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165 lines
4.3 KiB
Markdown
165 lines
4.3 KiB
Markdown
class: title
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# Windows Containers
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---
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## Objectives
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At the end of this section, you will be able to:
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* Understand Windows Container vs. Linux Container.
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* Know about the features of Docker for Windows for choosing architecture.
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* Run other container architectures via QEMU emulation.
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---
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## Are containers *just* for Linux?
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Remember that a container must run on the kernel of the OS it's on.
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- This is both a benefit and a limitation.
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(It makes containers lightweight, but limits them to a specific kernel.)
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- At its launch in 2013, Docker did only support Linux, and only on amd64 CPUs.
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- Since then, many platforms and OS have been added.
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(Windows, ARM, i386, IBM mainframes ... But no macOS or iOS yet!)
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--
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- Docker Desktop (macOS and Windows) can run containers for other architectures
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(Check the docs to see how to [run a Raspberry Pi (ARM) or PPC container](https://docs.docker.com/docker-for-mac/multi-arch/)!)
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---
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## History of Windows containers
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- Early 2016, Windows 10 gained support for running Windows binaries in containers.
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- These are known as "Windows Containers"
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- Win 10 expects Docker for Windows to be installed for full features
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- These must run in Hyper-V mini-VM's with a Windows Server x64 kernel
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- No "scratch" containers, so use "Core" and "Nano" Server OS base layers
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- Since Hyper-V is required, Windows 10 Home won't work (yet...)
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--
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- Late 2016, Windows Server 2016 ships with native Docker support
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- Installed via PowerShell, doesn't need Docker for Windows
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- Can run native (without VM), or with [Hyper-V Isolation](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/virtualization/windowscontainers/manage-containers/hyperv-container)
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---
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## LCOW (Linux Containers On Windows)
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While Docker on Windows is largely playing catch up with Docker on Linux,
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it's moving fast; and this is one thing that you *cannot* do on Linux!
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- LCOW came with the [2017 Fall Creators Update](https://blog.docker.com/2018/02/docker-for-windows-18-02-with-windows-10-fall-creators-update/).
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- It can run Linux and Windows containers side-by-side on Win 10.
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- It is no longer necessary to switch the Engine to "Linux Containers".
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(In fact, if you want to run both Linux and Windows containers at the same time,
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make sure that your Engine is set to "Windows Containers" mode!)
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--
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If you are a Docker for Windows user, start your engine and try this:
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```bash
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docker pull microsoft/nanoserver:1803
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```
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(Make sure to switch to "Windows Containers mode" if necessary.)
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---
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## Run Both Windows and Linux containers
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- Run a Windows Nano Server (minimal CLI-only server)
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```bash
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docker run --rm -it microsoft/nanoserver:1803 powershell
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Get-Process
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exit
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```
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- Run busybox on Linux in LCOW
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```bash
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docker run --rm --platform linux busybox echo hello
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```
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(Although you will not be able to see them, this will create hidden
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Nano and LinuxKit VMs in Hyper-V!)
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---
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## Did We Say Things Move Fast
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- Things keep improving.
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- Now `--platform` defaults to `windows`, some images support both:
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- golang, mongo, python, redis, hello-world ... and more being added
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- you should still use `--plaform` with multi-os images to be certain
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- Windows Containers now support `localhost` accessible containers (July 2018)
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- Microsoft (April 2018) added Hyper-V support to Windows 10 Home ...
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... so stay tuned for Docker support, maybe?!?
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---
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## Other Windows container options
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Most "official" Docker images don't run on Windows yet.
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Places to Look:
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- Hub Official: https://hub.docker.com/u/winamd64/
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- Microsoft: https://hub.docker.com/r/microsoft/
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---
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## SQL Server? Choice of Linux or Windows
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- Microsoft [SQL Server for Linux 2017](https://hub.docker.com/r/microsoft/mssql-server-linux/) (amd64/linux)
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- Microsoft [SQL Server Express 2017](https://hub.docker.com/r/microsoft/mssql-server-windows-express/) (amd64/windows)
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---
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## Windows Tools and Tips
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- PowerShell [Tab Completion: DockerCompletion](https://github.com/matt9ucci/DockerCompletion)
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- Best Shell GUI: [Cmder.net](https://cmder.net/)
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- Good Windows Container Blogs and How-To's
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- Docker DevRel [Elton Stoneman, Microsoft MVP](https://blog.sixeyed.com/)
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- Docker Captain [Nicholas Dille](https://dille.name/blog/)
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- Docker Captain [Stefan Scherer](https://stefanscherer.github.io/)
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