type to use. One of (%s)", allGrantType))
+	f.StringSliceVar(&o.ListenAddress, "listen-address", defaultListenAddress, "[authcode] Address to bind to the local server. If multiple addresses are set, it will try binding in order")
+	//TODO: remove the deprecated flag
+	f.IntSliceVar(&o.ListenPort, "listen-port", nil, "[authcode] deprecated: port to bind to the local server")
+	if err := f.MarkDeprecated("listen-port", "use --listen-address instead"); err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	f.BoolVar(&o.SkipOpenBrowser, "skip-open-browser", false, "[authcode] Do not open the browser automatically")
+	f.StringVar(&o.OpenURLAfterAuthentication, "open-url-after-authentication", "", "[authcode] If set, open the URL in the browser after authentication")
+	f.StringVar(&o.RedirectURLHostname, "oidc-redirect-url-hostname", "localhost", "[authcode] Hostname of the redirect URL")
+	f.StringToStringVar(&o.AuthRequestExtraParams, "oidc-auth-request-extra-params", nil, "[authcode, authcode-keyboard] Extra query parameters to send with an authentication request")
+	f.StringVar(&o.Username, "username", "", "[password] Username for resource owner password credentials grant")
+	f.StringVar(&o.Password, "password", "", "[password] Password for resource owner password credentials grant")
+}
+
+func (o *authenticationOptions) grantOptionSet() (s authentication.GrantOptionSet, err error) {
+	switch {
+	case o.GrantType == "authcode" || (o.GrantType == "auto" && o.Username == ""):
+		s.AuthCodeBrowserOption = &authcode.BrowserOption{
+			BindAddress:                o.determineListenAddress(),
+			SkipOpenBrowser:            o.SkipOpenBrowser,
+			OpenURLAfterAuthentication: o.OpenURLAfterAuthentication,
+			RedirectURLHostname:        o.RedirectURLHostname,
+			AuthRequestExtraParams:     o.AuthRequestExtraParams,
+		}
+	case o.GrantType == "authcode-keyboard":
+		s.AuthCodeKeyboardOption = &authcode.KeyboardOption{
+			AuthRequestExtraParams: o.AuthRequestExtraParams,
+		}
+	case o.GrantType == "password" || (o.GrantType == "auto" && o.Username != ""):
+		s.ROPCOption = &ropc.Option{
+			Username: o.Username,
+			Password: o.Password,
+		}
+	default:
+		err = xerrors.Errorf("grant-type must be one of (%s)", allGrantType)
+	}
+	return
+}
--- a/pkg/adaptors/cmd/cmd_test.go
+++ b/pkg/adaptors/cmd/cmd_test.go
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/golang/mock/gomock"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/testing/logger"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/usecases/authentication"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/usecases/authentication/authcode"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/usecases/authentication/ropc"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/usecases/credentialplugin"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/usecases/credentialplugin/mock_credentialplugin"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/usecases/standalone"
@@ -26,7 +28,7 @@ func TestCmd_Run(t *testing.T) {
 				args: []string{executable},
 				in: standalone.Input{
 					GrantOptionSet: authentication.GrantOptionSet{
-						AuthCodeOption: &authentication.AuthCodeOption{
+						AuthCodeBrowserOption: &authcode.BrowserOption{
 							BindAddress:         defaultListenAddress,
 							RedirectURLHostname: "localhost",
 						},
@@ -41,7 +43,7 @@ func TestCmd_Run(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 				in: standalone.Input{
 					GrantOptionSet: authentication.GrantOptionSet{
-						AuthCodeOption: &authentication.AuthCodeOption{
+						AuthCodeBrowserOption: &authcode.BrowserOption{
 							BindAddress:         []string{"127.0.0.1:10080", "127.0.0.1:20080"},
 							RedirectURLHostname: "localhost",
 						},
@@ -58,7 +60,7 @@ func TestCmd_Run(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 				in: standalone.Input{
 					GrantOptionSet: authentication.GrantOptionSet{
-						AuthCodeOption: &authentication.AuthCodeOption{
+						AuthCodeBrowserOption: &authcode.BrowserOption{
 							BindAddress:         []string{"127.0.0.1:10080", "127.0.0.1:20080"},
 							RedirectURLHostname: "localhost",
 						},
@@ -71,12 +73,14 @@ func TestCmd_Run(t *testing.T) {
 					"--context", "hello.k8s.local",
 					"--user", "google",
 					"--certificate-authority", "/path/to/cacert",
+					"--certificate-authority-data", "BASE64ENCODED",
 					"--insecure-skip-tls-verify",
 					"-v1",
 					"--grant-type", "authcode",
 					"--listen-address", "127.0.0.1:10080",
 					"--listen-address", "127.0.0.1:20080",
 					"--skip-open-browser",
+					"--open-url-after-authentication", "https://example.com/success.html",
 					"--username", "USER",
 					"--password", "PASS",
 				},
@@ -85,12 +89,14 @@ func TestCmd_Run(t *testing.T) {
 					KubeconfigContext:  "hello.k8s.local",
 					KubeconfigUser:     "google",
 					CACertFilename:     "/path/to/cacert",
+					CACertData:         "BASE64ENCODED",
 					SkipTLSVerify:      true,
 					GrantOptionSet: authentication.GrantOptionSet{
-						AuthCodeOption: &authentication.AuthCodeOption{
-							BindAddress:         []string{"127.0.0.1:10080", "127.0.0.1:20080"},
-							SkipOpenBrowser:     true,
-							RedirectURLHostname: "localhost",
+						AuthCodeBrowserOption: &authcode.BrowserOption{
+							BindAddress:                []string{"127.0.0.1:10080", "127.0.0.1:20080"},
+							SkipOpenBrowser:            true,
+							OpenURLAfterAuthentication: "https://example.com/success.html",
+							RedirectURLHostname:        "localhost",
 						},
 					},
 				},
@@ -101,7 +107,7 @@ func TestCmd_Run(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 				in: standalone.Input{
 					GrantOptionSet: authentication.GrantOptionSet{
-						AuthCodeKeyboardOption: &authentication.AuthCodeKeyboardOption{},
+						AuthCodeKeyboardOption: &authcode.KeyboardOption{},
 					},
 				},
 			},
@@ -115,7 +121,7 @@ func TestCmd_Run(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 				in: standalone.Input{
 					GrantOptionSet: authentication.GrantOptionSet{
-						ROPCOption: &authentication.ROPCOption{
+						ROPCOption: &ropc.Option{
 							Username: "USER",
 							Password: "PASS",
 						},
@@ -131,7 +137,7 @@ func TestCmd_Run(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 				in: standalone.Input{
 					GrantOptionSet: authentication.GrantOptionSet{
-						ROPCOption: &authentication.ROPCOption{
+						ROPCOption: &ropc.Option{
 							Username: "USER",
 							Password: "PASS",
 						},
@@ -194,7 +200,7 @@ func TestCmd_Run(t *testing.T) {
 					IssuerURL:     "https://issuer.example.com",
 					ClientID:      "YOUR_CLIENT_ID",
 					GrantOptionSet: authentication.GrantOptionSet{
-						AuthCodeOption: &authentication.AuthCodeOption{
+						AuthCodeBrowserOption: &authcode.BrowserOption{
 							BindAddress:         []string{"127.0.0.1:8000", "127.0.0.1:18000"},
 							RedirectURLHostname: "localhost",
 						},
@@ -217,6 +223,7 @@ func TestCmd_Run(t *testing.T) {
 					"--listen-address", "127.0.0.1:10080",
 					"--listen-address", "127.0.0.1:20080",
 					"--skip-open-browser",
+					"--open-url-after-authentication", "https://example.com/success.html",
 					"--oidc-auth-request-extra-params", "ttl=86400",
 					"--oidc-auth-request-extra-params", "reauth=true",
 					"--username", "USER",
@@ -232,11 +239,12 @@ func TestCmd_Run(t *testing.T) {
 					CACertData:     "BASE64ENCODED",
 					SkipTLSVerify:  true,
 					GrantOptionSet: authentication.GrantOptionSet{
-						AuthCodeOption: &authentication.AuthCodeOption{
-							BindAddress:            []string{"127.0.0.1:10080", "127.0.0.1:20080"},
-							SkipOpenBrowser:        true,
-							RedirectURLHostname:    "localhost",
-							AuthRequestExtraParams: map[string]string{"ttl": "86400", "reauth": "true"},
+						AuthCodeBrowserOption: &authcode.BrowserOption{
+							BindAddress:                []string{"127.0.0.1:10080", "127.0.0.1:20080"},
+							SkipOpenBrowser:            true,
+							OpenURLAfterAuthentication: "https://example.com/success.html",
+							RedirectURLHostname:        "localhost",
+							AuthRequestExtraParams:     map[string]string{"ttl": "86400", "reauth": "true"},
 						},
 					},
 				},
@@ -254,7 +262,7 @@ func TestCmd_Run(t *testing.T) {
 					IssuerURL:     "https://issuer.example.com",
 					ClientID:      "YOUR_CLIENT_ID",
 					GrantOptionSet: authentication.GrantOptionSet{
-						AuthCodeKeyboardOption: &authentication.AuthCodeKeyboardOption{
+						AuthCodeKeyboardOption: &authcode.KeyboardOption{
 							AuthRequestExtraParams: map[string]string{"ttl": "86400"},
 						},
 					},
@@ -276,7 +284,7 @@ func TestCmd_Run(t *testing.T) {
 					IssuerURL:     "https://issuer.example.com",
 					ClientID:      "YOUR_CLIENT_ID",
 					GrantOptionSet: authentication.GrantOptionSet{
-						ROPCOption: &authentication.ROPCOption{
+						ROPCOption: &ropc.Option{
 							Username: "USER",
 							Password: "PASS",
 						},
@@ -298,7 +306,7 @@ func TestCmd_Run(t *testing.T) {
 					IssuerURL:     "https://issuer.example.com",
 					ClientID:      "YOUR_CLIENT_ID",
 					GrantOptionSet: authentication.GrantOptionSet{
-						ROPCOption: &authentication.ROPCOption{
+						ROPCOption: &ropc.Option{
 							Username: "USER",
 							Password: "PASS",
 						},
--- a/pkg/adaptors/cmd/get_token.go
+++ b/pkg/adaptors/cmd/get_token.go
@@ -14,24 +14,19 @@ type getTokenOptions struct {
 	ClientID              string
 	ClientSecret          string
 	ExtraScopes           []string
-	CACertFilename        string
-	CACertData            string
-	SkipTLSVerify         bool
 	TokenCacheDir         string
+	tlsOptions            tlsOptions
 	authenticationOptions authenticationOptions
 }

-func (o *getTokenOptions) register(f *pflag.FlagSet) {
-	f.SortFlags = false
+func (o *getTokenOptions) addFlags(f *pflag.FlagSet) {
 	f.StringVar(&o.IssuerURL, "oidc-issuer-url", "", "Issuer URL of the provider (mandatory)")
 	f.StringVar(&o.ClientID, "oidc-client-id", "", "Client ID of the provider (mandatory)")
 	f.StringVar(&o.ClientSecret, "oidc-client-secret", "", "Client secret of the provider")
 	f.StringSliceVar(&o.ExtraScopes, "oidc-extra-scope", nil, "Scopes to request to the provider")
-	f.StringVar(&o.CACertFilename, "certificate-authority", "", "Path to a cert file for the certificate authority")
-	f.StringVar(&o.CACertData, "certificate-authority-data", "", "Base64 encoded data for the certificate authority")
-	f.BoolVar(&o.SkipTLSVerify, "insecure-skip-tls-verify", false, "If true, the server's certificate will not be checked for validity. This will make your HTTPS connections insecure")
-	f.StringVar(&o.TokenCacheDir, "token-cache-dir", defaultTokenCacheDir, "Path to a directory for caching tokens")
-	o.authenticationOptions.register(f)
+	f.StringVar(&o.TokenCacheDir, "token-cache-dir", defaultTokenCacheDir, "Path to a directory for token cache")
+	o.tlsOptions.addFlags(f)
+	o.authenticationOptions.addFlags(f)
 }

 type GetToken struct {
@@ -66,9 +61,9 @@ func (cmd *GetToken) New() *cobra.Command {
 				ClientID:       o.ClientID,
 				ClientSecret:   o.ClientSecret,
 				ExtraScopes:    o.ExtraScopes,
-				CACertFilename: o.CACertFilename,
-				CACertData:     o.CACertData,
-				SkipTLSVerify:  o.SkipTLSVerify,
+				CACertFilename: o.tlsOptions.CACertFilename,
+				CACertData:     o.tlsOptions.CACertData,
+				SkipTLSVerify:  o.tlsOptions.SkipTLSVerify,
 				TokenCacheDir:  o.TokenCacheDir,
 				GrantOptionSet: grantOptionSet,
 			}
@@ -78,6 +73,7 @@ func (cmd *GetToken) New() *cobra.Command {
 			return nil
 		},
 	}
-	o.register(c.Flags())
+	c.Flags().SortFlags = false
+	o.addFlags(c.Flags())
 	return c
 }
--- a/pkg/adaptors/cmd/root.go
+++ b/pkg/adaptors/cmd/root.go
@@ -1,22 +1,18 @@
 package cmd

 import (
-	"fmt"
-	"strings"
-
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/kubeconfig"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/logger"
-	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/usecases/authentication"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/usecases/standalone"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 	"github.com/spf13/pflag"
 	"golang.org/x/xerrors"
 )

-const longDescription = `Login to the OpenID Connect provider.
+const rootDescription = `Log in to the OpenID Connect provider.

 You need to set up the OIDC provider, role binding, Kubernetes API server and kubeconfig.
-Run the following command to show the setup instruction:
+To show the setup instruction:

 	kubectl oidc-login setup

@@ -28,88 +24,16 @@ type rootOptions struct {
 	Kubeconfig            string
 	Context               string
 	User                  string
-	CertificateAuthority  string
-	SkipTLSVerify         bool
+	tlsOptions            tlsOptions
 	authenticationOptions authenticationOptions
 }

-func (o *rootOptions) register(f *pflag.FlagSet) {
-	f.SortFlags = false
+func (o *rootOptions) addFlags(f *pflag.FlagSet) {
 	f.StringVar(&o.Kubeconfig, "kubeconfig", "", "Path to the kubeconfig file")
-	f.StringVar(&o.Context, "context", "", "The name of the kubeconfig context to use")
-	f.StringVar(&o.User, "user", "", "The name of the kubeconfig user to use. Prior to --context")
-	f.StringVar(&o.CertificateAuthority, "certificate-authority", "", "Path to a cert file for the certificate authority")
-	f.BoolVar(&o.SkipTLSVerify, "insecure-skip-tls-verify", false, "If true, the server's certificate will not be checked for validity. This will make your HTTPS connections insecure")
-	o.authenticationOptions.register(f)
-}
-
-type authenticationOptions struct {
-	GrantType              string
-	ListenAddress          []string
-	ListenPort             []int // deprecated
-	SkipOpenBrowser        bool
-	RedirectURLHostname    string
-	AuthRequestExtraParams map[string]string
-	Username               string
-	Password               string
-}
-
-// determineListenAddress returns the addresses from the flags.
-// Note that --listen-address is always given due to the default value.
-// If --listen-port is not set, it returns --listen-address.
-// If --listen-port is set, it returns the strings of --listen-port.
-func (o *authenticationOptions) determineListenAddress() []string {
-	if len(o.ListenPort) == 0 {
-		return o.ListenAddress
-	}
-	var a []string
-	for _, p := range o.ListenPort {
-		a = append(a, fmt.Sprintf("127.0.0.1:%d", p))
-	}
-	return a
-}
-
-var allGrantType = strings.Join([]string{
-	"auto",
-	"authcode",
-	"authcode-keyboard",
-	"password",
-}, "|")
-
-func (o *authenticationOptions) register(f *pflag.FlagSet) {
-	f.StringVar(&o.GrantType, "grant-type", "auto", fmt.Sprintf("The authorization grant type to use. One of (%s)", allGrantType))
-	f.StringSliceVar(&o.ListenAddress, "listen-address", defaultListenAddress, "Address to bind to the local server. If multiple addresses are given, it will try binding in order")
-	//TODO: remove the deprecated flag
-	f.IntSliceVar(&o.ListenPort, "listen-port", nil, "(Deprecated: use --listen-address)")
-	f.BoolVar(&o.SkipOpenBrowser, "skip-open-browser", false, "If true, it does not open the browser on authentication")
-	f.StringVar(&o.RedirectURLHostname, "oidc-redirect-url-hostname", "localhost", "Hostname of the redirect URL")
-	f.StringToStringVar(&o.AuthRequestExtraParams, "oidc-auth-request-extra-params", nil, "Extra query parameters to send with an authentication request")
-	f.StringVar(&o.Username, "username", "", "If set, perform the resource owner password credentials grant")
-	f.StringVar(&o.Password, "password", "", "If set, use the password instead of asking it")
-}
-
-func (o *authenticationOptions) grantOptionSet() (s authentication.GrantOptionSet, err error) {
-	switch {
-	case o.GrantType == "authcode" || (o.GrantType == "auto" && o.Username == ""):
-		s.AuthCodeOption = &authentication.AuthCodeOption{
-			BindAddress:            o.determineListenAddress(),
-			SkipOpenBrowser:        o.SkipOpenBrowser,
-			RedirectURLHostname:    o.RedirectURLHostname,
-			AuthRequestExtraParams: o.AuthRequestExtraParams,
-		}
-	case o.GrantType == "authcode-keyboard":
-		s.AuthCodeKeyboardOption = &authentication.AuthCodeKeyboardOption{
-			AuthRequestExtraParams: o.AuthRequestExtraParams,
-		}
-	case o.GrantType == "password" || (o.GrantType == "auto" && o.Username != ""):
-		s.ROPCOption = &authentication.ROPCOption{
-			Username: o.Username,
-			Password: o.Password,
-		}
-	default:
-		err = xerrors.Errorf("grant-type must be one of (%s)", allGrantType)
-	}
-	return
+	f.StringVar(&o.Context, "context", "", "Name of the kubeconfig context to use")
+	f.StringVar(&o.User, "user", "", "Name of the kubeconfig user to use. Prior to --context")
+	o.tlsOptions.addFlags(f)
+	o.authenticationOptions.addFlags(f)
 }

 type Root struct {
@@ -119,10 +43,10 @@ type Root struct {

 func (cmd *Root) New() *cobra.Command {
 	var o rootOptions
-	rootCmd := &cobra.Command{
+	c := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "kubelogin",
-		Short: "Login to the OpenID Connect provider",
-		Long:  longDescription,
+		Short: "Log in to the OpenID Connect provider",
+		Long:  rootDescription,
 		Args:  cobra.NoArgs,
 		RunE: func(c *cobra.Command, _ []string) error {
 			grantOptionSet, err := o.authenticationOptions.grantOptionSet()
@@ -133,8 +57,9 @@ func (cmd *Root) New() *cobra.Command {
 				KubeconfigFilename: o.Kubeconfig,
 				KubeconfigContext:  kubeconfig.ContextName(o.Context),
 				KubeconfigUser:     kubeconfig.UserName(o.User),
-				CACertFilename:     o.CertificateAuthority,
-				SkipTLSVerify:      o.SkipTLSVerify,
+				CACertFilename:     o.tlsOptions.CACertFilename,
+				CACertData:         o.tlsOptions.CACertData,
+				SkipTLSVerify:      o.tlsOptions.SkipTLSVerify,
 				GrantOptionSet:     grantOptionSet,
 			}
 			if err := cmd.Standalone.Do(c.Context(), in); err != nil {
@@ -143,7 +68,8 @@ func (cmd *Root) New() *cobra.Command {
 			return nil
 		},
 	}
-	o.register(rootCmd.Flags())
-	cmd.Logger.AddFlags(rootCmd.PersistentFlags())
-	return rootCmd
+	c.Flags().SortFlags = false
+	o.addFlags(c.Flags())
+	cmd.Logger.AddFlags(c.PersistentFlags())
+	return c
 }
--- a/pkg/adaptors/cmd/setup.go
+++ b/pkg/adaptors/cmd/setup.go
@@ -13,22 +13,17 @@ type setupOptions struct {
 	ClientID              string
 	ClientSecret          string
 	ExtraScopes           []string
-	CACertFilename        string
-	CACertData            string
-	SkipTLSVerify         bool
+	tlsOptions            tlsOptions
 	authenticationOptions authenticationOptions
 }

-func (o *setupOptions) register(f *pflag.FlagSet) {
-	f.SortFlags = false
+func (o *setupOptions) addFlags(f *pflag.FlagSet) {
 	f.StringVar(&o.IssuerURL, "oidc-issuer-url", "", "Issuer URL of the provider")
 	f.StringVar(&o.ClientID, "oidc-client-id", "", "Client ID of the provider")
 	f.StringVar(&o.ClientSecret, "oidc-client-secret", "", "Client secret of the provider")
 	f.StringSliceVar(&o.ExtraScopes, "oidc-extra-scope", nil, "Scopes to request to the provider")
-	f.StringVar(&o.CACertFilename, "certificate-authority", "", "Path to a cert file for the certificate authority")
-	f.StringVar(&o.CACertData, "certificate-authority-data", "", "Base64 encoded data for the certificate authority")
-	f.BoolVar(&o.SkipTLSVerify, "insecure-skip-tls-verify", false, "If true, the server's certificate will not be checked for validity. This will make your HTTPS connections insecure")
-	o.authenticationOptions.register(f)
+	o.tlsOptions.addFlags(f)
+	o.authenticationOptions.addFlags(f)
 }

 type Setup struct {
@@ -51,9 +46,9 @@ func (cmd *Setup) New() *cobra.Command {
 				ClientID:       o.ClientID,
 				ClientSecret:   o.ClientSecret,
 				ExtraScopes:    o.ExtraScopes,
-				CACertFilename: o.CACertFilename,
-				CACertData:     o.CACertData,
-				SkipTLSVerify:  o.SkipTLSVerify,
+				CACertFilename: o.tlsOptions.CACertFilename,
+				CACertData:     o.tlsOptions.CACertData,
+				SkipTLSVerify:  o.tlsOptions.SkipTLSVerify,
 				GrantOptionSet: grantOptionSet,
 			}
 			if c.Flags().Lookup("listen-address").Changed {
@@ -69,6 +64,7 @@ func (cmd *Setup) New() *cobra.Command {
 			return nil
 		},
 	}
-	o.register(c.Flags())
+	c.Flags().SortFlags = false
+	o.addFlags(c.Flags())
 	return c
 }
--- a/pkg/adaptors/cmd/tls.go
+++ b/pkg/adaptors/cmd/tls.go
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+package cmd
+
+import "github.com/spf13/pflag"
+
+type tlsOptions struct {
+	CACertFilename string
+	CACertData     string
+	SkipTLSVerify  bool
+}
+
+func (o *tlsOptions) addFlags(f *pflag.FlagSet) {
+	f.StringVar(&o.CACertFilename, "certificate-authority", "", "Path to a cert file for the certificate authority")
+	f.StringVar(&o.CACertData, "certificate-authority-data", "", "Base64 encoded cert for the certificate authority")
+	f.BoolVar(&o.SkipTLSVerify, "insecure-skip-tls-verify", false, "If set, the server's certificate will not be checked for validity. This will make your HTTPS connections insecure")
+}
--- a/pkg/adaptors/credentialpluginwriter/mock_credentialpluginwriter/mock_credentialpluginwriter.go
+++ b/pkg/adaptors/credentialpluginwriter/mock_credentialpluginwriter/mock_credentialpluginwriter.go
@@ -10,30 +10,30 @@ import (
 	reflect "reflect"
 )

-// MockInterface is a mock of Interface interface
+// MockInterface is a mock of Interface interface.
 type MockInterface struct {
 	ctrl     *gomock.Controller
 	recorder *MockInterfaceMockRecorder
 }

-// MockInterfaceMockRecorder is the mock recorder for MockInterface
+// MockInterfaceMockRecorder is the mock recorder for MockInterface.
 type MockInterfaceMockRecorder struct {
 	mock *MockInterface
 }

-// NewMockInterface creates a new mock instance
+// NewMockInterface creates a new mock instance.
 func NewMockInterface(ctrl *gomock.Controller) *MockInterface {
 	mock := &MockInterface{ctrl: ctrl}
 	mock.recorder = &MockInterfaceMockRecorder{mock}
 	return mock
 }

-// EXPECT returns an object that allows the caller to indicate expected use
+// EXPECT returns an object that allows the caller to indicate expected use.
 func (m *MockInterface) EXPECT() *MockInterfaceMockRecorder {
 	return m.recorder
 }

-// Write mocks base method
+// Write mocks base method.
 func (m *MockInterface) Write(arg0 credentialpluginwriter.Output) error {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "Write", arg0)
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ func (m *MockInterface) Write(arg0 credentialpluginwriter.Output) error {
 	return ret0
 }

-// Write indicates an expected call of Write
+// Write indicates an expected call of Write.
 func (mr *MockInterfaceMockRecorder) Write(arg0 interface{}) *gomock.Call {
 	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "Write", reflect.TypeOf((*MockInterface)(nil).Write), arg0)
--- a/pkg/adaptors/kubeconfig/mock_kubeconfig/mock_kubeconfig.go
+++ b/pkg/adaptors/kubeconfig/mock_kubeconfig/mock_kubeconfig.go
@@ -10,30 +10,30 @@ import (
 	reflect "reflect"
 )

-// MockInterface is a mock of Interface interface
+// MockInterface is a mock of Interface interface.
 type MockInterface struct {
 	ctrl     *gomock.Controller
 	recorder *MockInterfaceMockRecorder
 }

-// MockInterfaceMockRecorder is the mock recorder for MockInterface
+// MockInterfaceMockRecorder is the mock recorder for MockInterface.
 type MockInterfaceMockRecorder struct {
 	mock *MockInterface
 }

-// NewMockInterface creates a new mock instance
+// NewMockInterface creates a new mock instance.
 func NewMockInterface(ctrl *gomock.Controller) *MockInterface {
 	mock := &MockInterface{ctrl: ctrl}
 	mock.recorder = &MockInterfaceMockRecorder{mock}
 	return mock
 }

-// EXPECT returns an object that allows the caller to indicate expected use
+// EXPECT returns an object that allows the caller to indicate expected use.
 func (m *MockInterface) EXPECT() *MockInterfaceMockRecorder {
 	return m.recorder
 }

-// GetCurrentAuthProvider mocks base method
+// GetCurrentAuthProvider mocks base method.
 func (m *MockInterface) GetCurrentAuthProvider(arg0 string, arg1 kubeconfig.ContextName, arg2 kubeconfig.UserName) (*kubeconfig.AuthProvider, error) {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "GetCurrentAuthProvider", arg0, arg1, arg2)
@@ -42,13 +42,13 @@ func (m *MockInterface) GetCurrentAuthProvider(arg0 string, arg1 kubeconfig.Cont
 	return ret0, ret1
 }

-// GetCurrentAuthProvider indicates an expected call of GetCurrentAuthProvider
+// GetCurrentAuthProvider indicates an expected call of GetCurrentAuthProvider.
 func (mr *MockInterfaceMockRecorder) GetCurrentAuthProvider(arg0, arg1, arg2 interface{}) *gomock.Call {
 	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "GetCurrentAuthProvider", reflect.TypeOf((*MockInterface)(nil).GetCurrentAuthProvider), arg0, arg1, arg2)
 }

-// UpdateAuthProvider mocks base method
+// UpdateAuthProvider mocks base method.
 func (m *MockInterface) UpdateAuthProvider(arg0 *kubeconfig.AuthProvider) error {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "UpdateAuthProvider", arg0)
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ func (m *MockInterface) UpdateAuthProvider(arg0 *kubeconfig.AuthProvider) error
 	return ret0
 }

-// UpdateAuthProvider indicates an expected call of UpdateAuthProvider
+// UpdateAuthProvider indicates an expected call of UpdateAuthProvider.
 func (mr *MockInterfaceMockRecorder) UpdateAuthProvider(arg0 interface{}) *gomock.Call {
 	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "UpdateAuthProvider", reflect.TypeOf((*MockInterface)(nil).UpdateAuthProvider), arg0)
--- a/pkg/adaptors/oidcclient/mock_oidcclient/mock_oidcclient.go
+++ b/pkg/adaptors/oidcclient/mock_oidcclient/mock_oidcclient.go
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	context "context"
 	gomock "github.com/golang/mock/gomock"
 	oidcclient "github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/oidcclient"
+	oidc "github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/oidc"
 	reflect "reflect"
 )

@@ -35,10 +36,10 @@ func (m *MockInterface) EXPECT() *MockInterfaceMockRecorder {
 }

 // ExchangeAuthCode mocks base method.
-func (m *MockInterface) ExchangeAuthCode(arg0 context.Context, arg1 oidcclient.ExchangeAuthCodeInput) (*oidcclient.TokenSet, error) {
+func (m *MockInterface) ExchangeAuthCode(arg0 context.Context, arg1 oidcclient.ExchangeAuthCodeInput) (*oidc.TokenSet, error) {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "ExchangeAuthCode", arg0, arg1)
-	ret0, _ := ret[0].(*oidcclient.TokenSet)
+	ret0, _ := ret[0].(*oidc.TokenSet)
 	ret1, _ := ret[1].(error)
 	return ret0, ret1
 }
@@ -64,10 +65,10 @@ func (mr *MockInterfaceMockRecorder) GetAuthCodeURL(arg0 interface{}) *gomock.Ca
 }

 // GetTokenByAuthCode mocks base method.
-func (m *MockInterface) GetTokenByAuthCode(arg0 context.Context, arg1 oidcclient.GetTokenByAuthCodeInput, arg2 chan<- string) (*oidcclient.TokenSet, error) {
+func (m *MockInterface) GetTokenByAuthCode(arg0 context.Context, arg1 oidcclient.GetTokenByAuthCodeInput, arg2 chan<- string) (*oidc.TokenSet, error) {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "GetTokenByAuthCode", arg0, arg1, arg2)
-	ret0, _ := ret[0].(*oidcclient.TokenSet)
+	ret0, _ := ret[0].(*oidc.TokenSet)
 	ret1, _ := ret[1].(error)
 	return ret0, ret1
 }
@@ -79,10 +80,10 @@ func (mr *MockInterfaceMockRecorder) GetTokenByAuthCode(arg0, arg1, arg2 interfa
 }

 // GetTokenByROPC mocks base method.
-func (m *MockInterface) GetTokenByROPC(arg0 context.Context, arg1, arg2 string) (*oidcclient.TokenSet, error) {
+func (m *MockInterface) GetTokenByROPC(arg0 context.Context, arg1, arg2 string) (*oidc.TokenSet, error) {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "GetTokenByROPC", arg0, arg1, arg2)
-	ret0, _ := ret[0].(*oidcclient.TokenSet)
+	ret0, _ := ret[0].(*oidc.TokenSet)
 	ret1, _ := ret[1].(error)
 	return ret0, ret1
 }
@@ -94,10 +95,10 @@ func (mr *MockInterfaceMockRecorder) GetTokenByROPC(arg0, arg1, arg2 interface{}
 }

 // Refresh mocks base method.
-func (m *MockInterface) Refresh(arg0 context.Context, arg1 string) (*oidcclient.TokenSet, error) {
+func (m *MockInterface) Refresh(arg0 context.Context, arg1 string) (*oidc.TokenSet, error) {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "Refresh", arg0, arg1)
-	ret0, _ := ret[0].(*oidcclient.TokenSet)
+	ret0, _ := ret[0].(*oidc.TokenSet)
 	ret1, _ := ret[1].(error)
 	return ret0, ret1
 }
--- a/pkg/adaptors/oidcclient/oidcclient.go
+++ b/pkg/adaptors/oidcclient/oidcclient.go
@@ -5,11 +5,12 @@ import (
 	"net/http"
 	"time"

-	"github.com/coreos/go-oidc"
+	gooidc "github.com/coreos/go-oidc"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/clock"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/logger"
-	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/domain/jwt"
-	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/domain/pkce"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/jwt"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/oidc"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/pkce"
 	"github.com/int128/oauth2cli"
 	"golang.org/x/oauth2"
 	"golang.org/x/xerrors"
@@ -19,10 +20,10 @@ import (

 type Interface interface {
 	GetAuthCodeURL(in AuthCodeURLInput) string
-	ExchangeAuthCode(ctx context.Context, in ExchangeAuthCodeInput) (*TokenSet, error)
-	GetTokenByAuthCode(ctx context.Context, in GetTokenByAuthCodeInput, localServerReadyChan chan<- string) (*TokenSet, error)
-	GetTokenByROPC(ctx context.Context, username, password string) (*TokenSet, error)
-	Refresh(ctx context.Context, refreshToken string) (*TokenSet, error)
+	ExchangeAuthCode(ctx context.Context, in ExchangeAuthCodeInput) (*oidc.TokenSet, error)
+	GetTokenByAuthCode(ctx context.Context, in GetTokenByAuthCodeInput, localServerReadyChan chan<- string) (*oidc.TokenSet, error)
+	GetTokenByROPC(ctx context.Context, username, password string) (*oidc.TokenSet, error)
+	Refresh(ctx context.Context, refreshToken string) (*oidc.TokenSet, error)
 	SupportedPKCEMethods() []string
 }

@@ -48,19 +49,12 @@ type GetTokenByAuthCodeInput struct {
 	PKCEParams             pkce.Params
 	RedirectURLHostname    string
 	AuthRequestExtraParams map[string]string
-}
-
-// TokenSet represents an output DTO of
-// Interface.GetTokenByAuthCode, Interface.GetTokenByROPC and Interface.Refresh.
-type TokenSet struct {
-	IDToken       string
-	RefreshToken  string
-	IDTokenClaims jwt.Claims
+	LocalServerSuccessHTML string
 }

 type client struct {
 	httpClient           *http.Client
-	provider             *oidc.Provider
+	provider             *gooidc.Provider
 	oauth2Config         oauth2.Config
 	clock                clock.Interface
 	logger               logger.Interface
@@ -75,7 +69,7 @@ func (c *client) wrapContext(ctx context.Context) context.Context {
 }

 // GetTokenByAuthCode performs the authorization code flow.
-func (c *client) GetTokenByAuthCode(ctx context.Context, in GetTokenByAuthCodeInput, localServerReadyChan chan<- string) (*TokenSet, error) {
+func (c *client) GetTokenByAuthCode(ctx context.Context, in GetTokenByAuthCodeInput, localServerReadyChan chan<- string) (*oidc.TokenSet, error) {
 	ctx = c.wrapContext(ctx)
 	config := oauth2cli.Config{
 		OAuth2Config:           c.oauth2Config,
@@ -85,6 +79,8 @@ func (c *client) GetTokenByAuthCode(ctx context.Context, in GetTokenByAuthCodeIn
 		LocalServerBindAddress: in.BindAddress,
 		LocalServerReadyChan:   localServerReadyChan,
 		RedirectURLHostname:    in.RedirectURLHostname,
+		LocalServerSuccessHTML: in.LocalServerSuccessHTML,
+		Logf:                   c.logger.V(1).Infof,
 	}
 	token, err := oauth2cli.GetToken(ctx, config)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -102,7 +98,7 @@ func (c *client) GetAuthCodeURL(in AuthCodeURLInput) string {
 }

 // ExchangeAuthCode exchanges the authorization code and token.
-func (c *client) ExchangeAuthCode(ctx context.Context, in ExchangeAuthCodeInput) (*TokenSet, error) {
+func (c *client) ExchangeAuthCode(ctx context.Context, in ExchangeAuthCodeInput) (*oidc.TokenSet, error) {
 	ctx = c.wrapContext(ctx)
 	cfg := c.oauth2Config
 	cfg.RedirectURL = in.RedirectURI
@@ -117,7 +113,7 @@ func (c *client) ExchangeAuthCode(ctx context.Context, in ExchangeAuthCodeInput)
 func authorizationRequestOptions(n string, p pkce.Params, e map[string]string) []oauth2.AuthCodeOption {
 	o := []oauth2.AuthCodeOption{
 		oauth2.AccessTypeOffline,
-		oidc.Nonce(n),
+		gooidc.Nonce(n),
 	}
 	if !p.IsZero() {
 		o = append(o,
@@ -145,7 +141,7 @@ func (c *client) SupportedPKCEMethods() []string {
 }

 // GetTokenByROPC performs the resource owner password credentials flow.
-func (c *client) GetTokenByROPC(ctx context.Context, username, password string) (*TokenSet, error) {
+func (c *client) GetTokenByROPC(ctx context.Context, username, password string) (*oidc.TokenSet, error) {
 	ctx = c.wrapContext(ctx)
 	token, err := c.oauth2Config.PasswordCredentialsToken(ctx, username, password)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -155,7 +151,7 @@ func (c *client) GetTokenByROPC(ctx context.Context, username, password string)
 }

 // Refresh sends a refresh token request and returns a token set.
-func (c *client) Refresh(ctx context.Context, refreshToken string) (*TokenSet, error) {
+func (c *client) Refresh(ctx context.Context, refreshToken string) (*oidc.TokenSet, error) {
 	ctx = c.wrapContext(ctx)
 	currentToken := &oauth2.Token{
 		Expiry:       time.Now(),
@@ -171,12 +167,12 @@ func (c *client) Refresh(ctx context.Context, refreshToken string) (*TokenSet, e

 // verifyToken verifies the token with the certificates of the provider and the nonce.
 // If the nonce is an empty string, it does not verify the nonce.
-func (c *client) verifyToken(ctx context.Context, token *oauth2.Token, nonce string) (*TokenSet, error) {
+func (c *client) verifyToken(ctx context.Context, token *oauth2.Token, nonce string) (*oidc.TokenSet, error) {
 	idToken, ok := token.Extra("id_token").(string)
 	if !ok {
 		return nil, xerrors.Errorf("id_token is missing in the token response: %s", token)
 	}
-	verifier := c.provider.Verifier(&oidc.Config{ClientID: c.oauth2Config.ClientID, Now: c.clock.Now})
+	verifier := c.provider.Verifier(&gooidc.Config{ClientID: c.oauth2Config.ClientID, Now: c.clock.Now})
 	verifiedIDToken, err := verifier.Verify(ctx, idToken)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, xerrors.Errorf("could not verify the ID token: %w", err)
@@ -188,7 +184,7 @@ func (c *client) verifyToken(ctx context.Context, token *oauth2.Token, nonce str
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, xerrors.Errorf("could not decode the token: %w", err)
 	}
-	return &TokenSet{
+	return &oidc.TokenSet{
 		IDToken: idToken,
 		IDTokenClaims: jwt.Claims{
 			Subject: verifiedIDToken.Subject,
--- a/pkg/adaptors/reader/mock_reader/mock_reader.go
+++ b/pkg/adaptors/reader/mock_reader/mock_reader.go
@@ -9,30 +9,30 @@ import (
 	reflect "reflect"
 )

-// MockInterface is a mock of Interface interface
+// MockInterface is a mock of Interface interface.
 type MockInterface struct {
 	ctrl     *gomock.Controller
 	recorder *MockInterfaceMockRecorder
 }

-// MockInterfaceMockRecorder is the mock recorder for MockInterface
+// MockInterfaceMockRecorder is the mock recorder for MockInterface.
 type MockInterfaceMockRecorder struct {
 	mock *MockInterface
 }

-// NewMockInterface creates a new mock instance
+// NewMockInterface creates a new mock instance.
 func NewMockInterface(ctrl *gomock.Controller) *MockInterface {
 	mock := &MockInterface{ctrl: ctrl}
 	mock.recorder = &MockInterfaceMockRecorder{mock}
 	return mock
 }

-// EXPECT returns an object that allows the caller to indicate expected use
+// EXPECT returns an object that allows the caller to indicate expected use.
 func (m *MockInterface) EXPECT() *MockInterfaceMockRecorder {
 	return m.recorder
 }

-// ReadPassword mocks base method
+// ReadPassword mocks base method.
 func (m *MockInterface) ReadPassword(arg0 string) (string, error) {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "ReadPassword", arg0)
@@ -41,13 +41,13 @@ func (m *MockInterface) ReadPassword(arg0 string) (string, error) {
 	return ret0, ret1
 }

-// ReadPassword indicates an expected call of ReadPassword
+// ReadPassword indicates an expected call of ReadPassword.
 func (mr *MockInterfaceMockRecorder) ReadPassword(arg0 interface{}) *gomock.Call {
 	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "ReadPassword", reflect.TypeOf((*MockInterface)(nil).ReadPassword), arg0)
 }

-// ReadString mocks base method
+// ReadString mocks base method.
 func (m *MockInterface) ReadString(arg0 string) (string, error) {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "ReadString", arg0)
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ func (m *MockInterface) ReadString(arg0 string) (string, error) {
 	return ret0, ret1
 }

-// ReadString indicates an expected call of ReadString
+// ReadString indicates an expected call of ReadString.
 func (mr *MockInterfaceMockRecorder) ReadString(arg0 interface{}) *gomock.Call {
 	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "ReadString", reflect.TypeOf((*MockInterface)(nil).ReadString), arg0)
--- a/pkg/adaptors/tokencache/mock_tokencache/mock_tokencache.go
+++ b/pkg/adaptors/tokencache/mock_tokencache/mock_tokencache.go
@@ -10,30 +10,30 @@ import (
 	reflect "reflect"
 )

-// MockInterface is a mock of Interface interface
+// MockInterface is a mock of Interface interface.
 type MockInterface struct {
 	ctrl     *gomock.Controller
 	recorder *MockInterfaceMockRecorder
 }

-// MockInterfaceMockRecorder is the mock recorder for MockInterface
+// MockInterfaceMockRecorder is the mock recorder for MockInterface.
 type MockInterfaceMockRecorder struct {
 	mock *MockInterface
 }

-// NewMockInterface creates a new mock instance
+// NewMockInterface creates a new mock instance.
 func NewMockInterface(ctrl *gomock.Controller) *MockInterface {
 	mock := &MockInterface{ctrl: ctrl}
 	mock.recorder = &MockInterfaceMockRecorder{mock}
 	return mock
 }

-// EXPECT returns an object that allows the caller to indicate expected use
+// EXPECT returns an object that allows the caller to indicate expected use.
 func (m *MockInterface) EXPECT() *MockInterfaceMockRecorder {
 	return m.recorder
 }

-// FindByKey mocks base method
+// FindByKey mocks base method.
 func (m *MockInterface) FindByKey(arg0 string, arg1 tokencache.Key) (*tokencache.Value, error) {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "FindByKey", arg0, arg1)
@@ -42,13 +42,13 @@ func (m *MockInterface) FindByKey(arg0 string, arg1 tokencache.Key) (*tokencache
 	return ret0, ret1
 }

-// FindByKey indicates an expected call of FindByKey
+// FindByKey indicates an expected call of FindByKey.
 func (mr *MockInterfaceMockRecorder) FindByKey(arg0, arg1 interface{}) *gomock.Call {
 	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "FindByKey", reflect.TypeOf((*MockInterface)(nil).FindByKey), arg0, arg1)
 }

-// Save mocks base method
+// Save mocks base method.
 func (m *MockInterface) Save(arg0 string, arg1 tokencache.Key, arg2 tokencache.Value) error {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "Save", arg0, arg1, arg2)
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ func (m *MockInterface) Save(arg0 string, arg1 tokencache.Key, arg2 tokencache.V
 	return ret0
 }

-// Save indicates an expected call of Save
+// Save indicates an expected call of Save.
 func (mr *MockInterfaceMockRecorder) Save(arg0, arg1, arg2 interface{}) *gomock.Call {
 	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "Save", reflect.TypeOf((*MockInterface)(nil).Save), arg0, arg1, arg2)
--- a/pkg/di/wire_gen.go
+++ b/pkg/di/wire_gen.go
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/stdio"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/tokencache"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/usecases/authentication"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/usecases/authentication/authcode"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/usecases/authentication/ropc"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/usecases/credentialplugin"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/usecases/setup"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/usecases/standalone"
@@ -26,6 +28,7 @@ import (

 // Injectors from di.go:

+// NewCmd returns an instance of adaptors.Cmd.
 func NewCmd() cmd.Interface {
 	clockReal := &clock.Real{}
 	stdin := _wireFileValue
@@ -41,23 +44,24 @@ var (
 	_wireOsFileValue = os.Stdout
 )

+// NewCmdForHeadless returns an instance of adaptors.Cmd for headless testing.
 func NewCmdForHeadless(clockInterface clock.Interface, stdin stdio.Stdin, stdout stdio.Stdout, loggerInterface logger.Interface, browserInterface browser.Interface) cmd.Interface {
 	factory := &oidcclient.Factory{
 		Clock:  clockInterface,
 		Logger: loggerInterface,
 	}
-	authCode := &authentication.AuthCode{
+	authcodeBrowser := &authcode.Browser{
 		Browser: browserInterface,
 		Logger:  loggerInterface,
 	}
 	readerReader := &reader.Reader{
 		Stdin: stdin,
 	}
-	authCodeKeyboard := &authentication.AuthCodeKeyboard{
+	keyboard := &authcode.Keyboard{
 		Reader: readerReader,
 		Logger: loggerInterface,
 	}
-	ropc := &authentication.ROPC{
+	ropcROPC := &ropc.ROPC{
 		Reader: readerReader,
 		Logger: loggerInterface,
 	}
@@ -65,9 +69,9 @@ func NewCmdForHeadless(clockInterface clock.Interface, stdin stdio.Stdin, stdout
 		OIDCClient:       factory,
 		Logger:           loggerInterface,
 		Clock:            clockInterface,
-		AuthCode:         authCode,
-		AuthCodeKeyboard: authCodeKeyboard,
-		ROPC:             ropc,
+		AuthCodeBrowser:  authcodeBrowser,
+		AuthCodeKeyboard: keyboard,
+		ROPC:             ropcROPC,
 	}
 	kubeconfigKubeconfig := &kubeconfig.Kubeconfig{
 		Logger: loggerInterface,
--- a/pkg/domain/jwt/decode.go
+++ b/pkg/domain/jwt/decode.go
--- a/pkg/domain/jwt/decode_test.go
+++ b/pkg/domain/jwt/decode_test.go
--- a/pkg/domain/jwt/token.go
+++ b/pkg/domain/jwt/token.go
--- a/pkg/domain/jwt/token_test.go
+++ b/pkg/domain/jwt/token_test.go
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 	"time"

-	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/domain/jwt"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/jwt"
 )

 type timeProvider time.Time
--- a/pkg/domain/oidc/oidc.go
+++ b/pkg/domain/oidc/oidc.go
@@ -5,9 +5,18 @@ import (
 	"encoding/base64"
 	"encoding/binary"

+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/jwt"
 	"golang.org/x/xerrors"
 )

+// TokenSet represents an output DTO of
+// Interface.GetTokenByAuthCode, Interface.GetTokenByROPC and Interface.Refresh.
+type TokenSet struct {
+	IDToken       string
+	RefreshToken  string
+	IDTokenClaims jwt.Claims
+}
+
 func NewState() (string, error) {
 	b, err := random32()
 	if err != nil {
--- a/pkg/domain/pkce/pkce.go
+++ b/pkg/domain/pkce/pkce.go
--- a/pkg/domain/pkce/pkce_test.go
+++ b/pkg/domain/pkce/pkce_test.go
--- a/pkg/testing/httpserver/httpserver.go
+++ b/pkg/testing/httpserver/httpserver.go
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"log"
+	"net/http"
+
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/usecases/authentication/authcode"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	http.HandleFunc("/BrowserSuccessHTML", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.Header().Add("content-type", "text/html")
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte(authcode.BrowserSuccessHTML))
+	})
+	http.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.Header().Add("content-type", "text/html")
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte(`
+<html>
+<body>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="BrowserSuccessHTML">BrowserSuccessHTML</a></li>
+</ul>
+</body>
+</html>
+`))
+	})
+	log.Printf("http://localhost:8000")
+	log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe("127.0.0.1:8000", nil))
+}
--- a/pkg/usecases/authentication/authcode/browser.go
+++ b/pkg/usecases/authentication/authcode/browser.go
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package authentication
+package authcode

 import (
 	"context"
@@ -6,20 +6,28 @@ import (
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/browser"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/logger"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/oidcclient"
-	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/domain/oidc"
-	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/domain/pkce"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/oidc"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/pkce"
 	"golang.org/x/sync/errgroup"
 	"golang.org/x/xerrors"
 )

-// AuthCode provides the authentication code flow.
-type AuthCode struct {
+type BrowserOption struct {
+	SkipOpenBrowser            bool
+	BindAddress                []string
+	OpenURLAfterAuthentication string
+	RedirectURLHostname        string
+	AuthRequestExtraParams     map[string]string
+}
+
+// Browser provides the authentication code flow using the browser.
+type Browser struct {
 	Browser browser.Interface
 	Logger  logger.Interface
 }

-func (u *AuthCode) Do(ctx context.Context, o *AuthCodeOption, client oidcclient.Interface) (*Output, error) {
-	u.Logger.V(1).Infof("performing the authentication code flow")
+func (u *Browser) Do(ctx context.Context, o *BrowserOption, client oidcclient.Interface) (*oidc.TokenSet, error) {
+	u.Logger.V(1).Infof("starting the authentication code flow using the browser")
 	state, err := oidc.NewState()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, xerrors.Errorf("could not generate a state: %w", err)
@@ -32,6 +40,10 @@ func (u *AuthCode) Do(ctx context.Context, o *AuthCodeOption, client oidcclient.
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, xerrors.Errorf("could not generate PKCE parameters: %w", err)
 	}
+	successHTML := BrowserSuccessHTML
+	if o.OpenURLAfterAuthentication != "" {
+		successHTML = BrowserRedirectHTML(o.OpenURLAfterAuthentication)
+	}
 	in := oidcclient.GetTokenByAuthCodeInput{
 		BindAddress:            o.BindAddress,
 		State:                  state,
@@ -39,11 +51,11 @@ func (u *AuthCode) Do(ctx context.Context, o *AuthCodeOption, client oidcclient.
 		PKCEParams:             p,
 		RedirectURLHostname:    o.RedirectURLHostname,
 		AuthRequestExtraParams: o.AuthRequestExtraParams,
+		LocalServerSuccessHTML: successHTML,
 	}
 	readyChan := make(chan string, 1)
-	defer close(readyChan)
-	var out Output
-	eg, ctx := errgroup.WithContext(ctx)
+	var out *oidc.TokenSet
+	var eg errgroup.Group
 	eg.Go(func() error {
 		select {
 		case url, ok := <-readyChan:
@@ -54,6 +66,7 @@ func (u *AuthCode) Do(ctx context.Context, o *AuthCodeOption, client oidcclient.
 				u.Logger.Printf("Please visit the following URL in your browser: %s", url)
 				return nil
 			}
+			u.Logger.V(1).Infof("opening %s in the browser", url)
 			if err := u.Browser.Open(url); err != nil {
 				u.Logger.Printf(`error: could not open the browser: %s

@@ -66,19 +79,18 @@ Please visit the following URL in your browser manually: %s`, err, url)
 		}
 	})
 	eg.Go(func() error {
+		defer close(readyChan)
 		tokenSet, err := client.GetTokenByAuthCode(ctx, in, readyChan)
 		if err != nil {
 			return xerrors.Errorf("authorization code flow error: %w", err)
 		}
-		out = Output{
-			IDToken:       tokenSet.IDToken,
-			IDTokenClaims: tokenSet.IDTokenClaims,
-			RefreshToken:  tokenSet.RefreshToken,
-		}
+		out = tokenSet
+		u.Logger.V(1).Infof("got a token set by the authorization code flow")
 		return nil
 	})
 	if err := eg.Wait(); err != nil {
 		return nil, xerrors.Errorf("authentication error: %w", err)
 	}
-	return &out, nil
+	u.Logger.V(1).Infof("finished the authorization code flow via the browser")
+	return out, nil
 }
--- a/pkg/usecases/authentication/authcode/browser_html.go
+++ b/pkg/usecases/authentication/authcode/browser_html.go
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+package authcode
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"net/url"
+)
+
+// BrowserSuccessHTML is the success page on browser based authentication.
+const BrowserSuccessHTML = `
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+	<meta charset="UTF-8">
+	<title>Authenticated</title>
+	<script>
+		window.close()
+	</script>
+	<style>
+		body {
+			background-color: #eee;
+			margin: 0;
+			padding: 0;
+			font-family: sans-serif;
+		}
+		.placeholder {
+			margin: 2em;
+			padding: 2em;
+			background-color: #fff;
+			border-radius: 1em;
+		}
+	</style>
+</head>
+<body>
+	<div class="placeholder">
+		<h1>Authenticated</h1>
+		<p>You have logged in to the cluster. You can close this window.</p>
+	</div>
+</body>
+</html>
+`
+
+func BrowserRedirectHTML(target string) string {
+	targetURL, err := url.Parse(target)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Sprintf(`invalid URL is set: %s`, err)
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf(`
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+	<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="0;URL=%s">
+	<meta charset="UTF-8">
+	<title>Authenticated</title>
+</head>
+<body>
+	<a href="%s">redirecting...</a>
+</body>
+</html>
+`, targetURL, targetURL)
+}
--- a/pkg/usecases/authentication/authcode/browser_test.go
+++ b/pkg/usecases/authentication/authcode/browser_test.go
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package authentication
+package authcode

 import (
 	"context"
@@ -10,11 +10,12 @@ import (
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/browser/mock_browser"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/oidcclient"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/oidcclient/mock_oidcclient"
-	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/domain/jwt"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/jwt"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/oidc"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/testing/logger"
 )

-func TestAuthCode_Do(t *testing.T) {
+func TestBrowser_Do(t *testing.T) {
 	dummyTokenClaims := jwt.Claims{
 		Subject: "YOUR_SUBJECT",
 		Expiry:  time.Date(2019, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 0, time.UTC),
@@ -27,11 +28,12 @@ func TestAuthCode_Do(t *testing.T) {
 		defer ctrl.Finish()
 		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.TODO(), timeout)
 		defer cancel()
-		o := &AuthCodeOption{
-			BindAddress:            []string{"127.0.0.1:8000"},
-			SkipOpenBrowser:        true,
-			RedirectURLHostname:    "localhost",
-			AuthRequestExtraParams: map[string]string{"ttl": "86400", "reauth": "true"},
+		o := &BrowserOption{
+			BindAddress:                []string{"127.0.0.1:8000"},
+			SkipOpenBrowser:            true,
+			OpenURLAfterAuthentication: "https://example.com/success.html",
+			RedirectURLHostname:        "localhost",
+			AuthRequestExtraParams:     map[string]string{"ttl": "86400", "reauth": "true"},
 		}
 		mockOIDCClient := mock_oidcclient.NewMockInterface(ctrl)
 		mockOIDCClient.EXPECT().SupportedPKCEMethods()
@@ -41,6 +43,9 @@ func TestAuthCode_Do(t *testing.T) {
 				if diff := cmp.Diff(o.BindAddress, in.BindAddress); diff != "" {
 					t.Errorf("BindAddress mismatch (-want +got):\n%s", diff)
 				}
+				if diff := cmp.Diff(BrowserRedirectHTML("https://example.com/success.html"), in.LocalServerSuccessHTML); diff != "" {
+					t.Errorf("LocalServerSuccessHTML mismatch (-want +got):\n%s", diff)
+				}
 				if diff := cmp.Diff(o.RedirectURLHostname, in.RedirectURLHostname); diff != "" {
 					t.Errorf("RedirectURLHostname mismatch (-want +got):\n%s", diff)
 				}
@@ -49,19 +54,19 @@ func TestAuthCode_Do(t *testing.T) {
 				}
 				readyChan <- "LOCAL_SERVER_URL"
 			}).
-			Return(&oidcclient.TokenSet{
+			Return(&oidc.TokenSet{
 				IDToken:       "YOUR_ID_TOKEN",
 				RefreshToken:  "YOUR_REFRESH_TOKEN",
 				IDTokenClaims: dummyTokenClaims,
 			}, nil)
-		u := AuthCode{
+		u := Browser{
 			Logger: logger.New(t),
 		}
 		got, err := u.Do(ctx, o, mockOIDCClient)
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Errorf("Do returned error: %+v", err)
 		}
-		want := &Output{
+		want := &oidc.TokenSet{
 			IDToken:       "YOUR_ID_TOKEN",
 			RefreshToken:  "YOUR_REFRESH_TOKEN",
 			IDTokenClaims: dummyTokenClaims,
@@ -76,7 +81,7 @@ func TestAuthCode_Do(t *testing.T) {
 		defer ctrl.Finish()
 		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.TODO(), timeout)
 		defer cancel()
-		o := &AuthCodeOption{
+		o := &BrowserOption{
 			BindAddress: []string{"127.0.0.1:8000"},
 		}
 		mockOIDCClient := mock_oidcclient.NewMockInterface(ctrl)
@@ -86,7 +91,7 @@ func TestAuthCode_Do(t *testing.T) {
 			Do(func(_ context.Context, _ oidcclient.GetTokenByAuthCodeInput, readyChan chan<- string) {
 				readyChan <- "LOCAL_SERVER_URL"
 			}).
-			Return(&oidcclient.TokenSet{
+			Return(&oidc.TokenSet{
 				IDToken:       "YOUR_ID_TOKEN",
 				RefreshToken:  "YOUR_REFRESH_TOKEN",
 				IDTokenClaims: dummyTokenClaims,
@@ -94,7 +99,7 @@ func TestAuthCode_Do(t *testing.T) {
 		mockBrowser := mock_browser.NewMockInterface(ctrl)
 		mockBrowser.EXPECT().
 			Open("LOCAL_SERVER_URL")
-		u := AuthCode{
+		u := Browser{
 			Logger:  logger.New(t),
 			Browser: mockBrowser,
 		}
@@ -102,7 +107,7 @@ func TestAuthCode_Do(t *testing.T) {
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Errorf("Do returned error: %+v", err)
 		}
-		want := &Output{
+		want := &oidc.TokenSet{
 			IDToken:       "YOUR_ID_TOKEN",
 			RefreshToken:  "YOUR_REFRESH_TOKEN",
 			IDTokenClaims: dummyTokenClaims,
--- a/pkg/usecases/authentication/authcode/keyboard.go
+++ b/pkg/usecases/authentication/authcode/keyboard.go
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package authentication
+package authcode

 import (
 	"context"
@@ -6,22 +6,26 @@ import (
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/logger"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/oidcclient"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/reader"
-	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/domain/oidc"
-	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/domain/pkce"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/oidc"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/pkce"
 	"golang.org/x/xerrors"
 )

-const authCodeKeyboardPrompt = "Enter code: "
+const keyboardPrompt = "Enter code: "
 const oobRedirectURI = "urn:ietf:wg:oauth:2.0:oob"

-// AuthCodeKeyboard provides the authorization code flow with keyboard interactive.
-type AuthCodeKeyboard struct {
+type KeyboardOption struct {
+	AuthRequestExtraParams map[string]string
+}
+
+// Keyboard provides the authorization code flow with keyboard interactive.
+type Keyboard struct {
 	Reader reader.Interface
 	Logger logger.Interface
 }

-func (u *AuthCodeKeyboard) Do(ctx context.Context, o *AuthCodeKeyboardOption, client oidcclient.Interface) (*Output, error) {
-	u.Logger.V(1).Infof("performing the authorization code flow with keyboard interactive")
+func (u *Keyboard) Do(ctx context.Context, o *KeyboardOption, client oidcclient.Interface) (*oidc.TokenSet, error) {
+	u.Logger.V(1).Infof("starting the authorization code flow with keyboard interactive")
 	state, err := oidc.NewState()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, xerrors.Errorf("could not generate a state: %w", err)
@@ -41,12 +45,13 @@ func (u *AuthCodeKeyboard) Do(ctx context.Context, o *AuthCodeKeyboardOption, cl
 		RedirectURI:            oobRedirectURI,
 		AuthRequestExtraParams: o.AuthRequestExtraParams,
 	})
-	u.Logger.Printf("Open %s", authCodeURL)
-	code, err := u.Reader.ReadString(authCodeKeyboardPrompt)
+	u.Logger.Printf("Please visit the following URL in your browser: %s", authCodeURL)
+	code, err := u.Reader.ReadString(keyboardPrompt)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, xerrors.Errorf("could not read an authorization code: %w", err)
 	}

+	u.Logger.V(1).Infof("exchanging the code and token")
 	tokenSet, err := client.ExchangeAuthCode(ctx, oidcclient.ExchangeAuthCodeInput{
 		Code:        code,
 		PKCEParams:  p,
@@ -56,9 +61,6 @@ func (u *AuthCodeKeyboard) Do(ctx context.Context, o *AuthCodeKeyboardOption, cl
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, xerrors.Errorf("could not exchange the authorization code: %w", err)
 	}
-	return &Output{
-		IDToken:       tokenSet.IDToken,
-		IDTokenClaims: tokenSet.IDTokenClaims,
-		RefreshToken:  tokenSet.RefreshToken,
-	}, nil
+	u.Logger.V(1).Infof("finished the authorization code flow with keyboard interactive")
+	return tokenSet, nil
 }
--- a/pkg/usecases/authentication/authcode/keyboard_test.go
+++ b/pkg/usecases/authentication/authcode/keyboard_test.go
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package authentication
+package authcode

 import (
 	"context"
@@ -10,13 +10,14 @@ import (
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/oidcclient"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/oidcclient/mock_oidcclient"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/reader/mock_reader"
-	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/domain/jwt"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/jwt"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/oidc"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/testing/logger"
 )

 var nonNil = gomock.Not(gomock.Nil())

-func TestAuthCodeKeyboard_Do(t *testing.T) {
+func TestKeyboard_Do(t *testing.T) {
 	dummyTokenClaims := jwt.Claims{
 		Subject: "YOUR_SUBJECT",
 		Expiry:  time.Date(2019, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 0, time.UTC),
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@ func TestAuthCodeKeyboard_Do(t *testing.T) {
 		defer ctrl.Finish()
 		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.TODO(), timeout)
 		defer cancel()
-		o := &AuthCodeKeyboardOption{
+		o := &KeyboardOption{
 			AuthRequestExtraParams: map[string]string{"ttl": "86400", "reauth": "true"},
 		}
 		mockOIDCClient := mock_oidcclient.NewMockInterface(ctrl)
@@ -49,16 +50,16 @@ func TestAuthCodeKeyboard_Do(t *testing.T) {
 					t.Errorf("Code wants YOUR_AUTH_CODE but was %s", in.Code)
 				}
 			}).
-			Return(&oidcclient.TokenSet{
+			Return(&oidc.TokenSet{
 				IDToken:       "YOUR_ID_TOKEN",
 				IDTokenClaims: dummyTokenClaims,
 				RefreshToken:  "YOUR_REFRESH_TOKEN",
 			}, nil)
 		mockReader := mock_reader.NewMockInterface(ctrl)
 		mockReader.EXPECT().
-			ReadString(authCodeKeyboardPrompt).
+			ReadString(keyboardPrompt).
 			Return("YOUR_AUTH_CODE", nil)
-		u := AuthCodeKeyboard{
+		u := Keyboard{
 			Reader: mockReader,
 			Logger: logger.New(t),
 		}
@@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ func TestAuthCodeKeyboard_Do(t *testing.T) {
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Errorf("Do returned error: %+v", err)
 		}
-		want := &Output{
+		want := &oidc.TokenSet{
 			IDToken:       "YOUR_ID_TOKEN",
 			IDTokenClaims: dummyTokenClaims,
 			RefreshToken:  "YOUR_REFRESH_TOKEN",
--- a/pkg/usecases/authentication/authentication.go
+++ b/pkg/usecases/authentication/authentication.go
@@ -8,7 +8,10 @@ import (
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/clock"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/logger"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/oidcclient"
-	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/domain/jwt"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/jwt"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/oidc"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/usecases/authentication/authcode"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/usecases/authentication/ropc"
 	"golang.org/x/xerrors"
 )

@@ -18,9 +21,9 @@ import (
 var Set = wire.NewSet(
 	wire.Struct(new(Authentication), "*"),
 	wire.Bind(new(Interface), new(*Authentication)),
-	wire.Struct(new(AuthCode), "*"),
-	wire.Struct(new(AuthCodeKeyboard), "*"),
-	wire.Struct(new(ROPC), "*"),
+	wire.Struct(new(authcode.Browser), "*"),
+	wire.Struct(new(authcode.Keyboard), "*"),
+	wire.Struct(new(ropc.ROPC), "*"),
 )

 type Interface interface {
@@ -41,38 +44,17 @@ type Input struct {
 }

 type GrantOptionSet struct {
-	AuthCodeOption         *AuthCodeOption
-	AuthCodeKeyboardOption *AuthCodeKeyboardOption
-	ROPCOption             *ROPCOption
-}
-
-type AuthCodeOption struct {
-	SkipOpenBrowser        bool
-	BindAddress            []string
-	RedirectURLHostname    string
-	AuthRequestExtraParams map[string]string
-}
-
-type AuthCodeKeyboardOption struct {
-	AuthRequestExtraParams map[string]string
-}
-
-type ROPCOption struct {
-	Username string
-	Password string // If empty, read a password using Reader.ReadPassword()
+	AuthCodeBrowserOption  *authcode.BrowserOption
+	AuthCodeKeyboardOption *authcode.KeyboardOption
+	ROPCOption             *ropc.Option
 }

 // Output represents an output DTO of the Authentication use-case.
 type Output struct {
 	AlreadyHasValidIDToken bool
-	IDToken                string
-	IDTokenClaims          jwt.Claims
-	RefreshToken           string
+	TokenSet               oidc.TokenSet
 }

-const usernamePrompt = "Username: "
-const passwordPrompt = "Password: "
-
 // Authentication provides the internal use-case of authentication.
 //
 // If the IDToken is not set, it performs the authentication flow.
@@ -90,9 +72,9 @@ type Authentication struct {
 	OIDCClient       oidcclient.FactoryInterface
 	Logger           logger.Interface
 	Clock            clock.Interface
-	AuthCode         *AuthCode
-	AuthCodeKeyboard *AuthCodeKeyboard
-	ROPC             *ROPC
+	AuthCodeBrowser  *authcode.Browser
+	AuthCodeKeyboard *authcode.Keyboard
+	ROPC             *ropc.ROPC
 }

 func (u *Authentication) Do(ctx context.Context, in Input) (*Output, error) {
@@ -109,9 +91,11 @@ func (u *Authentication) Do(ctx context.Context, in Input) (*Output, error) {
 			u.Logger.V(1).Infof("you already have a valid token until %s", claims.Expiry)
 			return &Output{
 				AlreadyHasValidIDToken: true,
-				IDToken:                in.IDToken,
-				RefreshToken:           in.RefreshToken,
-				IDTokenClaims:          *claims,
+				TokenSet: oidc.TokenSet{
+					IDToken:       in.IDToken,
+					RefreshToken:  in.RefreshToken,
+					IDTokenClaims: *claims,
+				},
 			}, nil
 		}
 		u.Logger.V(1).Infof("you have an expired token at %s", claims.Expiry)
@@ -135,22 +119,36 @@ func (u *Authentication) Do(ctx context.Context, in Input) (*Output, error) {
 		out, err := client.Refresh(ctx, in.RefreshToken)
 		if err == nil {
 			return &Output{
-				IDToken:       out.IDToken,
-				IDTokenClaims: out.IDTokenClaims,
-				RefreshToken:  out.RefreshToken,
+				TokenSet: oidc.TokenSet{
+					IDToken:       out.IDToken,
+					IDTokenClaims: out.IDTokenClaims,
+					RefreshToken:  out.RefreshToken,
+				},
 			}, nil
 		}
 		u.Logger.V(1).Infof("could not refresh the token: %s", err)
 	}

-	if in.GrantOptionSet.AuthCodeOption != nil {
-		return u.AuthCode.Do(ctx, in.GrantOptionSet.AuthCodeOption, client)
+	if in.GrantOptionSet.AuthCodeBrowserOption != nil {
+		tokenSet, err := u.AuthCodeBrowser.Do(ctx, in.GrantOptionSet.AuthCodeBrowserOption, client)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, xerrors.Errorf("authcode-browser error: %w", err)
+		}
+		return &Output{TokenSet: *tokenSet}, nil
 	}
 	if in.GrantOptionSet.AuthCodeKeyboardOption != nil {
-		return u.AuthCodeKeyboard.Do(ctx, in.GrantOptionSet.AuthCodeKeyboardOption, client)
+		tokenSet, err := u.AuthCodeKeyboard.Do(ctx, in.GrantOptionSet.AuthCodeKeyboardOption, client)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, xerrors.Errorf("authcode-keyboard error: %w", err)
+		}
+		return &Output{TokenSet: *tokenSet}, nil
 	}
 	if in.GrantOptionSet.ROPCOption != nil {
-		return u.ROPC.Do(ctx, in.GrantOptionSet.ROPCOption, client)
+		tokenSet, err := u.ROPC.Do(ctx, in.GrantOptionSet.ROPCOption, client)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, xerrors.Errorf("ropc error: %w", err)
+		}
+		return &Output{TokenSet: *tokenSet}, nil
 	}
 	return nil, xerrors.Errorf("any authorization grant must be set")
 }
--- a/pkg/usecases/authentication/authentication_test.go
+++ b/pkg/usecases/authentication/authentication_test.go
@@ -9,10 +9,13 @@ import (
 	"github.com/google/go-cmp/cmp"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/oidcclient"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/oidcclient/mock_oidcclient"
-	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/domain/jwt"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/jwt"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/oidc"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/testing/clock"
 	testingJWT "github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/testing/jwt"
 	testingLogger "github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/testing/logger"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/usecases/authentication/authcode"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/usecases/authentication/ropc"
 	"golang.org/x/xerrors"
 )

@@ -51,15 +54,17 @@ func TestAuthentication_Do(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 		want := &Output{
 			AlreadyHasValidIDToken: true,
-			IDToken:                cachedIDToken,
-			IDTokenClaims: jwt.Claims{
-				Subject: "SUBJECT",
-				Expiry:  expiryTime,
-				Pretty: `{
+			TokenSet: oidc.TokenSet{
+				IDToken: cachedIDToken,
+				IDTokenClaims: jwt.Claims{
+					Subject: "SUBJECT",
+					Expiry:  expiryTime,
+					Pretty: `{
  "exp": 1577934245,
  "iss": "https://issuer.example.com",
  "sub": "SUBJECT"
 }`,
+				},
 			},
 		}
 		if diff := cmp.Diff(want, got); diff != "" {
@@ -82,7 +87,7 @@ func TestAuthentication_Do(t *testing.T) {
 		mockOIDCClient := mock_oidcclient.NewMockInterface(ctrl)
 		mockOIDCClient.EXPECT().
 			Refresh(ctx, "VALID_REFRESH_TOKEN").
-			Return(&oidcclient.TokenSet{
+			Return(&oidc.TokenSet{
 				IDToken:       "NEW_ID_TOKEN",
 				RefreshToken:  "NEW_REFRESH_TOKEN",
 				IDTokenClaims: dummyClaims,
@@ -105,23 +110,25 @@ func TestAuthentication_Do(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Errorf("Do returned error: %+v", err)
 		}
 		want := &Output{
-			IDToken:       "NEW_ID_TOKEN",
-			RefreshToken:  "NEW_REFRESH_TOKEN",
-			IDTokenClaims: dummyClaims,
+			TokenSet: oidc.TokenSet{
+				IDToken:       "NEW_ID_TOKEN",
+				RefreshToken:  "NEW_REFRESH_TOKEN",
+				IDTokenClaims: dummyClaims,
+			},
 		}
 		if diff := cmp.Diff(want, got); diff != "" {
 			t.Errorf("mismatch (-want +got):\n%s", diff)
 		}
 	})

-	t.Run("HasExpiredRefreshToken/AuthCode", func(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("HasExpiredRefreshToken/Browser", func(t *testing.T) {
 		ctrl := gomock.NewController(t)
 		defer ctrl.Finish()
 		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.TODO(), timeout)
 		defer cancel()
 		in := Input{
 			GrantOptionSet: GrantOptionSet{
-				AuthCodeOption: &AuthCodeOption{
+				AuthCodeBrowserOption: &authcode.BrowserOption{
 					BindAddress:     []string{"127.0.0.1:8000"},
 					SkipOpenBrowser: true,
 				},
@@ -142,7 +149,7 @@ func TestAuthentication_Do(t *testing.T) {
 			Do(func(_ context.Context, _ oidcclient.GetTokenByAuthCodeInput, readyChan chan<- string) {
 				readyChan <- "LOCAL_SERVER_URL"
 			}).
-			Return(&oidcclient.TokenSet{
+			Return(&oidc.TokenSet{
 				IDToken:       "NEW_ID_TOKEN",
 				RefreshToken:  "NEW_REFRESH_TOKEN",
 				IDTokenClaims: dummyClaims,
@@ -159,7 +166,7 @@ func TestAuthentication_Do(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			Logger: testingLogger.New(t),
 			Clock:  clock.Fake(expiryTime.Add(+time.Hour)),
-			AuthCode: &AuthCode{
+			AuthCodeBrowser: &authcode.Browser{
 				Logger: testingLogger.New(t),
 			},
 		}
@@ -168,9 +175,11 @@ func TestAuthentication_Do(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Errorf("Do returned error: %+v", err)
 		}
 		want := &Output{
-			IDToken:       "NEW_ID_TOKEN",
-			RefreshToken:  "NEW_REFRESH_TOKEN",
-			IDTokenClaims: dummyClaims,
+			TokenSet: oidc.TokenSet{
+				IDToken:       "NEW_ID_TOKEN",
+				RefreshToken:  "NEW_REFRESH_TOKEN",
+				IDTokenClaims: dummyClaims,
+			},
 		}
 		if diff := cmp.Diff(want, got); diff != "" {
 			t.Errorf("mismatch (-want +got):\n%s", diff)
@@ -184,7 +193,7 @@ func TestAuthentication_Do(t *testing.T) {
 		defer cancel()
 		in := Input{
 			GrantOptionSet: GrantOptionSet{
-				ROPCOption: &ROPCOption{
+				ROPCOption: &ropc.Option{
 					Username: "USER",
 					Password: "PASS",
 				},
@@ -196,7 +205,7 @@ func TestAuthentication_Do(t *testing.T) {
 		mockOIDCClient := mock_oidcclient.NewMockInterface(ctrl)
 		mockOIDCClient.EXPECT().
 			GetTokenByROPC(gomock.Any(), "USER", "PASS").
-			Return(&oidcclient.TokenSet{
+			Return(&oidc.TokenSet{
 				IDToken:       "YOUR_ID_TOKEN",
 				RefreshToken:  "YOUR_REFRESH_TOKEN",
 				IDTokenClaims: dummyClaims,
@@ -212,7 +221,7 @@ func TestAuthentication_Do(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			},
 			Logger: testingLogger.New(t),
-			ROPC: &ROPC{
+			ROPC: &ropc.ROPC{
 				Logger: testingLogger.New(t),
 			},
 		}
@@ -221,9 +230,11 @@ func TestAuthentication_Do(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Errorf("Do returned error: %+v", err)
 		}
 		want := &Output{
-			IDToken:       "YOUR_ID_TOKEN",
-			RefreshToken:  "YOUR_REFRESH_TOKEN",
-			IDTokenClaims: dummyClaims,
+			TokenSet: oidc.TokenSet{
+				IDToken:       "YOUR_ID_TOKEN",
+				RefreshToken:  "YOUR_REFRESH_TOKEN",
+				IDTokenClaims: dummyClaims,
+			},
 		}
 		if diff := cmp.Diff(want, got); diff != "" {
 			t.Errorf("mismatch (-want +got):\n%s", diff)
--- a/pkg/usecases/authentication/mock_authentication/mock_authentication.go
+++ b/pkg/usecases/authentication/mock_authentication/mock_authentication.go
@@ -11,30 +11,30 @@ import (
 	reflect "reflect"
 )

-// MockInterface is a mock of Interface interface
+// MockInterface is a mock of Interface interface.
 type MockInterface struct {
 	ctrl     *gomock.Controller
 	recorder *MockInterfaceMockRecorder
 }

-// MockInterfaceMockRecorder is the mock recorder for MockInterface
+// MockInterfaceMockRecorder is the mock recorder for MockInterface.
 type MockInterfaceMockRecorder struct {
 	mock *MockInterface
 }

-// NewMockInterface creates a new mock instance
+// NewMockInterface creates a new mock instance.
 func NewMockInterface(ctrl *gomock.Controller) *MockInterface {
 	mock := &MockInterface{ctrl: ctrl}
 	mock.recorder = &MockInterfaceMockRecorder{mock}
 	return mock
 }

-// EXPECT returns an object that allows the caller to indicate expected use
+// EXPECT returns an object that allows the caller to indicate expected use.
 func (m *MockInterface) EXPECT() *MockInterfaceMockRecorder {
 	return m.recorder
 }

-// Do mocks base method
+// Do mocks base method.
 func (m *MockInterface) Do(arg0 context.Context, arg1 authentication.Input) (*authentication.Output, error) {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "Do", arg0, arg1)
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ func (m *MockInterface) Do(arg0 context.Context, arg1 authentication.Input) (*au
 	return ret0, ret1
 }

-// Do indicates an expected call of Do
+// Do indicates an expected call of Do.
 func (mr *MockInterfaceMockRecorder) Do(arg0, arg1 interface{}) *gomock.Call {
 	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "Do", reflect.TypeOf((*MockInterface)(nil).Do), arg0, arg1)
--- a/pkg/usecases/authentication/ropc/ropc.go
+++ b/pkg/usecases/authentication/ropc/ropc.go
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package authentication
+package ropc

 import (
 	"context"
@@ -6,17 +6,26 @@ import (
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/logger"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/oidcclient"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/reader"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/oidc"
 	"golang.org/x/xerrors"
 )

+const usernamePrompt = "Username: "
+const passwordPrompt = "Password: "
+
+type Option struct {
+	Username string
+	Password string // If empty, read a password using Reader.ReadPassword()
+}
+
 // ROPC provides the resource owner password credentials flow.
 type ROPC struct {
 	Reader reader.Interface
 	Logger logger.Interface
 }

-func (u *ROPC) Do(ctx context.Context, in *ROPCOption, client oidcclient.Interface) (*Output, error) {
-	u.Logger.V(1).Infof("performing the resource owner password credentials flow")
+func (u *ROPC) Do(ctx context.Context, in *Option, client oidcclient.Interface) (*oidc.TokenSet, error) {
+	u.Logger.V(1).Infof("starting the resource owner password credentials flow")
 	if in.Username == "" {
 		var err error
 		in.Username, err = u.Reader.ReadString(usernamePrompt)
@@ -35,9 +44,6 @@ func (u *ROPC) Do(ctx context.Context, in *ROPCOption, client oidcclient.Interfa
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, xerrors.Errorf("resource owner password credentials flow error: %w", err)
 	}
-	return &Output{
-		IDToken:       tokenSet.IDToken,
-		IDTokenClaims: tokenSet.IDTokenClaims,
-		RefreshToken:  tokenSet.RefreshToken,
-	}, nil
+	u.Logger.V(1).Infof("finished the resource owner password credentials flow")
+	return tokenSet, nil
 }
--- a/pkg/usecases/authentication/ropc/ropc_test.go
+++ b/pkg/usecases/authentication/ropc/ropc_test.go
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package authentication
+package ropc

 import (
 	"context"
@@ -7,10 +7,10 @@ import (

 	"github.com/golang/mock/gomock"
 	"github.com/google/go-cmp/cmp"
-	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/oidcclient"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/oidcclient/mock_oidcclient"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/reader/mock_reader"
-	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/domain/jwt"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/jwt"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/oidc"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/testing/logger"
 	"golang.org/x/xerrors"
 )
@@ -28,11 +28,11 @@ func TestROPC_Do(t *testing.T) {
 		defer ctrl.Finish()
 		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.TODO(), timeout)
 		defer cancel()
-		o := &ROPCOption{}
+		o := &Option{}
 		mockOIDCClient := mock_oidcclient.NewMockInterface(ctrl)
 		mockOIDCClient.EXPECT().
 			GetTokenByROPC(gomock.Any(), "USER", "PASS").
-			Return(&oidcclient.TokenSet{
+			Return(&oidc.TokenSet{
 				IDToken:       "YOUR_ID_TOKEN",
 				IDTokenClaims: dummyTokenClaims,
 				RefreshToken:  "YOUR_REFRESH_TOKEN",
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ func TestROPC_Do(t *testing.T) {
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Errorf("Do returned error: %+v", err)
 		}
-		want := &Output{
+		want := &oidc.TokenSet{
 			IDToken:       "YOUR_ID_TOKEN",
 			RefreshToken:  "YOUR_REFRESH_TOKEN",
 			IDTokenClaims: dummyTokenClaims,
@@ -63,14 +63,14 @@ func TestROPC_Do(t *testing.T) {
 		defer ctrl.Finish()
 		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.TODO(), timeout)
 		defer cancel()
-		o := &ROPCOption{
+		o := &Option{
 			Username: "USER",
 			Password: "PASS",
 		}
 		mockOIDCClient := mock_oidcclient.NewMockInterface(ctrl)
 		mockOIDCClient.EXPECT().
 			GetTokenByROPC(gomock.Any(), "USER", "PASS").
-			Return(&oidcclient.TokenSet{
+			Return(&oidc.TokenSet{
 				IDToken:       "YOUR_ID_TOKEN",
 				RefreshToken:  "YOUR_REFRESH_TOKEN",
 				IDTokenClaims: dummyTokenClaims,
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ func TestROPC_Do(t *testing.T) {
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Errorf("Do returned error: %+v", err)
 		}
-		want := &Output{
+		want := &oidc.TokenSet{
 			IDToken:       "YOUR_ID_TOKEN",
 			RefreshToken:  "YOUR_REFRESH_TOKEN",
 			IDTokenClaims: dummyTokenClaims,
@@ -97,13 +97,13 @@ func TestROPC_Do(t *testing.T) {
 		defer ctrl.Finish()
 		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.TODO(), timeout)
 		defer cancel()
-		o := &ROPCOption{
+		o := &Option{
 			Username: "USER",
 		}
 		mockOIDCClient := mock_oidcclient.NewMockInterface(ctrl)
 		mockOIDCClient.EXPECT().
 			GetTokenByROPC(gomock.Any(), "USER", "PASS").
-			Return(&oidcclient.TokenSet{
+			Return(&oidc.TokenSet{
 				IDToken:       "YOUR_ID_TOKEN",
 				RefreshToken:  "YOUR_REFRESH_TOKEN",
 				IDTokenClaims: dummyTokenClaims,
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ func TestROPC_Do(t *testing.T) {
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Errorf("Do returned error: %+v", err)
 		}
-		want := &Output{
+		want := &oidc.TokenSet{
 			IDToken:       "YOUR_ID_TOKEN",
 			RefreshToken:  "YOUR_REFRESH_TOKEN",
 			IDTokenClaims: dummyTokenClaims,
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ func TestROPC_Do(t *testing.T) {
 		defer ctrl.Finish()
 		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.TODO(), timeout)
 		defer cancel()
-		o := &ROPCOption{
+		o := &Option{
 			Username: "USER",
 		}
 		mockEnv := mock_reader.NewMockInterface(ctrl)
--- a/pkg/usecases/credentialplugin/get_token.go
+++ b/pkg/usecases/credentialplugin/get_token.go
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ func (u *GetToken) Do(ctx context.Context, in Input) error {
 		return xerrors.Errorf("could not get a token: %w", err)
 	}
 	u.Logger.V(1).Infof("writing the token to client-go")
-	if err := u.Writer.Write(credentialpluginwriter.Output{Token: out.IDToken, Expiry: out.IDTokenClaims.Expiry}); err != nil {
+	if err := u.Writer.Write(credentialpluginwriter.Output{Token: out.TokenSet.IDToken, Expiry: out.TokenSet.IDTokenClaims.Expiry}); err != nil {
 		return xerrors.Errorf("could not write the token to client-go: %w", err)
 	}
 	return nil
@@ -101,16 +101,16 @@ func (u *GetToken) getTokenFromCacheOrProvider(ctx context.Context, in Input) (*
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, xerrors.Errorf("authentication error: %w", err)
 	}
-	u.Logger.V(1).Infof("you got a token: %s", out.IDTokenClaims.Pretty)
+	u.Logger.V(1).Infof("you got a token: %s", out.TokenSet.IDTokenClaims.Pretty)
 	if out.AlreadyHasValidIDToken {
-		u.Logger.V(1).Infof("you already have a valid token until %s", out.IDTokenClaims.Expiry)
+		u.Logger.V(1).Infof("you already have a valid token until %s", out.TokenSet.IDTokenClaims.Expiry)
 		return out, nil
 	}

-	u.Logger.V(1).Infof("you got a valid token until %s", out.IDTokenClaims.Expiry)
+	u.Logger.V(1).Infof("you got a valid token until %s", out.TokenSet.IDTokenClaims.Expiry)
 	newTokenCacheValue := tokencache.Value{
-		IDToken:      out.IDToken,
-		RefreshToken: out.RefreshToken,
+		IDToken:      out.TokenSet.IDToken,
+		RefreshToken: out.TokenSet.RefreshToken,
 	}
 	if err := u.TokenCacheRepository.Save(in.TokenCacheDir, tokenCacheKey, newTokenCacheValue); err != nil {
 		return nil, xerrors.Errorf("could not write the token cache: %w", err)
--- a/pkg/usecases/credentialplugin/get_token_test.go
+++ b/pkg/usecases/credentialplugin/get_token_test.go
@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/credentialpluginwriter/mock_credentialpluginwriter"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/tokencache"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/tokencache/mock_tokencache"
-	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/domain/jwt"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/jwt"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/oidc"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/testing/logger"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/usecases/authentication"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/usecases/authentication/mock_authentication"
@@ -57,9 +58,11 @@ func TestGetToken_Do(t *testing.T) {
 				GrantOptionSet: grantOptionSet,
 			}).
 			Return(&authentication.Output{
-				IDToken:       "YOUR_ID_TOKEN",
-				RefreshToken:  "YOUR_REFRESH_TOKEN",
-				IDTokenClaims: dummyTokenClaims,
+				TokenSet: oidc.TokenSet{
+					IDToken:       "YOUR_ID_TOKEN",
+					RefreshToken:  "YOUR_REFRESH_TOKEN",
+					IDTokenClaims: dummyTokenClaims,
+				},
 			}, nil)
 		tokenCacheRepository := mock_tokencache.NewMockInterface(ctrl)
 		tokenCacheRepository.EXPECT().
@@ -127,8 +130,10 @@ func TestGetToken_Do(t *testing.T) {
 			}).
 			Return(&authentication.Output{
 				AlreadyHasValidIDToken: true,
-				IDToken:                "VALID_ID_TOKEN",
-				IDTokenClaims:          dummyTokenClaims,
+				TokenSet: oidc.TokenSet{
+					IDToken:       "VALID_ID_TOKEN",
+					IDTokenClaims: dummyTokenClaims,
+				},
 			}, nil)
 		tokenCacheRepository := mock_tokencache.NewMockInterface(ctrl)
 		tokenCacheRepository.EXPECT().
--- a/pkg/usecases/credentialplugin/mock_credentialplugin/mock_credentialplugin.go
+++ b/pkg/usecases/credentialplugin/mock_credentialplugin/mock_credentialplugin.go
@@ -11,30 +11,30 @@ import (
 	reflect "reflect"
 )

-// MockInterface is a mock of Interface interface
+// MockInterface is a mock of Interface interface.
 type MockInterface struct {
 	ctrl     *gomock.Controller
 	recorder *MockInterfaceMockRecorder
 }

-// MockInterfaceMockRecorder is the mock recorder for MockInterface
+// MockInterfaceMockRecorder is the mock recorder for MockInterface.
 type MockInterfaceMockRecorder struct {
 	mock *MockInterface
 }

-// NewMockInterface creates a new mock instance
+// NewMockInterface creates a new mock instance.
 func NewMockInterface(ctrl *gomock.Controller) *MockInterface {
 	mock := &MockInterface{ctrl: ctrl}
 	mock.recorder = &MockInterfaceMockRecorder{mock}
 	return mock
 }

-// EXPECT returns an object that allows the caller to indicate expected use
+// EXPECT returns an object that allows the caller to indicate expected use.
 func (m *MockInterface) EXPECT() *MockInterfaceMockRecorder {
 	return m.recorder
 }

-// Do mocks base method
+// Do mocks base method.
 func (m *MockInterface) Do(arg0 context.Context, arg1 credentialplugin.Input) error {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "Do", arg0, arg1)
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ func (m *MockInterface) Do(arg0 context.Context, arg1 credentialplugin.Input) er
 	return ret0
 }

-// Do indicates an expected call of Do
+// Do indicates an expected call of Do.
 func (mr *MockInterfaceMockRecorder) Do(arg0, arg1 interface{}) *gomock.Call {
 	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "Do", reflect.TypeOf((*MockInterface)(nil).Do), arg0, arg1)
--- a/pkg/usecases/setup/stage2.go
+++ b/pkg/usecases/setup/stage2.go
@@ -103,11 +103,11 @@ func (u *Setup) DoStage2(ctx context.Context, in Stage2Input) error {
 	}

 	v := stage2Vars{
-		IDTokenPrettyJSON: out.IDTokenClaims.Pretty,
+		IDTokenPrettyJSON: out.TokenSet.IDTokenClaims.Pretty,
 		IssuerURL:         in.IssuerURL,
 		ClientID:          in.ClientID,
 		Args:              makeCredentialPluginArgs(in),
-		Subject:           out.IDTokenClaims.Subject,
+		Subject:           out.TokenSet.IDTokenClaims.Subject,
 	}
 	var b strings.Builder
 	if err := stage2Tpl.Execute(&b, &v); err != nil {
@@ -137,8 +137,8 @@ func makeCredentialPluginArgs(in Stage2Input) []string {
 		args = append(args, "--insecure-skip-tls-verify")
 	}

-	if in.GrantOptionSet.AuthCodeOption != nil {
-		if in.GrantOptionSet.AuthCodeOption.SkipOpenBrowser {
+	if in.GrantOptionSet.AuthCodeBrowserOption != nil {
+		if in.GrantOptionSet.AuthCodeBrowserOption.SkipOpenBrowser {
 			args = append(args, "--skip-open-browser")
 		}
 	}
--- a/pkg/usecases/setup/stage2_test.go
+++ b/pkg/usecases/setup/stage2_test.go
@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/golang/mock/gomock"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/certpool"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/certpool/mock_certpool"
-	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/domain/jwt"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/jwt"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/oidc"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/testing/logger"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/usecases/authentication"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/usecases/authentication/mock_authentication"
@@ -45,12 +46,14 @@ func TestSetup_DoStage2(t *testing.T) {
 			GrantOptionSet: grantOptionSet,
 		}).
 		Return(&authentication.Output{
-			IDToken:      "YOUR_ID_TOKEN",
-			RefreshToken: "YOUR_REFRESH_TOKEN",
-			IDTokenClaims: jwt.Claims{
-				Subject: "YOUR_SUBJECT",
-				Expiry:  time.Date(2019, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 0, time.UTC),
-				Pretty:  "PRETTY_JSON",
+			TokenSet: oidc.TokenSet{
+				IDToken:      "YOUR_ID_TOKEN",
+				RefreshToken: "YOUR_REFRESH_TOKEN",
+				IDTokenClaims: jwt.Claims{
+					Subject: "YOUR_SUBJECT",
+					Expiry:  time.Date(2019, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 0, time.UTC),
+					Pretty:  "PRETTY_JSON",
+				},
 			},
 		}, nil)
 	u := Setup{
--- a/pkg/usecases/standalone/mock_standalone/mock_standalone.go
+++ b/pkg/usecases/standalone/mock_standalone/mock_standalone.go
@@ -11,30 +11,30 @@ import (
 	reflect "reflect"
 )

-// MockInterface is a mock of Interface interface
+// MockInterface is a mock of Interface interface.
 type MockInterface struct {
 	ctrl     *gomock.Controller
 	recorder *MockInterfaceMockRecorder
 }

-// MockInterfaceMockRecorder is the mock recorder for MockInterface
+// MockInterfaceMockRecorder is the mock recorder for MockInterface.
 type MockInterfaceMockRecorder struct {
 	mock *MockInterface
 }

-// NewMockInterface creates a new mock instance
+// NewMockInterface creates a new mock instance.
 func NewMockInterface(ctrl *gomock.Controller) *MockInterface {
 	mock := &MockInterface{ctrl: ctrl}
 	mock.recorder = &MockInterfaceMockRecorder{mock}
 	return mock
 }

-// EXPECT returns an object that allows the caller to indicate expected use
+// EXPECT returns an object that allows the caller to indicate expected use.
 func (m *MockInterface) EXPECT() *MockInterfaceMockRecorder {
 	return m.recorder
 }

-// Do mocks base method
+// Do mocks base method.
 func (m *MockInterface) Do(arg0 context.Context, arg1 standalone.Input) error {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "Do", arg0, arg1)
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ func (m *MockInterface) Do(arg0 context.Context, arg1 standalone.Input) error {
 	return ret0
 }

-// Do indicates an expected call of Do
+// Do indicates an expected call of Do.
 func (mr *MockInterfaceMockRecorder) Do(arg0, arg1 interface{}) *gomock.Call {
 	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "Do", reflect.TypeOf((*MockInterface)(nil).Do), arg0, arg1)
--- a/pkg/usecases/standalone/standalone.go
+++ b/pkg/usecases/standalone/standalone.go
@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@ package standalone

 import (
 	"context"
-	"strings"
-	"text/template"

 	"github.com/google/wire"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/certpool"
@@ -30,12 +28,23 @@ type Input struct {
 	KubeconfigFilename string                 // Default to the environment variable or global config as kubectl
 	KubeconfigContext  kubeconfig.ContextName // Default to the current context but ignored if KubeconfigUser is set
 	KubeconfigUser     kubeconfig.UserName    // Default to the user of the context
-	CACertFilename     string                 // If set, use the CA cert
+	CACertFilename     string                 // optional
+	CACertData         string                 // optional
 	SkipTLSVerify      bool
 	GrantOptionSet     authentication.GrantOptionSet
 }

-const oidcConfigErrorMessage = `You need to set up the kubeconfig for OpenID Connect authentication.
+const oidcConfigErrorMessage = `No configuration found.
+You need to set up the OIDC provider, role binding, Kubernetes API server and kubeconfig.
+To show the setup instruction:
+
+	kubectl oidc-login setup
+
+See https://github.com/int128/kubelogin for more.
+`
+
+const deprecationMessage = `NOTE: You can use the credential plugin mode for better user experience.
+Kubectl automatically runs kubelogin and you do not need to run kubelogin explicitly.
 See https://github.com/int128/kubelogin for more.
 `

@@ -60,9 +69,7 @@ func (u *Standalone) Do(ctx context.Context, in Input) error {
 		u.Logger.Printf(oidcConfigErrorMessage)
 		return xerrors.Errorf("could not find the current authentication provider: %w", err)
 	}
-	if err := u.showDeprecation(in, authProvider); err != nil {
-		return xerrors.Errorf("could not show deprecation message: %w", err)
-	}
+	u.Logger.Printf(deprecationMessage)
 	u.Logger.V(1).Infof("using the authentication provider of the user %s", authProvider.UserName)
 	u.Logger.V(1).Infof("a token will be written to %s", authProvider.LocationOfOrigin)
 	certPool := u.NewCertPool()
@@ -78,7 +85,12 @@ func (u *Standalone) Do(ctx context.Context, in Input) error {
 	}
 	if in.CACertFilename != "" {
 		if err := certPool.AddFile(in.CACertFilename); err != nil {
-			return xerrors.Errorf("could not load the certificate: %w", err)
+			return xerrors.Errorf("could not load the certificate file: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+	if in.CACertData != "" {
+		if err := certPool.AddBase64Encoded(in.CACertData); err != nil {
+			return xerrors.Errorf("could not load the certificate data: %w", err)
 		}
 	}
 	out, err := u.Authentication.Do(ctx, authentication.Input{
@@ -95,79 +107,18 @@ func (u *Standalone) Do(ctx context.Context, in Input) error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return xerrors.Errorf("authentication error: %w", err)
 	}
-	u.Logger.V(1).Infof("you got a token: %s", out.IDTokenClaims.Pretty)
+	u.Logger.V(1).Infof("you got a token: %s", out.TokenSet.IDTokenClaims.Pretty)
 	if out.AlreadyHasValidIDToken {
-		u.Logger.Printf("You already have a valid token until %s", out.IDTokenClaims.Expiry)
+		u.Logger.Printf("You already have a valid token until %s", out.TokenSet.IDTokenClaims.Expiry)
 		return nil
 	}

-	u.Logger.Printf("You got a valid token until %s", out.IDTokenClaims.Expiry)
-	authProvider.IDToken = out.IDToken
-	authProvider.RefreshToken = out.RefreshToken
+	u.Logger.Printf("You got a valid token until %s", out.TokenSet.IDTokenClaims.Expiry)
+	authProvider.IDToken = out.TokenSet.IDToken
+	authProvider.RefreshToken = out.TokenSet.RefreshToken
 	u.Logger.V(1).Infof("writing the ID token and refresh token to %s", authProvider.LocationOfOrigin)
 	if err := u.Kubeconfig.UpdateAuthProvider(authProvider); err != nil {
 		return xerrors.Errorf("could not update the kubeconfig: %w", err)
 	}
 	return nil
 }
-
-var deprecationTpl = template.Must(template.New("").Parse(
-	`IMPORTANT NOTICE:
-The credential plugin mode is available since v1.14.0.
-Kubectl will automatically run kubelogin and you do not need to run kubelogin explicitly.
-
-You can switch to the credential plugin mode by the following command:
-
-	kubectl config set-credentials oidc \
-	  --exec-api-version=client.authentication.k8s.io/v1beta1 \
-	  --exec-command=kubectl \
-	  --exec-arg=oidc-login \
-	  --exec-arg=get-token \
-{{- range .Args }}
-	  --exec-arg={{ . }}
-{{- end }}
-	kubectl config set-context --current --user=oidc
-
-See https://github.com/int128/kubelogin for more.
-
-`))
-
-type deprecationVars struct {
-	Args []string
-}
-
-func (u *Standalone) showDeprecation(in Input, p *kubeconfig.AuthProvider) error {
-	var args []string
-	args = append(args, "--oidc-issuer-url="+p.IDPIssuerURL)
-	args = append(args, "--oidc-client-id="+p.ClientID)
-	if p.ClientSecret != "" {
-		args = append(args, "--oidc-client-secret="+p.ClientSecret)
-	}
-	for _, extraScope := range p.ExtraScopes {
-		args = append(args, "--oidc-extra-scope="+extraScope)
-	}
-	if p.IDPCertificateAuthority != "" {
-		args = append(args, "--certificate-authority="+p.IDPCertificateAuthority)
-	}
-	if p.IDPCertificateAuthorityData != "" {
-		args = append(args, "--certificate-authority-data="+p.IDPCertificateAuthorityData)
-	}
-	if in.CACertFilename != "" {
-		args = append(args, "--certificate-authority="+in.CACertFilename)
-	}
-	if in.GrantOptionSet.ROPCOption != nil {
-		if in.GrantOptionSet.ROPCOption.Username != "" {
-			args = append(args, "--username="+in.GrantOptionSet.ROPCOption.Username)
-		}
-	}
-
-	v := deprecationVars{
-		Args: args,
-	}
-	var b strings.Builder
-	if err := deprecationTpl.Execute(&b, &v); err != nil {
-		return xerrors.Errorf("template error: %w", err)
-	}
-	u.Logger.Printf("%s", b.String())
-	return nil
-}
--- a/pkg/usecases/standalone/standalone_test.go
+++ b/pkg/usecases/standalone/standalone_test.go
@@ -10,7 +10,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/certpool/mock_certpool"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/kubeconfig"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/adaptors/kubeconfig/mock_kubeconfig"
-	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/domain/jwt"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/jwt"
+	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/oidc"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/testing/logger"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/usecases/authentication"
 	"github.com/int128/kubelogin/pkg/usecases/authentication/mock_authentication"
@@ -34,6 +35,7 @@ func TestStandalone_Do(t *testing.T) {
 			KubeconfigContext:  "theContext",
 			KubeconfigUser:     "theUser",
 			CACertFilename:     "/path/to/cert1",
+			CACertData:         "BASE64ENCODED1",
 			SkipTLSVerify:      true,
 			GrantOptionSet:     grantOptionSet,
 		}
@@ -44,7 +46,7 @@ func TestStandalone_Do(t *testing.T) {
 			ClientID:                    "YOUR_CLIENT_ID",
 			ClientSecret:                "YOUR_CLIENT_SECRET",
 			IDPCertificateAuthority:     "/path/to/cert2",
-			IDPCertificateAuthorityData: "BASE64ENCODED",
+			IDPCertificateAuthorityData: "BASE64ENCODED2",
 		}
 		mockCertPool := mock_certpool.NewMockInterface(ctrl)
 		mockCertPool.EXPECT().
@@ -52,7 +54,9 @@ func TestStandalone_Do(t *testing.T) {
 		mockCertPool.EXPECT().
 			AddFile("/path/to/cert2")
 		mockCertPool.EXPECT().
-			AddBase64Encoded("BASE64ENCODED")
+			AddBase64Encoded("BASE64ENCODED1")
+		mockCertPool.EXPECT().
+			AddBase64Encoded("BASE64ENCODED2")
 		mockKubeconfig := mock_kubeconfig.NewMockInterface(ctrl)
 		mockKubeconfig.EXPECT().
 			GetCurrentAuthProvider("/path/to/kubeconfig", kubeconfig.ContextName("theContext"), kubeconfig.UserName("theUser")).
@@ -65,7 +69,7 @@ func TestStandalone_Do(t *testing.T) {
 				ClientID:                    "YOUR_CLIENT_ID",
 				ClientSecret:                "YOUR_CLIENT_SECRET",
 				IDPCertificateAuthority:     "/path/to/cert2",
-				IDPCertificateAuthorityData: "BASE64ENCODED",
+				IDPCertificateAuthorityData: "BASE64ENCODED2",
 				IDToken:                     "YOUR_ID_TOKEN",
 				RefreshToken:                "YOUR_REFRESH_TOKEN",
 			})
@@ -80,9 +84,11 @@ func TestStandalone_Do(t *testing.T) {
 				GrantOptionSet: grantOptionSet,
 			}).
 			Return(&authentication.Output{
-				IDToken:       "YOUR_ID_TOKEN",
-				RefreshToken:  "YOUR_REFRESH_TOKEN",
-				IDTokenClaims: dummyTokenClaims,
+				TokenSet: oidc.TokenSet{
+					IDToken:       "YOUR_ID_TOKEN",
+					RefreshToken:  "YOUR_REFRESH_TOKEN",
+					IDTokenClaims: dummyTokenClaims,
+				},
 			}, nil)
 		u := Standalone{
 			Authentication: mockAuthentication,
@@ -124,8 +130,10 @@ func TestStandalone_Do(t *testing.T) {
 			}).
 			Return(&authentication.Output{
 				AlreadyHasValidIDToken: true,
-				IDToken:                "VALID_ID_TOKEN",
-				IDTokenClaims:          dummyTokenClaims,
+				TokenSet: oidc.TokenSet{
+					IDToken:       "VALID_ID_TOKEN",
+					IDTokenClaims: dummyTokenClaims,
+				},
 			}, nil)
 		u := Standalone{
 			Authentication: mockAuthentication,
@@ -232,9 +240,11 @@ func TestStandalone_Do(t *testing.T) {
 				CertPool:     mockCertPool,
 			}).
 			Return(&authentication.Output{
-				IDToken:       "YOUR_ID_TOKEN",
-				RefreshToken:  "YOUR_REFRESH_TOKEN",
-				IDTokenClaims: dummyTokenClaims,
+				TokenSet: oidc.TokenSet{
+					IDToken:       "YOUR_ID_TOKEN",
+					RefreshToken:  "YOUR_REFRESH_TOKEN",
+					IDTokenClaims: dummyTokenClaims,
+				},
 			}, nil)
 		u := Standalone{
 			Authentication: mockAuthentication,
--- a/system_test/Makefile
+++ b/system_test/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+CLUSTER_NAME := kubelogin-system-test
+OUTPUT_DIR := $(CURDIR)/output
+
+PATH := $(PATH):$(OUTPUT_DIR)/bin
+export PATH
+KUBECONFIG := $(OUTPUT_DIR)/kubeconfig.yaml
+export KUBECONFIG
+
+# run the login script instead of opening chrome
+BROWSER := $(OUTPUT_DIR)/bin/chromelogin
+export BROWSER
+
+.PHONY: test
+test: build
+	# see the setup instruction
+	kubectl oidc-login setup \
+		--oidc-issuer-url=https://dex-server:10443/dex \
+		--oidc-client-id=YOUR_CLIENT_ID \
+		--oidc-client-secret=YOUR_CLIENT_SECRET \
+		--oidc-extra-scope=email \
+		--certificate-authority=$(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.crt
+	# set up the kubeconfig
+	kubectl config set-credentials oidc \
+		--exec-api-version=client.authentication.k8s.io/v1beta1 \
+		--exec-command=kubectl \
+		--exec-arg=oidc-login \
+		--exec-arg=get-token \
+		--exec-arg=--oidc-issuer-url=https://dex-server:10443/dex \
+		--exec-arg=--oidc-client-id=YOUR_CLIENT_ID \
+		--exec-arg=--oidc-client-secret=YOUR_CLIENT_SECRET \
+		--exec-arg=--oidc-extra-scope=email \
+		--exec-arg=--certificate-authority=$(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.crt
+	# make sure we can access the cluster
+	kubectl --user=oidc cluster-info
+	# switch the current context
+	kubectl config set-context --current --user=oidc
+	# make sure we can access the cluster
+	kubectl cluster-info
+
+.PHONY: setup
+setup: build dex cluster setup-chrome
+
+.PHONY: setup-chrome
+setup-chrome: $(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.crt
+	# add the dex server certificate to the trust store
+	mkdir -p ~/.pki/nssdb
+	cd ~/.pki/nssdb && certutil -A -d sql:. -n dex -i $(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.crt -t "TC,,"
+
+# build binaries
+.PHONY: build
+build: $(OUTPUT_DIR)/bin/kubectl-oidc_login $(OUTPUT_DIR)/bin/chromelogin
+$(OUTPUT_DIR)/bin/kubectl-oidc_login:
+	go build -o $@ ..
+$(OUTPUT_DIR)/bin/chromelogin: chromelogin/main.go
+	go build -o $@ ./chromelogin
+
+# create a Dex server
+.PHONY: dex
+dex: $(OUTPUT_DIR)/server.crt $(OUTPUT_DIR)/server.key
+	docker create --name dex-server -p 10443:10443 --network kind quay.io/dexidp/dex:v2.21.0 serve /dex.yaml
+	docker cp $(OUTPUT_DIR)/server.crt dex-server:/
+	docker cp $(OUTPUT_DIR)/server.key dex-server:/
+	docker cp dex.yaml dex-server:/
+	docker start dex-server
+	docker logs dex-server
+
+$(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.key:
+	mkdir -p $(OUTPUT_DIR)
+	openssl genrsa -out $@ 2048
+$(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.csr: $(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.key
+	openssl req -new -key $(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.key -out $@ -subj "/CN=dex-ca" -config openssl.cnf
+$(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.crt: $(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.key $(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.csr
+	openssl x509 -req -in $(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.csr -signkey $(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.key -out $@ -days 10
+$(OUTPUT_DIR)/server.key:
+	mkdir -p $(OUTPUT_DIR)
+	openssl genrsa -out $@ 2048
+$(OUTPUT_DIR)/server.csr: openssl.cnf $(OUTPUT_DIR)/server.key
+	openssl req -new -key $(OUTPUT_DIR)/server.key -out $@ -subj "/CN=dex-server" -config openssl.cnf
+$(OUTPUT_DIR)/server.crt: openssl.cnf $(OUTPUT_DIR)/server.csr $(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.crt $(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.key
+	openssl x509 -req -in $(OUTPUT_DIR)/server.csr -CA $(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.crt -CAkey $(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.key -CAcreateserial -out $@ -sha256 -days 10 -extensions v3_req -extfile openssl.cnf
+
+# create a Kubernetes cluster
+.PHONY: cluster
+cluster: dex create-cluster
+	# add the Dex container IP to /etc/hosts of kube-apiserver
+	docker inspect -f '{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}' dex-server | sed -e 's,$$, dex-server,' | \
+		kubectl -n kube-system exec -i kube-apiserver-$(CLUSTER_NAME)-control-plane -- tee -a /etc/hosts
+	# wait for kube-apiserver oidc initialization
+	# (oidc authenticator will retry oidc discovery every 10s)
+	sleep 10
+
+.PHONY: create-cluster
+create-cluster: $(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.crt
+	cp $(OUTPUT_DIR)/ca.crt /tmp/kubelogin-system-test-dex-ca.crt
+	kind create cluster --name $(CLUSTER_NAME) --config cluster.yaml
+	kubectl create clusterrole cluster-readonly --verb=get,watch,list --resource='*.*'
+	kubectl create clusterrolebinding cluster-readonly --clusterrole=cluster-readonly --user=admin@example.com
+
+# clean up the resources
+.PHONY: clean
+clean:
+	-rm -r $(OUTPUT_DIR)
+.PHONY: delete-cluster
+delete-cluster:
+	kind delete cluster --name $(CLUSTER_NAME)
+.PHONY: delete-dex
+delete-dex:
+	docker stop dex-server
+	docker rm dex-server
--- a/system_test/README.md
+++ b/system_test/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+# kubelogin/system_test
+
+This is an automated test for verifying behavior of the plugin with a real Kubernetes cluster and OIDC provider.
+
+
+## Purpose
+
+This test checks the following points:
+
+1. User can set up Kubernetes OIDC authentication using [setup guide](../docs/setup.md).
+1. User can log in to an OIDC provider on a browser.
+1. User can access the cluster using a token returned from the plugin.
+
+It depends on the following components:
+
+- Kubernetes cluster (Kind)
+- OIDC provider (Dex)
+- Browser (Chrome)
+- kubectl command
+
+
+## How it works
+
+Let's take a look at the diagram.
+
+![diagram](../docs/system-test-diagram.svg)
+
+It prepares the following resources:
+
+1. Generate a pair of CA certificate and TLS server certificate for Dex.
+1. Run Dex on a container.
+1. Create a Kubernetes cluster using Kind.
+1. Mutate `/etc/hosts` of the CI machine to access Dex.
+1. Mutate `/etc/hosts` of the kube-apiserver pod to access Dex.
+
+It performs the test by the following steps:
+
+1. Run kubectl.
+1. kubectl automatically runs kubelogin.
+1. kubelogin automatically runs [chromelogin](chromelogin).
+1. chromelogin opens the browser, navigates to `http://localhost:8000` and enter the username and password.
+1. kubelogin gets an authorization code from the browser.
+1. kubelogin gets a token.
+1. kubectl accesses an API with the token.
+1. kube-apiserver verifies the token by Dex.
+1. Check if kubectl exited with code 0.
+
+
+## Run locally
+
+You need to set up the following components:
+
+- Docker
+- Kind
+- Chrome or Chromium
+
+You need to add the following line to `/etc/hosts` so that the browser can access the Dex.
+
+```
+127.0.0.1 dex-server
+```
+
+Run the test.
+
+```shell script
+# run the test
+make
+
+# clean up
+make delete-cluster
+make delete-dex
+```
+
+
+## Technical consideration
+
+### Network and DNS
+
+Consider the following issues:
+
+- kube-apiserver runs on the host network of the kind container.
+- kube-apiserver cannot resolve a service name by kube-dns.
+- kube-apiserver cannot access a cluster IP.
+- kube-apiserver can access another container via the Docker network.
+- Chrome requires exactly match of domain name between Dex URL and a server certificate.
+
+Consequently,
+
+- kube-apiserver accesses Dex by resolving `/etc/hosts` and via the Docker network.
+- kubelogin and Chrome accesses Dex by resolving `/etc/hosts` and via the Docker network.
+
+### TLS server certificate
+
+Consider the following issues:
+
+- kube-apiserver requires `--oidc-issuer` is HTTPS URL.
+- kube-apiserver requires a CA certificate at startup, if `--oidc-ca-file` is given.
+- kube-apiserver mounts `/usr/local/share/ca-certificates` from the kind container.
+- It is possible to mount a file from the CI machine.
+- It is not possible to issue a certificate using Let's Encrypt in runtime.
+- Chrome requires a valid certificate in `~/.pki/nssdb`.
+
+As a result,
+
+- kube-apiserver uses the CA certificate of `/usr/local/share/ca-certificates/dex-ca.crt`. See the `extraMounts` section of [`cluster.yaml`](cluster.yaml).
+- kubelogin uses the CA certificate in `output/ca.crt`.
+- Chrome uses the CA certificate in `~/.pki/nssdb`.
+
+### Test environment
+
+- Set the issuer URL to kube-apiserver. See [`cluster.yaml`](cluster.yaml).
+- Set `BROWSER` environment variable to run [`chromelogin`](chromelogin) by `xdg-open`.
--- a/acceptance_test/chromelogin/main.go
+++ b/acceptance_test/chromelogin/main.go
--- a/system_test/cluster.yaml
+++ b/system_test/cluster.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+kind: Cluster
+apiVersion: kind.x-k8s.io/v1alpha4
+# https://github.com/dexidp/dex/blob/master/Documentation/kubernetes.md
+kubeadmConfigPatches:
+  - |
+    apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta2
+    kind: ClusterConfiguration
+    metadata:
+      name: config
+    apiServer:
+      extraArgs:
+        oidc-issuer-url: https://dex-server:10443/dex
+        oidc-client-id: YOUR_CLIENT_ID
+        oidc-username-claim: email
+        oidc-ca-file: /usr/local/share/ca-certificates/dex-ca.crt
+nodes:
+  - role: control-plane
+    extraMounts:
+      - hostPath: /tmp/kubelogin-system-test-dex-ca.crt
+        containerPath: /usr/local/share/ca-certificates/dex-ca.crt
--- a/acceptance_test/dex.yaml
+++ b/acceptance_test/dex.yaml
--- a/acceptance_test/openssl.cnf
+++ b/acceptance_test/openssl.cnf
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
renovate[bot]	2e450b6f79	Update golang.org/x/oauth2 commit hash to 5d25da1 (#376 ) Co-authored-by: Renovate Bot <bot@renovateapp.com>	2020-09-05 15:28:03 +09:00
renovate[bot]	ec38934b7e	Update golang.org/x/crypto commit hash to 5c72a88 (#328 ) Co-authored-by: Renovate Bot <bot@renovateapp.com>	2020-09-03 06:54:16 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	9dfeb2f735	go mod tidy	2020-09-03 06:45:35 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	c051d4e51a	Refactor: close channel in writer goroutine (#375 )	2020-09-03 06:44:46 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	88f03655ea	Add Chocolatey installation (#374 )	2020-09-02 12:05:56 +09:00
renovate[bot]	fae53fd634	Update module k8s.io/client-go to v0.19.0 (#369 ) Co-authored-by: Renovate Bot <bot@renovateapp.com>	2020-09-02 11:16:33 +09:00
renovate[bot]	43f1c44ea4	Update module int128/oauth2cli to v1.13.0 (#372 ) Co-authored-by: Renovate Bot <bot@renovateapp.com>	2020-09-01 22:25:40 +09:00
renovate[bot]	23cbc28649	Update module k8s.io/client-go to v0.18.8 (#356 ) Co-authored-by: Renovate Bot <bot@renovateapp.com>	2020-08-16 16:26:11 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	003cb6c77c	Bump the version of golangci-lint-action to v2 (#364 )	2020-08-16 16:25:36 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	c039323693	Add golangci-lint workflow (#363 )	2020-08-16 16:10:16 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	5f0e1750bd	Run system test when go.mod/sum is changed (#360 )	2020-08-15 00:27:21 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	e0e3287feb	Bump the version of golangci-lint to v1.30.0 (#359 )	2020-08-15 00:23:12 +09:00
renovate[bot]	6dad6b3751	Update cimg/go Docker tag to v1.14.7 (#353 ) Co-authored-by: Renovate Bot <bot@renovateapp.com>	2020-08-14 23:46:14 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	c095bdabc1	Refactor GitHub actions workflow (#358 ) * Use preinstalled kind * Use the latest Go * Bump the version of actions * Run system test only if related source is changed	2020-08-14 23:36:11 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	daf563ea9a	Refactor: extract usage.md from README.md (#357 ) * Refactor docs * Update usage.md	2020-08-14 23:22:38 +09:00
renovate[bot]	cf73e9a495	Update cimg/go Docker tag to v1.14.6 (#340 ) Co-authored-by: Renovate Bot <bot@renovateapp.com>	2020-08-02 14:29:59 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	488e8c62ec	Determine go version from .circleci/config.yml (#351 )	2020-08-02 12:08:26 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	58d170fa65	Add --open-url-after-authentication option (#350 ) * Add --open-url-after-authentication option * Add integration test for --open-url-after-authentication	2020-08-01 10:38:33 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	c488888834	Refactor: pull up packages of domain (#349 )	2020-07-30 09:37:10 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	2cd741735e	Refactor: move templates.AuthCodeBrowserSuccessHTML to authcode (#348 )	2020-07-30 09:29:49 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	dbb684f10e	Refactor: use oidc.TokenSet in adaptors (#347 )	2020-07-30 09:26:21 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	a0e81e762c	Refactor: split authentication package into methods (#346 )	2020-07-30 00:31:23 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	c4ce1629e2	Refactor: regenerate with the latest mockgen (#345 )	2020-07-30 00:04:56 +09:00
renovate[bot]	e965114ecb	Update module golang/mock to v1.4.4 (#344 ) Co-authored-by: Renovate Bot <bot@renovateapp.com>	2020-07-29 23:54:50 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	804a245fde	Refactor: rename to AuthCodeBrowser (#342 )	2020-07-26 18:49:22 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	ffaa26cba8	Merge pull request #341 from int128/refactor-flags Refactor flags	2020-07-26 18:18:45 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	923a4251f1	Change messages in standalone mode	2020-07-26 18:11:39 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	98b84d87e0	Refactor: change options description	2020-07-26 15:39:09 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	1ae2008e28	Refactor: extract tlsOptions	2020-07-26 15:39:09 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	8197b5b35a	Refactor: extract authentication.go	2020-07-26 12:00:15 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	7196c64bec	Refactor: rename to addFlags()	2020-07-26 12:00:15 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	d8419f0dd3	go mod tidy	2020-07-26 11:59:57 +09:00
renovate[bot]	5f61d298f5	Update alpine Docker tag to v3.12 (#330 ) Co-authored-by: Renovate Bot <bot@renovateapp.com>	2020-07-24 17:02:07 +09:00
renovate[bot]	7310b3c271	Update golang.org/x/sync commit hash to 6e8e738 (#329 ) Co-authored-by: Renovate Bot <bot@renovateapp.com>	2020-07-24 16:40:22 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	ba4d010f86	Enable go mod tidy on Renovate (#339 )	2020-07-24 15:00:50 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	41d8e74ba9	Reduce time of CircleCI macOS executor (#338 )	2020-07-23 17:37:55 +09:00
renovate[bot]	23a1efb4f1	Update module k8s.io/client-go to v0.18.6 (#333 ) Co-authored-by: Renovate Bot <bot@renovateapp.com>	2020-07-23 08:29:03 +09:00
renovate[bot]	3cfeacc861	Update module google/go-cmp to v0.5.1 (#337 ) Co-authored-by: Renovate Bot <bot@renovateapp.com>	2020-07-22 14:59:49 +09:00
renovate[bot]	509f29637b	Add renovate.json (#322 ) Co-authored-by: Renovate Bot <bot@renovateapp.com>	2020-07-21 10:33:31 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	4f96435e97	Show debug logs in authentication (#325 )	2020-07-14 09:50:02 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	22005fb715	go mod tidy	2020-07-14 09:14:51 +09:00
dependabot-preview[bot]	8af36b13e4	Build(deps): bump github.com/int128/oauth2cli from 1.11.0 to 1.12.1 (#324 ) Bumps [github.com/int128/oauth2cli](https://github.com/int128/oauth2cli) from 1.11.0 to 1.12.1. - [Release notes](https://github.com/int128/oauth2cli/releases) - [Commits](https://github.com/int128/oauth2cli/compare/v1.11.0...v1.12.1) Signed-off-by: dependabot-preview[bot] <support@dependabot.com> Co-authored-by: dependabot-preview[bot] <27856297+dependabot-preview[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	2020-07-14 07:06:48 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	f0c399b8fc	go mod tidy	2020-07-05 19:50:26 +09:00
dependabot-preview[bot]	17499aac24	Build(deps): bump k8s.io/client-go from 0.18.4 to 0.18.5 (#320 ) Bumps [k8s.io/client-go](https://github.com/kubernetes/client-go) from 0.18.4 to 0.18.5. - [Release notes](https://github.com/kubernetes/client-go/releases) - [Changelog](https://github.com/kubernetes/client-go/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md) - [Commits](https://github.com/kubernetes/client-go/compare/v0.18.4...v0.18.5) Signed-off-by: dependabot-preview[bot] <support@dependabot.com> Co-authored-by: dependabot-preview[bot] <27856297+dependabot-preview[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	2020-07-03 09:08:57 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	d81457995d	Add links to use Okta groups claim (#318 ) This will close #250.	2020-06-24 10:18:54 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	2e7b93a31e	Add issue templates (#317 )	2020-06-24 09:28:52 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	9aeffbc71e	Update README.md	2020-06-24 01:10:25 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	c2b0c101af	Change margin of success page (#316 )	2020-06-24 00:53:51 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	e8161d5a47	go mod tidy	2020-06-23 16:27:05 +09:00
dependabot-preview[bot]	a3946c7f5f	Build(deps): bump k8s.io/client-go from 0.18.3 to 0.18.4 (#309 ) Bumps [k8s.io/client-go](https://github.com/kubernetes/client-go) from 0.18.3 to 0.18.4. - [Release notes](https://github.com/kubernetes/client-go/releases) - [Changelog](https://github.com/kubernetes/client-go/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md) - [Commits](https://github.com/kubernetes/client-go/compare/v0.18.3...v0.18.4) Signed-off-by: dependabot-preview[bot] <support@dependabot.com> Co-authored-by: dependabot-preview[bot] <27856297+dependabot-preview[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	2020-06-23 16:24:41 +09:00
dependabot-preview[bot]	6b880febdb	Build(deps): bump k8s.io/apimachinery from 0.18.3 to 0.18.4 (#310 ) Bumps [k8s.io/apimachinery](https://github.com/kubernetes/apimachinery) from 0.18.3 to 0.18.4. - [Release notes](https://github.com/kubernetes/apimachinery/releases) - [Commits](https://github.com/kubernetes/apimachinery/compare/v0.18.3...v0.18.4) Signed-off-by: dependabot-preview[bot] <support@dependabot.com> Co-authored-by: dependabot-preview[bot] <27856297+dependabot-preview[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	2020-06-23 15:03:51 +09:00
dependabot-preview[bot]	a51c15aec2	Build(deps): bump github.com/google/go-cmp from 0.4.1 to 0.5.0 (#311 ) Bumps [github.com/google/go-cmp](https://github.com/google/go-cmp) from 0.4.1 to 0.5.0. - [Release notes](https://github.com/google/go-cmp/releases) - [Commits](https://github.com/google/go-cmp/compare/v0.4.1...v0.5.0) Signed-off-by: dependabot-preview[bot] <support@dependabot.com> Co-authored-by: dependabot-preview[bot] <27856297+dependabot-preview[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	2020-06-23 15:01:28 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	77a6b91be8	Change authentication success page more descriptive (#312 ) * Refactor: rename to authcode_browser.go * Change authentication success page more descriptive	2020-06-23 15:00:58 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	9e27385c0b	Add acceptance test (#315 )	2020-06-23 14:47:29 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	3c50431a09	Refactor: rename to system test (#314 )	2020-06-22 16:22:03 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	e41fdf3dcd	Fix error of acceptance test (#313 )	2020-06-22 14:33:54 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	dd93a6537d	Update README.md	2020-06-14 16:19:52 +09:00
Hidetake Iwata	822f6c86de	Remove redundant information from caveats (#306 ) This reflects the change of https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/krew-index/pull/635	2020-06-12 18:20:01 +09:00