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3 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Jerome Petazzoni
60ce3882e8 fix-redirects.sh: adding forced redirect 2020-04-07 16:48:29 -05:00
Jérôme Petazzoni
3c6706ad03 Map site root to dc17eu workshop slides 2017-11-05 09:03:29 -08:00
Jérôme Petazzoni
bee3e763a9 Prepare dc17eu branch 2017-11-05 08:58:58 -08:00
225 changed files with 3369 additions and 14980 deletions

5
.gitignore vendored
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@@ -7,7 +7,4 @@ prepare-vms/ips.pdf
prepare-vms/settings.yaml
prepare-vms/tags
slides/*.yml.html
slides/autopilot/state.yaml
slides/index.html
slides/past.html
node_modules
autotest/nextstep

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@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
Checklist to use when delivering a workshop
Authored by Jérôme; additions by Bridget
- [ ] Create event-named branch (such as `conferenceYYYY`) in the [main repo](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/)
- [ ] Create file `slides/_redirects` containing a link to the desired tutorial: `/ /kube-halfday.yml.html 200`
- [ ] Push local branch to GitHub and merge into main repo
- [ ] [Netlify setup](https://app.netlify.com/sites/container-training/settings/domain): create subdomain for event-named branch
- [ ] Add link to event-named branch to [container.training front page](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/blob/master/slides/index.html)
- [ ] Update the slides that says which versions we are using for [kube](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/blob/master/slides/kube/versions-k8s.md) or [swarm](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/blob/master/slides/swarm/versions.md) workshops
- [ ] Update the version of Compose and Machine in [settings](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/prepare-vms/settings)
- [ ] (optional) Create chatroom
- [ ] (optional) Set chatroom in YML ([kube half-day example](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/blob/master/slides/kube-halfday.yml#L6-L8)) and deploy
- [ ] (optional) Put chat link on [container.training front page](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/blob/master/slides/index.html)
- [ ] How many VMs do we need? Check with event organizers ahead of time
- [ ] Provision VMs (slightly more than we think we'll need)
- [ ] Change password on presenter's VMs (to forestall any hijinx)
- [ ] Onsite: walk the room to count seats, check power supplies, lectern, A/V setup
- [ ] Print cards
- [ ] Cut cards
- [ ] Last-minute merge from master
- [ ] Check that all looks good
- [ ] DELIVER!
- [ ] Shut down VMs
- [ ] Update index.html to remove chat link and move session to past things

19
LICENSE
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@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
The code in this repository is licensed under the Apache License
Version 2.0. You may obtain a copy of this license at:
Copyright 2015 Jérôme Petazzoni
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
The instructions and slides in this repository (e.g. the files
with extension .md and .yml in the "slides" subdirectory) are
under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public
License. You may obtain a copy of this license at:
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.

View File

@@ -39,16 +39,14 @@ your own tutorials.
All these materials have been gathered in a single repository
because they have a few things in common:
- some [common slides](slides/common/) that are re-used
(and updated) identically between different decks;
- a [build system](slides/) generating HTML slides from
Markdown source files;
- a [semi-automated test harness](slides/autopilot/) to check
that the exercises and examples provided work properly;
- a [PhantomJS script](slides/slidechecker.js) to check
that the slides look good and don't have formatting issues;
- some [common slides](slides/common/) that are re-used
(and updated) identically between different decks;
- [deployment scripts](prepare-vms/) to start training
VMs in bulk;
- a [semi-automated test harness](autotest/) to check
that the exercises and examples provided work properly;
- a fancy pipeline powered by
[Netlify](https://www.netlify.com/) and continuously
deploying `master` to http://container.training/.
@@ -76,6 +74,9 @@ a few other contributors. It is actively maintained.
## Repository structure
- [autotest](autotest/)
- Semi-automated testing system to check that all the exercises
in the slides work properly.
- [bin](bin/)
- A few helper scripts that you can safely ignore for now.
- [dockercoins](dockercoins/)
@@ -247,17 +248,6 @@ content but you also know to skip during presentation.
- Last 15-30 minutes is for stateful services, DAB files, and questions.
### Pre-built images
There are pre-built images for the 4 components of the DockerCoins demo app: `dockercoins/hasher:v0.1`, `dockercoins/rng:v0.1`, `dockercoins/webui:v0.1`, and `dockercoins/worker:v0.1`. They correspond to the code in this repository.
There are also three variants, for demo purposes:
- `dockercoins/rng:v0.2` is broken (the server won't even start),
- `dockercoins/webui:v0.2` has bigger font on the Y axis and a green graph (instead of blue),
- `dockercoins/worker:v0.2` is 11x slower than `v0.1`.
## Past events
Since its inception, this workshop has been delivered dozens of times,
@@ -292,31 +282,15 @@ If there is a bug and you can't even reproduce it:
sorry. It is probably an Heisenbug. We can't act on it
until it's reproducible, alas.
If you have attended this workshop and have feedback,
or if you want somebody to deliver that workshop at your
conference or for your company: you can contact one of us!
# “Please teach us!”
If you have attended one of these workshops, and want
your team or organization to attend a similar one, you
can look at the list of upcoming events on
http://container.training/.
You are also welcome to reuse these materials to run
your own workshop, for your team or even at a meetup
or conference. In that case, you might enjoy watching
[Bridget Kromhout's talk at KubeCon 2018 Europe](
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mYsp_cGY2O0), explaining
precisely how to run such a workshop yourself.
Finally, you can also contact the following persons,
who are experienced speakers, are familiar with the
material, and are available to deliver these workshops
at your conference or for your company:
- jerome dot petazzoni at gmail dot com
- jerome at docker dot com
- bret at bretfisher dot com
(If you are willing and able to deliver such workshops,
feel free to submit a PR to add your name to that list!)
If you are willing and able to deliver such workshops,
feel free to submit a PR to add your name to that list!
**Thank you!**

229
autotest/autotest.py Executable file
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@@ -0,0 +1,229 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
import uuid
import logging
import os
import re
import subprocess
import sys
import time
import uuid
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
TIMEOUT = 60 # 1 minute
def hrule():
return "="*int(subprocess.check_output(["tput", "cols"]))
# A "snippet" is something that the user is supposed to do in the workshop.
# Most of the "snippets" are shell commands.
# Some of them can be key strokes or other actions.
# In the markdown source, they are the code sections (identified by triple-
# quotes) within .exercise[] sections.
class Snippet(object):
def __init__(self, slide, content):
self.slide = slide
self.content = content
self.actions = []
def __str__(self):
return self.content
class Slide(object):
current_slide = 0
def __init__(self, content):
Slide.current_slide += 1
self.number = Slide.current_slide
# Remove commented-out slides
# (remark.js considers ??? to be the separator for speaker notes)
content = re.split("\n\?\?\?\n", content)[0]
self.content = content
self.snippets = []
exercises = re.findall("\.exercise\[(.*)\]", content, re.DOTALL)
for exercise in exercises:
if "```" in exercise:
for snippet in exercise.split("```")[1::2]:
self.snippets.append(Snippet(self, snippet))
else:
logging.warning("Exercise on slide {} does not have any ``` snippet."
.format(self.number))
self.debug()
def __str__(self):
text = self.content
for snippet in self.snippets:
text = text.replace(snippet.content, ansi("7")(snippet.content))
return text
def debug(self):
logging.debug("\n{}\n{}\n{}".format(hrule(), self.content, hrule()))
def ansi(code):
return lambda s: "\x1b[{}m{}\x1b[0m".format(code, s)
def wait_for_string(s):
logging.debug("Waiting for string: {}".format(s))
deadline = time.time() + TIMEOUT
while time.time() < deadline:
output = capture_pane()
if s in output:
return
time.sleep(1)
raise Exception("Timed out while waiting for {}!".format(s))
def wait_for_prompt():
logging.debug("Waiting for prompt.")
deadline = time.time() + TIMEOUT
while time.time() < deadline:
output = capture_pane()
# If we are not at the bottom of the screen, there will be a bunch of extra \n's
output = output.rstrip('\n')
if output[-2:] == "\n$":
return
time.sleep(1)
raise Exception("Timed out while waiting for prompt!")
def check_exit_status():
token = uuid.uuid4().hex
data = "echo {} $?\n".format(token)
logging.debug("Sending {!r} to get exit status.".format(data))
send_keys(data)
time.sleep(0.5)
wait_for_prompt()
screen = capture_pane()
status = re.findall("\n{} ([0-9]+)\n".format(token), screen, re.MULTILINE)
logging.debug("Got exit status: {}.".format(status))
if len(status) == 0:
raise Exception("Couldn't retrieve status code {}. Timed out?".format(token))
if len(status) > 1:
raise Exception("More than one status code {}. I'm seeing double! Shoot them both.".format(token))
code = int(status[0])
if code != 0:
raise Exception("Non-zero exit status: {}.".format(code))
# Otherwise just return peacefully.
slides = []
content = open(sys.argv[1]).read()
for slide in re.split("\n---?\n", content):
slides.append(Slide(slide))
actions = []
for slide in slides:
for snippet in slide.snippets:
content = snippet.content
# Extract the "method" (e.g. bash, keys, ...)
# On multi-line snippets, the method is alone on the first line
# On single-line snippets, the data follows the method immediately
if '\n' in content:
method, data = content.split('\n', 1)
else:
method, data = content.split(' ', 1)
actions.append((slide, snippet, method, data))
def send_keys(data):
subprocess.check_call(["tmux", "send-keys", data])
def capture_pane():
return subprocess.check_output(["tmux", "capture-pane", "-p"])
try:
i = int(open("nextstep").read())
logging.info("Loaded next step ({}) from file.".format(i))
except Exception as e:
logging.warning("Could not read nextstep file ({}), initializing to 0.".format(e))
i = 0
interactive = True
while i < len(actions):
with open("nextstep", "w") as f:
f.write(str(i))
slide, snippet, method, data = actions[i]
# Remove extra spaces (we don't want them in the terminal) and carriage returns
data = data.strip()
print(hrule())
print(slide.content.replace(snippet.content, ansi(7)(snippet.content)))
print(hrule())
if interactive:
print("[{}/{}] Shall we execute that snippet above?".format(i, len(actions)))
print("(ENTER to execute, 'c' to continue until next error, N to jump to step #N)")
command = raw_input("> ")
else:
command = ""
# For now, remove the `highlighted` sections
# (Make sure to use $() in shell snippets!)
if '`' in data:
logging.info("Stripping ` from snippet.")
data = data.replace('`', '')
if command == "c":
# continue until next timeout
interactive = False
elif command.isdigit():
i = int(command)
elif command == "":
logging.info("Running with method {}: {}".format(method, data))
if method == "keys":
send_keys(data)
elif method == "bash":
# Make sure that we're ready
wait_for_prompt()
# Strip leading spaces
data = re.sub("\n +", "\n", data)
# Add "RETURN" at the end of the command :)
data += "\n"
# Send command
send_keys(data)
# Force a short sleep to avoid race condition
time.sleep(0.5)
_, _, next_method, next_data = actions[i+1]
if next_method == "wait":
wait_for_string(next_data)
else:
wait_for_prompt()
# Verify return code FIXME should be optional
check_exit_status()
elif method == "copypaste":
screen = capture_pane()
matches = re.findall(data, screen, flags=re.DOTALL)
if len(matches) == 0:
raise Exception("Could not find regex {} in output.".format(data))
# Arbitrarily get the most recent match
match = matches[-1]
# Remove line breaks (like a screen copy paste would do)
match = match.replace('\n', '')
send_keys(match + '\n')
# FIXME: we should factor out the "bash" method
wait_for_prompt()
check_exit_status()
else:
logging.warning("Unknown method {}: {!r}".format(method, data))
i += 1
else:
i += 1
logging.warning("Unknown command {}, skipping to next step.".format(command))
# Reset slide counter
with open("nextstep", "w") as f:
f.write(str(0))

View File

@@ -28,5 +28,5 @@ def rng(how_many_bytes):
if __name__ == "__main__":
app.run(host="0.0.0.0", port=80, threaded=False)
app.run(host="0.0.0.0", port=80)

View File

@@ -1,22 +1,15 @@
# Trainer tools to create and prepare VMs for Docker workshops on AWS or Azure
# Trainer tools to create and prepare VMs for Docker workshops on AWS
## Prerequisites
- [Docker](https://docs.docker.com/engine/installation/)
- [Docker Compose](https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/)
- [Parallel SSH](https://code.google.com/archive/p/parallel-ssh/) (on a Mac: `brew install pssh`) - the configuration scripts require this
And if you want to generate printable cards:
- [pyyaml](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/PyYAML) (on a Mac: `brew install pyyaml`)
- [jinja2](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/Jinja2) (on a Mac: `brew install jinja2`)
## General Workflow
- fork/clone repo
- set required environment variables
- set required environment variables for AWS
- create your own setting file from `settings/example.yaml`
- if necessary, increase allowed open files: `ulimit -Sn 10000`
- run `./workshopctl` commands to create instances, install docker, setup each users environment in node1, other management tasks
- run `./workshopctl cards` command to generate PDF for printing handouts of each users host IP's and login info
@@ -42,16 +35,6 @@ The Docker Compose file here is used to build a image with all the dependencies
- `AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY`
- `AWS_DEFAULT_REGION`
If you're not using AWS, set these to placeholder values:
```
export AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID="foo"
export AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY="foo"
export AWS_DEFAULT_REGION="foo"
```
If you don't have the `aws` CLI installed, you will get a warning that it's a missing dependency. If you're not using AWS you can ignore this.
### Update/copy `settings/example.yaml`
Then pass `settings/YOUR_WORKSHOP_NAME-settings.yaml` as an argument to `./workshopctl deploy`, `./workshopctl cards`, etc.
@@ -65,7 +48,6 @@ workshopctl - the orchestration workshop swiss army knife
Commands:
ami Show the AMI that will be used for deployment
amis List Ubuntu AMIs in the current region
build Build the Docker image to run this program in a container
cards Generate ready-to-print cards for a batch of VMs
deploy Install Docker on a bunch of running VMs
ec2quotas Check our EC2 quotas (max instances)
@@ -73,7 +55,6 @@ help Show available commands
ids List the instance IDs belonging to a given tag or token
ips List the IP addresses of the VMs for a given tag or token
kube Setup kubernetes clusters with kubeadm (must be run AFTER deploy)
kubetest Check that all notes are reporting as Ready
list List available batches in the current region
opensg Open the default security group to ALL ingress traffic
pull_images Pre-pull a bunch of Docker images
@@ -82,7 +63,6 @@ start Start a batch of VMs
status List instance status for a given batch
stop Stop (terminate, shutdown, kill, remove, destroy...) instances
test Run tests (pre-flight checks) on a batch of VMs
wrap Run this program in a container
```
### Summary of What `./workshopctl` Does For You
@@ -95,80 +75,19 @@ wrap Run this program in a container
- During `start` it will add your default local SSH key to all instances under the `ubuntu` user.
- During `deploy` it will create the `docker` user with password `training`, which is printing on the cards for students. For now, this is hard coded.
### Example Steps to Launch a Batch of AWS Instances for a Workshop
### Example Steps to Launch a Batch of Instances for a Workshop
- Run `./workshopctl start N` Creates `N` EC2 instances
- Your local SSH key will be synced to instances under `ubuntu` user
- AWS instances will be created and tagged based on date, and IP's stored in `prepare-vms/tags/`
- Run `./workshopctl deploy TAG settings/somefile.yaml` to run `lib/postprep.py` via parallel-ssh
- Run `./workshopctl deploy TAG settings/somefile.yaml` to run `scripts/postprep.rc` via parallel-ssh
- If it errors or times out, you should be able to rerun
- Requires good connection to run all the parallel SSH connections, up to 100 parallel (ProTip: create dedicated management instance in same AWS region where you run all these utils from)
- Run `./workshopctl pull_images TAG` to pre-pull a bunch of Docker images to the instances
- Run `./workshopctl pull-images TAG` to pre-pull a bunch of Docker images to the instances
- Run `./workshopctl cards TAG settings/somefile.yaml` generates PDF/HTML files to print and cut and hand out to students
- *Have a great workshop*
- Run `./workshopctl stop TAG` to terminate instances.
### Example Steps to Launch Azure Instances
- Install the [Azure CLI](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cli/azure/install-azure-cli?view=azure-cli-latest) and authenticate with a valid account
- Customize `azuredeploy.parameters.json`
- Required:
- Provide the SSH public key you plan to use for instance configuration
- Optional:
- Choose a name for the workshop (default is "workshop")
- Choose the number of instances (default is 3)
- Customize the desired instance size (default is Standard_D1_v2)
- Launch instances with your chosen resource group name and your preferred region; the examples are "workshop" and "eastus":
```
az group create --name workshop --location eastus
az group deployment create --resource-group workshop --template-file azuredeploy.json --parameters @azuredeploy.parameters.json
```
The `az group deployment create` command can take several minutes and will only say `- Running ..` until it completes, unless you increase the verbosity with `--verbose` or `--debug`.
To display the IPs of the instances you've launched:
```
az vm list-ip-addresses --resource-group workshop --output table
```
If you want to put the IPs into `prepare-vms/tags/<tag>/ips.txt` for a tag of "myworkshop":
1) If you haven't yet installed `jq` and/or created your event's tags directory in `prepare-vms`:
```
brew install jq
mkdir -p tags/myworkshop
```
2) And then generate the IP list:
```
az vm list-ip-addresses --resource-group workshop --output json | jq -r '.[].virtualMachine.network.publicIpAddresses[].ipAddress' > tags/myworkshop/ips.txt
```
After the workshop is over, remove the instances:
```
az group delete --resource-group workshop
```
### Example Steps to Configure Instances from a non-AWS Source
- Launch instances via your preferred method. You'll need to get the instance IPs and be able to ssh into them.
- Set placeholder values for [AWS environment variable settings](#required-environment-variables).
- Choose a tag. It could be an event name, datestamp, etc. Ensure you have created a directory for your tag: `prepare-vms/tags/<tag>/`
- If you have not already generated a file with the IPs to be configured:
- The file should be named `prepare-vms/tags/<tag>/ips.txt`
- Format is one IP per line, no other info needed.
- Ensure the settings file is as desired (especially the number of nodes): `prepare-vms/settings/kube101.yaml`
- For a tag called `myworkshop`, configure instances: `workshopctl deploy myworkshop settings/kube101.yaml`
- Optionally, configure Kubernetes clusters of the size in the settings: `workshopctl kube myworkshop`
- Optionally, test your Kubernetes clusters. They may take a little time to become ready: `workshopctl kubetest myworkshop`
- Generate cards to print and hand out: `workshopctl cards myworkshop settings/kube101.yaml`
- Print the cards file: `prepare-vms/tags/myworkshop/ips.html`
## Other Tools
### Deploying your SSH key to all the machines
@@ -178,6 +97,13 @@ az group delete --resource-group workshop
- Run `pcopykey`.
### Installing extra packages
- Source `postprep.rc`.
(This will install a few extra packages, add entries to
/etc/hosts, generate SSH keys, and deploy them on all hosts.)
## Even More Details
#### Sync of SSH keys
@@ -206,20 +132,16 @@ Instances can be deployed manually using the `deploy` command:
$ ./workshopctl deploy TAG settings/somefile.yaml
The `postprep.py` file will be copied via parallel-ssh to all of the VMs and executed.
The `postprep.rc` file will be copied via parallel-ssh to all of the VMs and executed.
#### Pre-pull images
$ ./workshopctl pull_images TAG
$ ./workshopctl pull-images TAG
#### Generate cards
$ ./workshopctl cards TAG settings/somefile.yaml
If you want to generate both HTML and PDF cards, install [wkhtmltopdf](https://wkhtmltopdf.org/downloads.html); without that installed, only HTML cards will be generated.
If you don't have `wkhtmltopdf` installed, you will get a warning that it is a missing dependency. If you plan to just print the HTML cards, you can ignore this.
#### List tags
$ ./workshopctl list

View File

@@ -1,250 +0,0 @@
{
"$schema": "https://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2015-01-01/deploymentTemplate.json#",
"contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
"parameters": {
"workshopName": {
"type": "string",
"defaultValue": "workshop",
"metadata": {
"description": "Workshop name."
}
},
"vmPrefix": {
"type": "string",
"defaultValue": "node",
"metadata": {
"description": "Prefix for VM names."
}
},
"numberOfInstances": {
"type": "int",
"defaultValue": 3,
"metadata": {
"description": "Number of VMs to create."
}
},
"adminUsername": {
"type": "string",
"defaultValue": "ubuntu",
"metadata": {
"description": "Admin username for VMs."
}
},
"sshKeyData": {
"type": "string",
"defaultValue": "",
"metadata": {
"description": "SSH rsa public key file as a string."
}
},
"imagePublisher": {
"type": "string",
"defaultValue": "Canonical",
"metadata": {
"description": "OS image publisher; default Canonical."
}
},
"imageOffer": {
"type": "string",
"defaultValue": "UbuntuServer",
"metadata": {
"description": "The name of the image offer. The default is Ubuntu"
}
},
"imageSKU": {
"type": "string",
"defaultValue": "16.04-LTS",
"metadata": {
"description": "Version of the image. The default is 16.04-LTS"
}
},
"vmSize": {
"type": "string",
"defaultValue": "Standard_D1_v2",
"metadata": {
"description": "VM Size."
}
}
},
"variables": {
"vnetID": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks',variables('virtualNetworkName'))]",
"subnet1Ref": "[concat(variables('vnetID'),'/subnets/',variables('subnet1Name'))]",
"vmName": "[parameters('vmPrefix')]",
"sshKeyPath": "[concat('/home/',parameters('adminUsername'),'/.ssh/authorized_keys')]",
"publicIPAddressName": "PublicIP",
"publicIPAddressType": "Dynamic",
"virtualNetworkName": "MyVNET",
"netSecurityGroup": "MyNSG",
"addressPrefix": "10.0.0.0/16",
"subnet1Name": "subnet-1",
"subnet1Prefix": "10.0.0.0/24",
"nicName": "myVMNic"
},
"resources": [
{
"apiVersion": "2017-11-01",
"type": "Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses",
"name": "[concat(variables('publicIPAddressName'),copyIndex(1))]",
"location": "[resourceGroup().location]",
"copy": {
"name": "publicIPLoop",
"count": "[parameters('numberOfInstances')]"
},
"properties": {
"publicIPAllocationMethod": "[variables('publicIPAddressType')]"
},
"tags": {
"workshop": "[parameters('workshopName')]"
}
},
{
"apiVersion": "2017-11-01",
"type": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks",
"name": "[variables('virtualNetworkName')]",
"location": "[resourceGroup().location]",
"dependsOn": [
"[concat('Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups/', variables('netSecurityGroup'))]"
],
"properties": {
"addressSpace": {
"addressPrefixes": [
"[variables('addressPrefix')]"
]
},
"subnets": [
{
"name": "[variables('subnet1Name')]",
"properties": {
"addressPrefix": "[variables('subnet1Prefix')]",
"networkSecurityGroup": {
"id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups', variables('netSecurityGroup'))]"
}
}
}
]
},
"tags": {
"workshop": "[parameters('workshopName')]"
}
},
{
"apiVersion": "2017-11-01",
"type": "Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces",
"name": "[concat(variables('nicName'),copyIndex(1))]",
"location": "[resourceGroup().location]",
"copy": {
"name": "nicLoop",
"count": "[parameters('numberOfInstances')]"
},
"dependsOn": [
"[concat('Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses/', variables('publicIPAddressName'),copyIndex(1))]",
"[concat('Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/', variables('virtualNetworkName'))]"
],
"properties": {
"ipConfigurations": [
{
"name": "ipconfig1",
"properties": {
"privateIPAllocationMethod": "Dynamic",
"publicIPAddress": {
"id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses', concat(variables('publicIPAddressName'), copyIndex(1)))]"
},
"subnet": {
"id": "[variables('subnet1Ref')]"
}
}
}
]
},
"tags": {
"workshop": "[parameters('workshopName')]"
}
},
{
"apiVersion": "2017-12-01",
"type": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
"name": "[concat(variables('vmName'),copyIndex(1))]",
"location": "[resourceGroup().location]",
"copy": {
"name": "vmLoop",
"count": "[parameters('numberOfInstances')]"
},
"dependsOn": [
"[concat('Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces/', variables('nicName'), copyIndex(1))]"
],
"properties": {
"hardwareProfile": {
"vmSize": "[parameters('vmSize')]"
},
"osProfile": {
"computerName": "[concat(variables('vmName'),copyIndex(1))]",
"adminUsername": "[parameters('adminUsername')]",
"linuxConfiguration": {
"disablePasswordAuthentication": true,
"ssh": {
"publicKeys": [
{
"path": "[variables('sshKeyPath')]",
"keyData": "[parameters('sshKeyData')]"
}
]
}
}
},
"storageProfile": {
"osDisk": {
"createOption": "FromImage"
},
"imageReference": {
"publisher": "[parameters('imagePublisher')]",
"offer": "[parameters('imageOffer')]",
"sku": "[parameters('imageSKU')]",
"version": "latest"
}
},
"networkProfile": {
"networkInterfaces": [
{
"id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces', concat(variables('nicName'),copyIndex(1)))]"
}
]
}
},
"tags": {
"workshop": "[parameters('workshopName')]"
}
},
{
"apiVersion": "2017-11-01",
"type": "Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups",
"name": "[variables('netSecurityGroup')]",
"location": "[resourceGroup().location]",
"tags": {
"workshop": "[parameters('workshopName')]"
},
"properties": {
"securityRules": [
{
"name": "default-open-ports",
"properties": {
"protocol": "Tcp",
"sourcePortRange": "*",
"destinationPortRange": "*",
"sourceAddressPrefix": "*",
"destinationAddressPrefix": "*",
"access": "Allow",
"priority": 1000,
"direction": "Inbound"
}
}
]
}
}
],
"outputs": {
"resourceID": {
"type": "string",
"value": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses', concat(variables('publicIPAddressName'),'1'))]"
}
}
}

View File

@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
{
"$schema": "http://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2015-01-01/deploymentParameters.json#",
"contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
"parameters": {
"sshKeyData": {
"value": "ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDXTIl/M9oeSlcsC5Rfe+nZr4Jc4sl200pSw2lpdxlZ3xzeP15NgSSMJnigUrKUXHfqRQ+2wiPxEf0Odz2GdvmXvR0xodayoOQsO24AoERjeSBXCwqITsfp1bGKzMb30/3ojRBo6LBR6r1+lzJYnNCGkT+IQwLzRIpm0LCNz1j08PUI2aZ04+mcDANvHuN/hwi/THbLLp6SNWN43m9r02RcC6xlCNEhJi4wk4VzMzVbSv9RlLGST2ocbUHwmQ2k9OUmpzoOx73aQi9XNnEaFh2w/eIdXM75VtkT3mRryyykg9y0/hH8/MVmIuRIdzxHQqlm++DLXVH5Ctw6a4kS+ki7 workshop"
},
"workshopName": {
"value": "workshop"
},
"numberOfInstances": {
"value": 3
},
"vmSize": {
"value": "Standard_D1_v2"
}
}
}

View File

@@ -12,9 +12,7 @@
{%- set cluster_or_machine = "cluster" -%}
{%- set this_or_each = "each" -%}
{%- set machine_is_or_machines_are = "machines are" -%}
{%- set image_src_swarm = "https://cdn.wp.nginx.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/docker-swarm-hero2.png" -%}
{%- set image_src_kube = "https://avatars1.githubusercontent.com/u/13629408" -%}
{%- set image_src = image_src_swarm -%}
{%- set image_src = "https://cdn.wp.nginx.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/docker-swarm-hero2.png" -%}
{%- endif -%}
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>

View File

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
Put your initials in the first column to "claim" a cluster.
Initials{% for node in clusters[0] %} node{{ loop.index }}{% endfor %}
{% for cluster in clusters -%}
{%- for node in cluster %} {{ node|trim }}{% endfor %}
{% endfor %}
Can't render this file because it contains an unexpected character in line 1 and column 42.

View File

@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
#!/bin/sh
if [ $(whoami) != ubuntu ]; then
echo "This script should be executed on a freshly deployed node,"
echo "with the 'ubuntu' user. Aborting."
exit 1
fi
if id docker; then
sudo userdel -r docker
fi
pip install --user awscli jinja2 pdfkit
sudo apt-get install -y wkhtmltopdf xvfb
tmux new-session \; send-keys "
[ -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa ] || ssh-keygen
eval \$(ssh-agent)
ssh-add
Xvfb :0 &
export DISPLAY=:0
mkdir -p ~/www
sudo docker run -d -p 80:80 -v \$HOME/www:/usr/share/nginx/html nginx
"

View File

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ services:
working_dir: /root/prepare-vms
volumes:
- $HOME/.aws/:/root/.aws/
- /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro
- $SSH_AUTH_SOCK:$SSH_AUTH_SOCK
- $PWD/:/root/prepare-vms/
environment:
@@ -14,6 +15,5 @@ services:
AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID: ${AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID}
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: ${AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY}
AWS_DEFAULT_REGION: ${AWS_DEFAULT_REGION}
AWS_INSTANCE_TYPE: ${AWS_INSTANCE_TYPE}
USER: ${USER}
entrypoint: /root/prepare-vms/workshopctl

View File

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
_ERR() {
error "Command $BASH_COMMAND failed (exit status: $?)"
}
set -eE
set -e
trap _ERR ERR
die() {

View File

@@ -39,16 +39,13 @@ _cmd_cards() {
need_tag $TAG
need_settings $SETTINGS
# If you're not using AWS, populate the ips.txt file manually
if [ ! -f tags/$TAG/ips.txt ]; then
aws_get_instance_ips_by_tag $TAG >tags/$TAG/ips.txt
fi
aws_get_instance_ips_by_tag $TAG >tags/$TAG/ips.txt
# Remove symlinks to old cards
rm -f ips.html ips.pdf
# This will generate two files in the base dir: ips.pdf and ips.html
lib/ips-txt-to-html.py $SETTINGS
python lib/ips-txt-to-html.py $SETTINGS
for f in ips.html ips.pdf; do
# Remove old versions of cards if they exist
@@ -127,21 +124,27 @@ _cmd kube "Setup kubernetes clusters with kubeadm (must be run AFTER deploy)"
_cmd_kube() {
# Install packages
pssh --timeout 200 "
pssh "
curl -s https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg |
sudo apt-key add - &&
echo deb http://apt.kubernetes.io/ kubernetes-xenial main |
sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list"
pssh --timeout 200 "
pssh "
sudo apt-get update -q &&
sudo apt-get install -qy kubelet kubeadm kubectl
kubectl completion bash | sudo tee /etc/bash_completion.d/kubectl"
# Work around https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/53356
pssh "
if [ ! -f /etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf ]; then
sudo systemctl stop kubelet
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/kubelet/pki
fi"
# Initialize kube master
pssh --timeout 200 "
pssh "
if grep -q node1 /tmp/node && [ ! -f /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf ]; then
kubeadm token generate > /tmp/token
sudo kubeadm init --token \$(cat /tmp/token)
sudo kubeadm init
fi"
# Put kubeconfig in ubuntu's and docker's accounts
@@ -154,6 +157,15 @@ _cmd_kube() {
sudo chown -R docker /home/docker/.kube
fi"
# Get bootstrap token
pssh "
if grep -q node1 /tmp/node; then
TOKEN_NAME=\$(kubectl -n kube-system get secret -o name | grep bootstrap-token)
TOKEN_ID=\$(kubectl -n kube-system get \$TOKEN_NAME -o go-template --template '{{ index .data \"token-id\" }}' | base64 -d)
TOKEN_SECRET=\$(kubectl -n kube-system get \$TOKEN_NAME -o go-template --template '{{ index .data \"token-secret\" }}' | base64 -d)
echo \$TOKEN_ID.\$TOKEN_SECRET >/tmp/token
fi"
# Install weave as the pod network
pssh "
if grep -q node1 /tmp/node; then
@@ -162,30 +174,15 @@ _cmd_kube() {
fi"
# Join the other nodes to the cluster
pssh --timeout 200 "
pssh "
if ! grep -q node1 /tmp/node && [ ! -f /etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf ]; then
TOKEN=\$(ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no node1 cat /tmp/token)
sudo kubeadm join --discovery-token-unsafe-skip-ca-verification --token \$TOKEN node1:6443
sudo kubeadm join --token \$TOKEN node1:6443
fi"
sep "Done"
}
_cmd kubetest "Check that all notes are reporting as Ready"
_cmd_kubetest() {
# There are way too many backslashes in the command below.
# Feel free to make that better ♥
pssh "
set -e
[ -f /tmp/node ]
if grep -q node1 /tmp/node; then
which kubectl
for NODE in \$(awk /\ node/\ {print\ \\\$2} /etc/hosts); do
echo \$NODE ; kubectl get nodes | grep -w \$NODE | grep -w Ready
done
fi"
}
_cmd ids "List the instance IDs belonging to a given tag or token"
_cmd_ids() {
TAG=$1
@@ -283,9 +280,6 @@ _cmd_start() {
key_name=$(sync_keys)
AMI=$(_cmd_ami) # Retrieve the AWS image ID
if [ -z "$AMI" ]; then
die "I could not find which AMI to use in this region. Try another region?"
fi
TOKEN=$(get_token) # generate a timestamp token for this batch of VMs
AWS_KEY_NAME=$(make_key_name)
@@ -298,7 +292,7 @@ _cmd_start() {
result=$(aws ec2 run-instances \
--key-name $AWS_KEY_NAME \
--count $COUNT \
--instance-type ${AWS_INSTANCE_TYPE-t2.medium} \
--instance-type t2.medium \
--client-token $TOKEN \
--image-id $AMI)
reservation_id=$(echo "$result" | head -1 | awk '{print $2}')
@@ -393,23 +387,9 @@ pull_tag() {
ubuntu:latest \
fedora:latest \
centos:latest \
elasticsearch:2 \
postgres \
redis \
alpine \
registry \
nicolaka/netshoot \
jpetazzo/trainingwheels \
golang \
training/namer \
dockercoins/hasher \
dockercoins/rng \
dockercoins/webui \
dockercoins/worker \
logstash \
prom/node-exporter \
google/cadvisor \
dockersamples/visualizer \
nathanleclaire/redisonrails; do
sudo -u docker docker pull $I
done'
@@ -450,7 +430,6 @@ tag_is_reachable() {
}
test_tag() {
TAG=$1
ips_file=tags/$TAG/ips.txt
info "Picking a random IP address in $ips_file to run tests."
n=$((1 + $RANDOM % $(wc -l <$ips_file)))

View File

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ def system(cmd):
# On EC2, the ephemeral disk might be mounted on /mnt.
# If /mnt is a mountpoint, place Docker workspace on it.
system("if mountpoint -q /mnt; then sudo mkdir -p /mnt/docker && sudo ln -sfn /mnt/docker /var/lib/docker; fi")
system("if mountpoint -q /mnt; then sudo mkdir /mnt/docker && sudo ln -s /mnt/docker /var/lib/docker; fi")
# Put our public IP in /tmp/ipv4
# ipv4_retrieval_endpoint = "http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/public-ipv4"
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ system("sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-machine")
system("docker-machine version")
system("sudo apt-get remove -y --purge dnsmasq-base")
system("sudo apt-get -qy install python-setuptools pssh apache2-utils httping htop unzip mosh tree")
system("sudo apt-get -qy install python-setuptools pssh apache2-utils httping htop unzip mosh")
### Wait for Docker to be up.
### (If we don't do this, Docker will not be responsive during the next step.)

View File

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
# Number of VMs per cluster
clustersize: 5
# Jinja2 template to use to generate ready-to-cut cards
cards_template: clusters.csv

View File

@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
# customize your cluster size, your cards template, and the versions
# Number of VMs per cluster
clustersize: 5
# Jinja2 template to use to generate ready-to-cut cards
cards_template: cards.html
# Use "Letter" in the US, and "A4" everywhere else
paper_size: Letter
# Feel free to reduce this if your printer can handle it
paper_margin: 0.2in
# Note: paper_size and paper_margin only apply to PDF generated with pdfkit.
# If you print (or generate a PDF) using ips.html, they will be ignored.
# (The equivalent parameters must be set from the browser's print dialog.)
# This can be "test" or "stable"
engine_version: test
# These correspond to the version numbers visible on their respective GitHub release pages
compose_version: 1.18.0
machine_version: 0.13.0

View File

@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ paper_margin: 0.2in
# (The equivalent parameters must be set from the browser's print dialog.)
# This can be "test" or "stable"
engine_version: stable
engine_version: test
# These correspond to the version numbers visible on their respective GitHub release pages
compose_version: 1.21.1
machine_version: 0.14.0
compose_version: 1.16.1
machine_version: 0.12.0

View File

@@ -1,106 +0,0 @@
{# Feel free to customize or override anything in there! #}
{%- set url = "http://container.training/" -%}
{%- set pagesize = 12 -%}
{%- if clustersize == 1 -%}
{%- set workshop_name = "Docker workshop" -%}
{%- set cluster_or_machine = "machine" -%}
{%- set this_or_each = "this" -%}
{%- set machine_is_or_machines_are = "machine is" -%}
{%- set image_src = "https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/www.breadware.com/integrations/docker.png" -%}
{%- else -%}
{%- set workshop_name = "Kubernetes workshop" -%}
{%- set cluster_or_machine = "cluster" -%}
{%- set this_or_each = "each" -%}
{%- set machine_is_or_machines_are = "machines are" -%}
{%- set image_src_swarm = "https://cdn.wp.nginx.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/docker-swarm-hero2.png" -%}
{%- set image_src_kube = "https://avatars1.githubusercontent.com/u/13629408" -%}
{%- set image_src = image_src_kube -%}
{%- endif -%}
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head><style>
body, table {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
line-height: 1em;
font-size: 14px;
}
table {
border-spacing: 0;
margin-top: 0.4em;
margin-bottom: 0.4em;
border-left: 0.8em double grey;
padding-left: 0.4em;
}
div {
float: left;
border: 1px dotted black;
padding-top: 1%;
padding-bottom: 1%;
/* columns * (width+left+right) < 100% */
width: 21.5%;
padding-left: 1.5%;
padding-right: 1.5%;
}
p {
margin: 0.4em 0 0.4em 0;
}
img {
height: 4em;
float: right;
margin-right: -0.4em;
}
.logpass {
font-family: monospace;
font-weight: bold;
}
.pagebreak {
page-break-after: always;
clear: both;
display: block;
height: 8px;
}
</style></head>
<body>
{% for cluster in clusters %}
{% if loop.index0>0 and loop.index0%pagesize==0 %}
<span class="pagebreak"></span>
{% endif %}
<div>
<p>
Here is the connection information to your very own
{{ cluster_or_machine }} for this {{ workshop_name }}.
You can connect to {{ this_or_each }} VM with any SSH client.
</p>
<p>
<img src="{{ image_src }}" />
<table>
<tr><td>login:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="logpass">docker</td></tr>
<tr><td>password:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="logpass">training</td></tr>
</table>
</p>
<p>
Your {{ machine_is_or_machines_are }}:
<table>
{% for node in cluster %}
<tr><td>node{{ loop.index }}:</td><td>{{ node }}</td></tr>
{% endfor %}
</table>
</p>
<p>You can find the slides at:
<center>{{ url }}</center>
</p>
</div>
{% endfor %}
</body>
</html>

View File

@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
# 3 nodes for k8s 101 workshops
# Number of VMs per cluster
clustersize: 3
# Jinja2 template to use to generate ready-to-cut cards
cards_template: settings/kube101.html
# Use "Letter" in the US, and "A4" everywhere else
paper_size: Letter
# Feel free to reduce this if your printer can handle it
paper_margin: 0.2in
# Note: paper_size and paper_margin only apply to PDF generated with pdfkit.
# If you print (or generate a PDF) using ips.html, they will be ignored.
# (The equivalent parameters must be set from the browser's print dialog.)
# This can be "test" or "stable"
engine_version: stable
# These correspond to the version numbers visible on their respective GitHub release pages
compose_version: 1.21.1
machine_version: 0.14.0

View File

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
# This file is passed by trainer-cli to scripts/ips-txt-to-html.py
# Number of VMs per cluster
clustersize: 3
clustersize: 5
# Jinja2 template to use to generate ready-to-cut cards
cards_template: cards.html
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ paper_margin: 0.2in
# (The equivalent parameters must be set from the browser's print dialog.)
# This can be "test" or "stable"
engine_version: stable
engine_version: test
# These correspond to the version numbers visible on their respective GitHub release pages
compose_version: 1.21.1
machine_version: 0.14.0
compose_version: 1.16.1
machine_version: 0.12.0

View File

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ check_envvars() {
if [ -z "${!envvar}" ]; then
error "Environment variable $envvar is not set."
if [ "$envvar" = "SSH_AUTH_SOCK" ]; then
error "Hint: run 'eval \$(ssh-agent) ; ssh-add' and try again?"
error "Hint: run '\$(ssh-agent) ; ssh-add' and try again?"
fi
status=1
fi

View File

@@ -1 +1 @@
/ /kube-halfday.yml.html 200!
/ /dockercon.yml.html 200!

View File

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
import logging
import os
import subprocess
import sys
logging.basicConfig(level=os.environ.get("LOG_LEVEL", "INFO"))
filename = sys.argv[1]
logging.info("Checking file {}...".format(filename))
text = subprocess.check_output(["./slidechecker.js", filename])
html = open(filename).read()
html = html.replace("</textarea>", "\n---\n```\n{}\n```\n</textarea>".format(text))
open(filename, "w").write(html)

View File

@@ -1,418 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding: utf-8
import click
import logging
import os
import random
import re
import select
import subprocess
import sys
import time
import uuid
import yaml
logging.basicConfig(level=os.environ.get("LOG_LEVEL", "INFO"))
TIMEOUT = 60 # 1 minute
# This one is not a constant. It's an ugly global.
IPADDR = None
class State(object):
def __init__(self):
self.interactive = True
self.verify_status = False
self.simulate_type = True
self.slide = 1
self.snippet = 0
def load(self):
data = yaml.load(open("state.yaml"))
self.interactive = bool(data["interactive"])
self.verify_status = bool(data["verify_status"])
self.simulate_type = bool(data["simulate_type"])
self.slide = int(data["slide"])
self.snippet = int(data["snippet"])
def save(self):
with open("state.yaml", "w") as f:
yaml.dump(dict(
interactive=self.interactive,
verify_status=self.verify_status,
simulate_type=self.simulate_type,
slide=self.slide,
snippet=self.snippet,
), f, default_flow_style=False)
state = State()
def hrule():
return "="*int(subprocess.check_output(["tput", "cols"]))
# A "snippet" is something that the user is supposed to do in the workshop.
# Most of the "snippets" are shell commands.
# Some of them can be key strokes or other actions.
# In the markdown source, they are the code sections (identified by triple-
# quotes) within .exercise[] sections.
class Snippet(object):
def __init__(self, slide, content):
self.slide = slide
self.content = content
# Extract the "method" (e.g. bash, keys, ...)
# On multi-line snippets, the method is alone on the first line
# On single-line snippets, the data follows the method immediately
if '\n' in content:
self.method, self.data = content.split('\n', 1)
else:
self.method, self.data = content.split(' ', 1)
self.data = self.data.strip()
self.next = None
def __str__(self):
return self.content
class Slide(object):
current_slide = 0
def __init__(self, content):
self.number = Slide.current_slide
Slide.current_slide += 1
# Remove commented-out slides
# (remark.js considers ??? to be the separator for speaker notes)
content = re.split("\n\?\?\?\n", content)[0]
self.content = content
self.snippets = []
exercises = re.findall("\.exercise\[(.*)\]", content, re.DOTALL)
for exercise in exercises:
if "```" in exercise:
previous = None
for snippet_content in exercise.split("```")[1::2]:
snippet = Snippet(self, snippet_content)
if previous:
previous.next = snippet
previous = snippet
self.snippets.append(snippet)
else:
logging.warning("Exercise on slide {} does not have any ``` snippet."
.format(self.number))
self.debug()
def __str__(self):
text = self.content
for snippet in self.snippets:
text = text.replace(snippet.content, ansi("7")(snippet.content))
return text
def debug(self):
logging.debug("\n{}\n{}\n{}".format(hrule(), self.content, hrule()))
def focus_slides():
subprocess.check_output(["i3-msg", "workspace", "3"])
subprocess.check_output(["i3-msg", "workspace", "1"])
def focus_terminal():
subprocess.check_output(["i3-msg", "workspace", "2"])
subprocess.check_output(["i3-msg", "workspace", "1"])
def focus_browser():
subprocess.check_output(["i3-msg", "workspace", "4"])
subprocess.check_output(["i3-msg", "workspace", "1"])
def ansi(code):
return lambda s: "\x1b[{}m{}\x1b[0m".format(code, s)
# Sleeps the indicated delay, but interruptible by pressing ENTER.
# If interrupted, returns True.
def interruptible_sleep(t):
rfds, _, _ = select.select([0], [], [], t)
return 0 in rfds
def wait_for_string(s, timeout=TIMEOUT):
logging.debug("Waiting for string: {}".format(s))
deadline = time.time() + timeout
while time.time() < deadline:
output = capture_pane()
if s in output:
return
if interruptible_sleep(1): return
raise Exception("Timed out while waiting for {}!".format(s))
def wait_for_prompt():
logging.debug("Waiting for prompt.")
deadline = time.time() + TIMEOUT
while time.time() < deadline:
output = capture_pane()
# If we are not at the bottom of the screen, there will be a bunch of extra \n's
output = output.rstrip('\n')
last_line = output.split('\n')[-1]
# Our custom prompt on the VMs has two lines; the 2nd line is just '$'
if last_line == "$":
# This is a perfect opportunity to grab the node's IP address
global IPADDR
IPADDR = re.findall("^\[(.*)\]", output, re.MULTILINE)[-1]
return
# When we are in an alpine container, the prompt will be "/ #"
if last_line == "/ #":
return
# We did not recognize a known prompt; wait a bit and check again
logging.debug("Could not find a known prompt on last line: {!r}"
.format(last_line))
if interruptible_sleep(1): return
raise Exception("Timed out while waiting for prompt!")
def check_exit_status():
if not state.verify_status:
return
token = uuid.uuid4().hex
data = "echo {} $?\n".format(token)
logging.debug("Sending {!r} to get exit status.".format(data))
send_keys(data)
time.sleep(0.5)
wait_for_prompt()
screen = capture_pane()
status = re.findall("\n{} ([0-9]+)\n".format(token), screen, re.MULTILINE)
logging.debug("Got exit status: {}.".format(status))
if len(status) == 0:
raise Exception("Couldn't retrieve status code {}. Timed out?".format(token))
if len(status) > 1:
raise Exception("More than one status code {}. I'm seeing double! Shoot them both.".format(token))
code = int(status[0])
if code != 0:
raise Exception("Non-zero exit status: {}.".format(code))
# Otherwise just return peacefully.
def setup_tmux_and_ssh():
if subprocess.call(["tmux", "has-session"]):
logging.error("Couldn't connect to tmux. Please setup tmux first.")
ipaddr = open("../../prepare-vms/ips.txt").read().split("\n")[0]
uid = os.getuid()
raise Exception("""
1. If you're running this directly from a node:
tmux
2. If you want to control a remote tmux:
rm -f /tmp/tmux-{uid}/default && ssh -t -L /tmp/tmux-{uid}/default:/tmp/tmux-1001/default docker@{ipaddr} tmux new-session -As 0
3. If you cannot control a remote tmux:
tmux new-session ssh docker@{ipaddr}
""".format(uid=uid, ipaddr=ipaddr))
else:
logging.info("Found tmux session. Trying to acquire shell prompt.")
wait_for_prompt()
logging.info("Successfully connected to test cluster in tmux session.")
slides = [Slide("Dummy slide zero")]
content = open(sys.argv[1]).read()
# OK, this part is definitely hackish, and will break if the
# excludedClasses parameter is not on a single line.
excluded_classes = re.findall("excludedClasses: (\[.*\])", content)
excluded_classes = set(eval(excluded_classes[0]))
for slide in re.split("\n---?\n", content):
slide_classes = re.findall("class: (.*)", slide)
if slide_classes:
slide_classes = slide_classes[0].split(",")
slide_classes = [c.strip() for c in slide_classes]
if excluded_classes & set(slide_classes):
logging.info("Skipping excluded slide.")
continue
slides.append(Slide(slide))
def send_keys(data):
if state.simulate_type and data[0] != '^':
for key in data:
if key == ";":
key = "\\;"
if key == "\n":
if interruptible_sleep(1): return
subprocess.check_call(["tmux", "send-keys", key])
if interruptible_sleep(0.15*random.random()): return
if key == "\n":
if interruptible_sleep(1): return
else:
subprocess.check_call(["tmux", "send-keys", data])
def capture_pane():
return subprocess.check_output(["tmux", "capture-pane", "-p"]).decode('utf-8')
setup_tmux_and_ssh()
try:
state.load()
logging.info("Successfully loaded state from file.")
# Let's override the starting state, so that when an error occurs,
# we can restart the auto-tester and then single-step or debug.
# (Instead of running again through the same issue immediately.)
state.interactive = True
except Exception as e:
logging.exception("Could not load state from file.")
logging.warning("Using default values.")
def move_forward():
state.snippet += 1
if state.snippet > len(slides[state.slide].snippets):
state.slide += 1
state.snippet = 0
check_bounds()
def move_backward():
state.snippet -= 1
if state.snippet < 0:
state.slide -= 1
state.snippet = 0
check_bounds()
def check_bounds():
if state.slide < 1:
state.slide = 1
if state.slide >= len(slides):
state.slide = len(slides)-1
while True:
state.save()
slide = slides[state.slide]
snippet = slide.snippets[state.snippet-1] if state.snippet else None
click.clear()
print("[Slide {}/{}] [Snippet {}/{}] [simulate_type:{}] [verify_status:{}]"
.format(state.slide, len(slides)-1,
state.snippet, len(slide.snippets) if slide.snippets else 0,
state.simulate_type, state.verify_status))
print(hrule())
if snippet:
print(slide.content.replace(snippet.content, ansi(7)(snippet.content)))
focus_terminal()
else:
print(slide.content)
subprocess.check_output(["./gotoslide.js", str(slide.number)])
focus_slides()
print(hrule())
if state.interactive:
print("y/⎵/⏎ Execute snippet or advance to next snippet")
print("p/← Previous")
print("n/→ Next")
print("s Simulate keystrokes")
print("v Validate exit status")
print("g Go to a specific slide")
print("q Quit")
print("c Continue non-interactively until next error")
command = click.getchar()
else:
command = "y"
if command in ("n", "\x1b[C"):
move_forward()
elif command in ("p", "\x1b[D"):
move_backward()
elif command == "s":
state.simulate_type = not state.simulate_type
elif command == "v":
state.verify_status = not state.verify_status
elif command == "g":
state.slide = click.prompt("Enter slide number", type=int)
state.snippet = 0
check_bounds()
elif command == "q":
break
elif command == "c":
# continue until next timeout
state.interactive = False
elif command in ("y", "\r", " "):
if not snippet:
# Advance to next snippet
# Advance until a slide that has snippets
while not slides[state.slide].snippets:
move_forward()
# But stop if we reach the last slide
if state.slide == len(slides)-1:
break
# And then advance to the snippet
move_forward()
continue
method, data = snippet.method, snippet.data
logging.info("Running with method {}: {}".format(method, data))
if method == "keys":
send_keys(data)
elif method == "bash":
# Make sure that we're ready
wait_for_prompt()
# Strip leading spaces
data = re.sub("\n +", "\n", data)
# Remove backticks (they are used to highlight sections)
data = data.replace('`', '')
# Add "RETURN" at the end of the command :)
data += "\n"
# Send command
send_keys(data)
# Force a short sleep to avoid race condition
time.sleep(0.5)
if snippet.next and snippet.next.method == "wait":
wait_for_string(snippet.next.data)
elif snippet.next and snippet.next.method == "longwait":
wait_for_string(snippet.next.data, 10*TIMEOUT)
else:
wait_for_prompt()
# Verify return code
check_exit_status()
elif method == "copypaste":
screen = capture_pane()
matches = re.findall(data, screen, flags=re.DOTALL)
if len(matches) == 0:
raise Exception("Could not find regex {} in output.".format(data))
# Arbitrarily get the most recent match
match = matches[-1]
# Remove line breaks (like a screen copy paste would do)
match = match.replace('\n', '')
send_keys(match + '\n')
# FIXME: we should factor out the "bash" method
wait_for_prompt()
check_exit_status()
elif method == "open":
# Cheap way to get node1's IP address
screen = capture_pane()
url = data.replace("/node1", "/{}".format(IPADDR))
# This should probably be adapted to run on different OS
subprocess.check_output(["xdg-open", url])
focus_browser()
if state.interactive:
print("Press any key to continue to next step...")
click.getchar()
else:
logging.warning("Unknown method {}: {!r}".format(method, data))
move_forward()
else:
logging.warning("Unknown command {}.".format(command))

View File

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env node
/* Expects a slide number as first argument.
* Will connect to the local pub/sub server,
* and issue a "go to slide X" command, which
* will be sent to all connected browsers.
*/
var io = require('socket.io-client');
var socket = io('http://localhost:3000');
socket.on('connect_error', function(){
console.log('connection error');
socket.close();
});
socket.emit('slide change', process.argv[2], function(){
socket.close();
});

View File

@@ -1,603 +0,0 @@
{
"name": "container-training-pub-sub-server",
"version": "0.0.1",
"lockfileVersion": 1,
"requires": true,
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"requires": {
"mime-types": "2.1.17",
"negotiator": "0.6.1"
}
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"integrity": "sha1-/ts5T58OAqqXaOcCvaI7UF+ufh8="
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"integrity": "sha1-ml9pkFGx5wczKPKgCJaLZOopVdI="
},
"arraybuffer.slice": {
"version": "0.0.6",
"resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/arraybuffer.slice/-/arraybuffer.slice-0.0.6.tgz",
"integrity": "sha1-8zshWfBTKj8xB6JywMz70a0peco="
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"integrity": "sha512-jp/uFnooOiO+L211eZOoSyzpOITMXx1rBITauYykG3BRYPu8h0UcxsPNB04RR5vo4Tyz3+ay17tR6JVf9qzYWg=="
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"backo2": {
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}
}

View File

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
{
"name": "container-training-pub-sub-server",
"version": "0.0.1",
"dependencies": {
"express": "^4.16.2",
"socket.io": "^2.0.4"
}
}

View File

@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
/* This snippet is loaded from the workshop HTML file.
* It sets up callbacks to synchronize the local slide
* number with the remote pub/sub server.
*/
var socket = io();
var leader = true;
slideshow.on('showSlide', function (slide) {
if (leader) {
var n = slide.getSlideIndex()+1;
socket.emit('slide change', n);
}
});
socket.on('slide change', function (n) {
leader = false;
slideshow.gotoSlide(n);
leader = true;
});

View File

@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env node
/* This is a very simple pub/sub server, allowing to
* remote control browsers displaying the slides.
* The browsers connect to this pub/sub server using
* Socket.IO, and the server tells them which slides
* to display.
*
* The server can be controlled with a little CLI,
* or by one of the browsers.
*/
var express = require('express');
var app = express();
var http = require('http').Server(app);
var io = require('socket.io')(http);
app.get('/', function(req, res){
res.send('container.training autopilot pub/sub server');
});
/* Serve remote.js from the current directory */
app.use(express.static('.'));
/* Serve slides etc. from current and the parent directory */
app.use(express.static('..'));
io.on('connection', function(socket){
console.log('a client connected: ' + socket.handshake.address);
socket.on('slide change', function(n, ack){
console.log('slide change: ' + n);
socket.broadcast.emit('slide change', n);
if (typeof ack === 'function') {
ack();
}
});
});
http.listen(3000, function(){
console.log('listening on *:3000');
});

View File

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
#!/bin/sh
# This removes the clock (and other extraneous stuff) from the
# tmux status bar, and it gives it a non-default color.
tmux set-option -g status-left ""
tmux set-option -g status-right ""
tmux set-option -g status-style bg=cyan

View File

@@ -1,29 +1,15 @@
#!/bin/sh
set -e
case "$1" in
once)
./index.py
for YAML in *.yml; do
./markmaker.py $YAML > $YAML.html || {
./markmaker.py < $YAML > $YAML.html || {
rm $YAML.html
break
}
done
if [ -n "$SLIDECHECKER" ]; then
for YAML in *.yml; do
./appendcheck.py $YAML.html
done
fi
;;
forever)
set +e
# check if entr is installed
if ! command -v entr >/dev/null; then
echo >&2 "First install 'entr' with apt, brew, etc."
exit
fi
# There is a weird bug in entr, at least on MacOS,
# where it doesn't restore the terminal to a clean
# state when exitting. So let's try to work around

View File

@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
## About these slides
- All the content is available in a public GitHub repository:
https://@@GITREPO@@
- You can get updated "builds" of the slides there:
http://container.training/
<!--
.exercise[
```open https://@@GITREPO@@```
```open http://container.training/```
]
-->
--
- Typos? Mistakes? Questions? Feel free to hover over the bottom of the slide ...
.footnote[.emoji[👇] Try it! The source file will be shown and you can view it on GitHub and fork and edit it.]
<!--
.exercise[
```open https://@@GITREPO@@/tree/master/slides/common/about-slides.md```
]
-->
---
class: extra-details
## Extra details
- This slide has a little magnifying glass in the top left corner
- This magnifying glass indicates slides that provide extra details
- Feel free to skip them if:
- you are in a hurry
- you are new to this and want to avoid cognitive overload
- you want only the most essential information
- You can review these slides another time if you want, they'll be waiting for you ☺

View File

@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
## Clean up
- Before moving on, let's remove those containers
.exercise[
- Tell Compose to remove everything:
```bash
docker-compose down
```
]

View File

@@ -1,220 +0,0 @@
## Restarting in the background
- Many flags and commands of Compose are modeled after those of `docker`
.exercise[
- Start the app in the background with the `-d` option:
```bash
docker-compose up -d
```
- Check that our app is running with the `ps` command:
```bash
docker-compose ps
```
]
`docker-compose ps` also shows the ports exposed by the application.
---
class: extra-details
## Viewing logs
- The `docker-compose logs` command works like `docker logs`
.exercise[
- View all logs since container creation and exit when done:
```bash
docker-compose logs
```
- Stream container logs, starting at the last 10 lines for each container:
```bash
docker-compose logs --tail 10 --follow
```
<!--
```wait units of work done```
```keys ^C```
-->
]
Tip: use `^S` and `^Q` to pause/resume log output.
---
## Scaling up the application
- Our goal is to make that performance graph go up (without changing a line of code!)
--
- Before trying to scale the application, we'll figure out if we need more resources
(CPU, RAM...)
- For that, we will use good old UNIX tools on our Docker node
---
## Looking at resource usage
- Let's look at CPU, memory, and I/O usage
.exercise[
- run `top` to see CPU and memory usage (you should see idle cycles)
<!--
```bash top```
```wait Tasks```
```keys ^C```
-->
- run `vmstat 1` to see I/O usage (si/so/bi/bo)
<br/>(the 4 numbers should be almost zero, except `bo` for logging)
<!--
```bash vmstat 1```
```wait memory```
```keys ^C```
-->
]
We have available resources.
- Why?
- How can we use them?
---
## Scaling workers on a single node
- Docker Compose supports scaling
- Let's scale `worker` and see what happens!
.exercise[
- Start one more `worker` container:
```bash
docker-compose up -d --scale worker=2
```
- Look at the performance graph (it should show a x2 improvement)
- Look at the aggregated logs of our containers (`worker_2` should show up)
- Look at the impact on CPU load with e.g. top (it should be negligible)
]
---
## Adding more workers
- Great, let's add more workers and call it a day, then!
.exercise[
- Start eight more `worker` containers:
```bash
docker-compose up -d --scale worker=10
```
- Look at the performance graph: does it show a x10 improvement?
- Look at the aggregated logs of our containers
- Look at the impact on CPU load and memory usage
]
---
# Identifying bottlenecks
- You should have seen a 3x speed bump (not 10x)
- Adding workers didn't result in linear improvement
- *Something else* is slowing us down
--
- ... But what?
--
- The code doesn't have instrumentation
- Let's use state-of-the-art HTTP performance analysis!
<br/>(i.e. good old tools like `ab`, `httping`...)
---
## Accessing internal services
- `rng` and `hasher` are exposed on ports 8001 and 8002
- This is declared in the Compose file:
```yaml
...
rng:
build: rng
ports:
- "8001:80"
hasher:
build: hasher
ports:
- "8002:80"
...
```
---
## Measuring latency under load
We will use `httping`.
.exercise[
- Check the latency of `rng`:
```bash
httping -c 3 localhost:8001
```
- Check the latency of `hasher`:
```bash
httping -c 3 localhost:8002
```
]
`rng` has a much higher latency than `hasher`.
---
## Let's draw hasty conclusions
- The bottleneck seems to be `rng`
- *What if* we don't have enough entropy and can't generate enough random numbers?
- We need to scale out the `rng` service on multiple machines!
Note: this is a fiction! We have enough entropy. But we need a pretext to scale out.
(In fact, the code of `rng` uses `/dev/urandom`, which never runs out of entropy...
<br/>
...and is [just as good as `/dev/random`](http://www.slideshare.net/PacSecJP/filippo-plain-simple-reality-of-entropy).)

View File

@@ -1,63 +0,0 @@
# Declarative vs imperative
- Our container orchestrator puts a very strong emphasis on being *declarative*
- Declarative:
*I would like a cup of tea.*
- Imperative:
*Boil some water. Pour it in a teapot. Add tea leaves. Steep for a while. Serve in a cup.*
--
- Declarative seems simpler at first ...
--
- ... As long as you know how to brew tea
---
## Declarative vs imperative
- What declarative would really be:
*I want a cup of tea, obtained by pouring an infusion¹ of tea leaves in a cup.*
--
*¹An infusion is obtained by letting the object steep a few minutes in hot² water.*
--
*²Hot liquid is obtained by pouring it in an appropriate container³ and setting it on a stove.*
--
*³Ah, finally, containers! Something we know about. Let's get to work, shall we?*
--
.footnote[Did you know there was an [ISO standard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3103)
specifying how to brew tea?]
---
## Declarative vs imperative
- Imperative systems:
- simpler
- if a task is interrupted, we have to restart from scratch
- Declarative systems:
- if a task is interrupted (or if we show up to the party half-way through),
we can figure out what's missing and do only what's necessary
- we need to be able to *observe* the system
- ... and compute a "diff" between *what we have* and *what we want*

View File

@@ -1,309 +0,0 @@
# Pre-requirements
- Be comfortable with the UNIX command line
- navigating directories
- editing files
- a little bit of bash-fu (environment variables, loops)
- Some Docker knowledge
- `docker run`, `docker ps`, `docker build`
- ideally, you know how to write a Dockerfile and build it
<br/>
(even if it's a `FROM` line and a couple of `RUN` commands)
- It's totally OK if you are not a Docker expert!
---
class: title
*Tell me and I forget.*
<br/>
*Teach me and I remember.*
<br/>
*Involve me and I learn.*
Misattributed to Benjamin Franklin
[(Probably inspired by Chinese Confucian philosopher Xunzi)](https://www.barrypopik.com/index.php/new_york_city/entry/tell_me_and_i_forget_teach_me_and_i_may_remember_involve_me_and_i_will_lear/)
---
## Hands-on sections
- The whole workshop is hands-on
- We are going to build, ship, and run containers!
- You are invited to reproduce all the demos
- All hands-on sections are clearly identified, like the gray rectangle below
.exercise[
- This is the stuff you're supposed to do!
- Go to @@SLIDES@@ to view these slides
- Join the chat room: @@CHAT@@
<!-- ```open @@SLIDES@@``` -->
]
---
class: in-person
## Where are we going to run our containers?
---
class: in-person, pic
![You get a cluster](images/you-get-a-cluster.jpg)
---
class: in-person
## You get a cluster of cloud VMs
- Each person gets a private cluster of cloud VMs (not shared with anybody else)
- They'll remain up for the duration of the workshop
- You should have a little card with login+password+IP addresses
- You can automatically SSH from one VM to another
- The nodes have aliases: `node1`, `node2`, etc.
---
class: in-person
## Why don't we run containers locally?
- Installing that stuff can be hard on some machines
(32 bits CPU or OS... Laptops without administrator access... etc.)
- *"The whole team downloaded all these container images from the WiFi!
<br/>... and it went great!"* (Literally no-one ever)
- All you need is a computer (or even a phone or tablet!), with:
- an internet connection
- a web browser
- an SSH client
---
class: in-person
## SSH clients
- On Linux, OS X, FreeBSD... you are probably all set
- On Windows, get one of these:
- [putty](http://www.putty.org/)
- Microsoft [Win32 OpenSSH](https://github.com/PowerShell/Win32-OpenSSH/wiki/Install-Win32-OpenSSH)
- [Git BASH](https://git-for-windows.github.io/)
- [MobaXterm](http://mobaxterm.mobatek.net/)
- On Android, [JuiceSSH](https://juicessh.com/)
([Play Store](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.sonelli.juicessh))
works pretty well
- Nice-to-have: [Mosh](https://mosh.org/) instead of SSH, if your internet connection tends to lose packets
---
class: in-person, extra-details
## What is this Mosh thing?
*You don't have to use Mosh or even know about it to follow along.
<br/>
We're just telling you about it because some of us think it's cool!*
- Mosh is "the mobile shell"
- It is essentially SSH over UDP, with roaming features
- It retransmits packets quickly, so it works great even on lossy connections
(Like hotel or conference WiFi)
- It has intelligent local echo, so it works great even in high-latency connections
(Like hotel or conference WiFi)
- It supports transparent roaming when your client IP address changes
(Like when you hop from hotel to conference WiFi)
---
class: in-person, extra-details
## Using Mosh
- To install it: `(apt|yum|brew) install mosh`
- It has been pre-installed on the VMs that we are using
- To connect to a remote machine: `mosh user@host`
(It is going to establish an SSH connection, then hand off to UDP)
- It requires UDP ports to be open
(By default, it uses a UDP port between 60000 and 61000)
---
class: in-person
## Connecting to our lab environment
.exercise[
- Log into the first VM (`node1`) with your SSH client
<!--
```bash
for N in $(awk '/\Wnode/{print $2}' /etc/hosts); do
ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no $N true
done
```
```bash
if which kubectl; then
kubectl get all -o name | grep -v service/kubernetes | xargs -rn1 kubectl delete
fi
```
-->
- Check that you can SSH (without password) to `node2`:
```bash
ssh node2
```
- Type `exit` or `^D` to come back to `node1`
<!-- ```bash exit``` -->
]
If anything goes wrong — ask for help!
---
## Doing or re-doing the workshop on your own?
- Use something like
[Play-With-Docker](http://play-with-docker.com/) or
[Play-With-Kubernetes](https://medium.com/@marcosnils/introducing-pwk-play-with-k8s-159fcfeb787b)
Zero setup effort; but environment are short-lived and
might have limited resources
- Create your own cluster (local or cloud VMs)
Small setup effort; small cost; flexible environments
- Create a bunch of clusters for you and your friends
([instructions](https://@@GITREPO@@/tree/master/prepare-vms))
Bigger setup effort; ideal for group training
---
class: self-paced
## Get your own Docker nodes
- If you already have some Docker nodes: great!
- If not: let's get some thanks to Play-With-Docker
.exercise[
- Go to http://www.play-with-docker.com/
- Log in
- Create your first node
<!-- ```open http://www.play-with-docker.com/``` -->
]
You will need a Docker ID to use Play-With-Docker.
(Creating a Docker ID is free.)
---
## We will (mostly) interact with node1 only
*These remarks apply only when using multiple nodes, of course.*
- Unless instructed, **all commands must be run from the first VM, `node1`**
- We will only checkout/copy the code on `node1`
- During normal operations, we do not need access to the other nodes
- If we had to troubleshoot issues, we would use a combination of:
- SSH (to access system logs, daemon status...)
- Docker API (to check running containers and container engine status)
---
## Terminals
Once in a while, the instructions will say:
<br/>"Open a new terminal."
There are multiple ways to do this:
- create a new window or tab on your machine, and SSH into the VM;
- use screen or tmux on the VM and open a new window from there.
You are welcome to use the method that you feel the most comfortable with.
---
## Tmux cheatsheet
[Tmux](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tmux) is a terminal multiplexer like `screen`.
*You don't have to use it or even know about it to follow along.
<br/>
But some of us like to use it to switch between terminals.
<br/>
It has been preinstalled on your workshop nodes.*
- Ctrl-b c → creates a new window
- Ctrl-b n → go to next window
- Ctrl-b p → go to previous window
- Ctrl-b " → split window top/bottom
- Ctrl-b % → split window left/right
- Ctrl-b Alt-1 → rearrange windows in columns
- Ctrl-b Alt-2 → rearrange windows in rows
- Ctrl-b arrows → navigate to other windows
- Ctrl-b d → detach session
- tmux attach → reattach to session

View File

@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
## Using Play-With-Docker
- Open a new browser tab to [www.play-with-docker.com](http://www.play-with-docker.com/)
- Confirm that you're not a robot
- Click on "ADD NEW INSTANCE": congratulations, you have your first Docker node!
- When you will need more nodes, just click on "ADD NEW INSTANCE" again
- Note the countdown in the corner; when it expires, your instances are destroyed
- If you give your URL to somebody else, they can access your nodes too
<br/>
(You can use that for pair programming, or to get help from a mentor)
- Loving it? Not loving it? Tell it to the wonderful authors,
[@marcosnils](https://twitter.com/marcosnils) &
[@xetorthio](https://twitter.com/xetorthio)!

View File

@@ -1,71 +1,16 @@
# Our sample application
- We will clone the GitHub repository onto our `node1`
- The repository also contains scripts and tools that we will use through the workshop
.exercise[
<!--
```bash
if [ -d container.training ]; then
mv container.training container.training.$$
fi
```
-->
- Clone the repository on `node1`:
```bash
git clone git://@@GITREPO@@
```
]
(You can also fork the repository on GitHub and clone your fork if you prefer that.)
---
## Downloading and running the application
Let's start this before we look around, as downloading will take a little time...
.exercise[
- Go to the `dockercoins` directory, in the cloned repo:
```bash
cd ~/container.training/dockercoins
```
- Use Compose to build and run all containers:
```bash
docker-compose up
```
<!--
```longwait units of work done```
-->
]
Compose tells Docker to build all container images (pulling
the corresponding base images), then starts all containers,
and displays aggregated logs.
---
## More detail on our sample application
- Visit the GitHub repository with all the materials of this workshop:
<br/>https://@@GITREPO@@
<br/>https://github.com/jpetazzo/orchestration-workshop
- The application is in the [dockercoins](
https://@@GITREPO@@/tree/master/dockercoins)
https://github.com/jpetazzo/orchestration-workshop/tree/master/dockercoins)
subdirectory
- Let's look at the general layout of the source code:
there is a Compose file [docker-compose.yml](
https://@@GITREPO@@/blob/master/dockercoins/docker-compose.yml) ...
https://github.com/jpetazzo/orchestration-workshop/blob/master/dockercoins/docker-compose.yml) ...
... and 4 other services, each in its own directory:
@@ -94,43 +39,6 @@ class: extra-details
---
## Service discovery in container-land
- We do not hard-code IP addresses in the code
- We do not hard-code FQDN in the code, either
- We just connect to a service name, and container-magic does the rest
(And by container-magic, we mean "a crafty, dynamic, embedded DNS server")
---
## Example in `worker/worker.py`
```python
redis = Redis("`redis`")
def get_random_bytes():
r = requests.get("http://`rng`/32")
return r.content
def hash_bytes(data):
r = requests.post("http://`hasher`/",
data=data,
headers={"Content-Type": "application/octet-stream"})
```
(Full source code available [here](
https://@@GITREPO@@/blob/8279a3bce9398f7c1a53bdd95187c53eda4e6435/dockercoins/worker/worker.py#L17
))
---
class: extra-details
## Links, naming, and service discovery
- Containers can have network aliases (resolvable through DNS)
@@ -139,21 +47,37 @@ class: extra-details
- Compose file version 1 did require "links" sections
- Our code can connect to services using their short name
(instead of e.g. IP address or FQDN)
- Network aliases are automatically namespaced
- you can have multiple apps declaring and using a service named `database`
(i.e. you can have multiple apps declaring and using a service named `database`)
- containers in the blue app will resolve `database` to the IP of the blue database
---
- containers in the green app will resolve `database` to the IP of the green database
## Example in `worker/worker.py`
![Service discovery](images/service-discovery.png)
---
## What's this application?
--
---
- It is a DockerCoin miner! .emoji[💰🐳📦🚢]
class: pic
![DockerCoins logo](images/dockercoins.png)
(DockerCoins 2016 logo courtesy of [@XtlCnslt](https://twitter.com/xtlcnslt) and [@ndeloof](https://twitter.com/ndeloof). Thanks!)
---
## What's this application?
- It is a DockerCoin miner! 💰🐳📦🚢
--
@@ -175,22 +99,156 @@ class: extra-details
---
## Our application at work
## Getting the application source code
- On the left-hand side, the "rainbow strip" shows the container names
- We will clone the GitHub repository
- On the right-hand side, we see the output of our containers
- The repository also contains scripts and tools that we will use through the workshop
.exercise[
<!--
```bash
if [ -d orchestration-workshop ]; then
mv orchestration-workshop orchestration-workshop.$$
fi
```
-->
- Clone the repository on `node1`:
```bash
git clone git://github.com/jpetazzo/orchestration-workshop
```
]
(You can also fork the repository on GitHub and clone your fork if you prefer that.)
---
# Running the application
Without further ado, let's start our application.
.exercise[
- Go to the `dockercoins` directory, in the cloned repo:
```bash
cd ~/orchestration-workshop/dockercoins
```
- Use Compose to build and run all containers:
```bash
docker-compose up
```
<!--
```wait units of work done```
```keys ^C```
-->
]
Compose tells Docker to build all container images (pulling
the corresponding base images), then starts all containers,
and displays aggregated logs.
---
## Lots of logs
- The application continuously generates logs
- We can see the `worker` service making requests to `rng` and `hasher`
- For `rng` and `hasher`, we see HTTP access logs
- Let's put that in the background
.exercise[
- Stop the application by hitting `^C`
]
- `^C` stops all containers by sending them the `TERM` signal
- Some containers exit immediately, others take longer
<br/>(because they don't handle `SIGTERM` and end up being killed after a 10s timeout)
---
## Restarting in the background
- Many flags and commands of Compose are modeled after those of `docker`
.exercise[
- Start the app in the background with the `-d` option:
```bash
docker-compose up -d
```
- Check that our app is running with the `ps` command:
```bash
docker-compose ps
```
]
`docker-compose ps` also shows the ports exposed by the application.
---
class: extra-details
## Viewing logs
- The `docker-compose logs` command works like `docker logs`
.exercise[
- View all logs since container creation and exit when done:
```bash
docker-compose logs
```
- Stream container logs, starting at the last 10 lines for each container:
```bash
docker-compose logs --tail 10 --follow
```
<!--
```wait units of work done```
```keys ^C```
-->
]
Tip: use `^S` and `^Q` to pause/resume log output.
---
class: extra-details
## Upgrading from Compose 1.6
.warning[The `logs` command has changed between Compose 1.6 and 1.7!]
- Up to 1.6
- `docker-compose logs` is the equivalent of `logs --follow`
- `docker-compose logs` must be restarted if containers are added
- Since 1.7
- `--follow` must be specified explicitly
- new containers are automatically picked up by `docker-compose logs`
---
## Connecting to the web UI
- "Logs are exciting and fun!" (No-one, ever)
- The `webui` container exposes a web dashboard; let's view it
.exercise[
@@ -205,31 +263,11 @@ class: extra-details
]
A drawing area should show up, and after a few seconds, a blue
graph will appear.
You should see a speed of approximately 4 hashes/second.
---
class: self-paced, extra-details
## If the graph doesn't load
If you just see a `Page not found` error, it might be because your
Docker Engine is running on a different machine. This can be the case if:
- you are using the Docker Toolbox
- you are using a VM (local or remote) created with Docker Machine
- you are controlling a remote Docker Engine
When you run DockerCoins in development mode, the web UI static files
are mapped to the container using a volume. Alas, volumes can only
work on a local environment, or when using Docker4Mac or Docker4Windows.
How to fix this?
Stop the app with `^C`, edit `dockercoins.yml`, comment out the `volumes` section, and try again.
More precisely: 4 hashes/second, with regular dips down to zero.
<br/>This is because Jérôme is incapable of writing good frontend code.
<br/>Don't ask. Seriously, don't ask. This is embarrassing.
---
@@ -237,67 +275,203 @@ class: extra-details
## Why does the speed seem irregular?
- It *looks like* the speed is approximately 4 hashes/second
- Or more precisely: 4 hashes/second, with regular dips down to zero
- Why?
--
class: extra-details
- The app actually has a constant, steady speed: 3.33 hashes/second
<br/>
(which corresponds to 1 hash every 0.3 seconds, for *reasons*)
- Yes, and?
---
class: extra-details
## The reason why this graph is *not awesome*
- The worker doesn't update the counter after every loop, but up to once per second
- The speed is computed by the browser, checking the counter about once per second
- Between two consecutive updates, the counter will increase either by 4, or by 0
- The perceived speed will therefore be 4 - 4 - 4 - 0 - 4 - 4 - 0 etc.
- The perceived speed will therefore be 4 - 4 - 4 - 0 - 4 - 4 - etc.
- What can we conclude from this?
--
class: extra-details
- "I'm clearly incapable of writing good frontend code!" 😀 — Jérôme
*We told you to not ask!!!*
---
## Stopping the application
## Scaling up the application
- If we interrupt Compose (with `^C`), it will politely ask the Docker Engine to stop the app
- Our goal is to make that performance graph go up (without changing a line of code!)
- The Docker Engine will send a `TERM` signal to the containers
--
- If the containers do not exit in a timely manner, the Engine sends a `KILL` signal
- Before trying to scale the application, we'll figure out if we need more resources
(CPU, RAM...)
- For that, we will use good old UNIX tools on our Docker node
---
## Looking at resource usage
- Let's look at CPU, memory, and I/O usage
.exercise[
- Stop the application by hitting `^C`
- run `top` to see CPU and memory usage (you should see idle cycles)
<!--
```bash top```
```wait Tasks```
```keys ^C```
-->
- run `vmstat 1` to see I/O usage (si/so/bi/bo)
<br/>(the 4 numbers should be almost zero, except `bo` for logging)
<!--
```bash vmstat 1```
```wait memory```
```keys ^C```
-->
]
We have available resources.
- Why?
- How can we use them?
---
## Scaling workers on a single node
- Docker Compose supports scaling
- Let's scale `worker` and see what happens!
.exercise[
- Start one more `worker` container:
```bash
docker-compose scale worker=2
```
- Look at the performance graph (it should show a x2 improvement)
- Look at the aggregated logs of our containers (`worker_2` should show up)
- Look at the impact on CPU load with e.g. top (it should be negligible)
]
---
## Adding more workers
- Great, let's add more workers and call it a day, then!
.exercise[
- Start eight more `worker` containers:
```bash
docker-compose scale worker=10
```
- Look at the performance graph: does it show a x10 improvement?
- Look at the aggregated logs of our containers
- Look at the impact on CPU load and memory usage
]
---
# Identifying bottlenecks
- You should have seen a 3x speed bump (not 10x)
- Adding workers didn't result in linear improvement
- *Something else* is slowing us down
--
Some containers exit immediately, others take longer.
- ... But what?
The containers that do not handle `SIGTERM` end up being killed after a 10s timeout. If we are very impatient, we can hit `^C` a second time!
--
- The code doesn't have instrumentation
- Let's use state-of-the-art HTTP performance analysis!
<br/>(i.e. good old tools like `ab`, `httping`...)
---
## Accessing internal services
- `rng` and `hasher` are exposed on ports 8001 and 8002
- This is declared in the Compose file:
```yaml
...
rng:
build: rng
ports:
- "8001:80"
hasher:
build: hasher
ports:
- "8002:80"
...
```
---
## Measuring latency under load
We will use `httping`.
.exercise[
- Check the latency of `rng`:
```bash
httping -c 10 localhost:8001
```
- Check the latency of `hasher`:
```bash
httping -c 10 localhost:8002
```
]
`rng` has a much higher latency than `hasher`.
---
## Let's draw hasty conclusions
- The bottleneck seems to be `rng`
- *What if* we don't have enough entropy and can't generate enough random numbers?
- We need to scale out the `rng` service on multiple machines!
Note: this is a fiction! We have enough entropy. But we need a pretext to scale out.
(In fact, the code of `rng` uses `/dev/urandom`, which never runs out of entropy...
<br/>
...and is [just as good as `/dev/random`](http://www.slideshare.net/PacSecJP/filippo-plain-simple-reality-of-entropy).)
---
## Clean up
- Before moving on, let's remove those containers
.exercise[
- Tell Compose to remove everything:
```bash
docker-compose down
```
]

View File

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
class: title, self-paced
Thank you!
---
class: title, in-person
That's all, folks! <br/> Questions?
![end](images/end.jpg)

View File

@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
class: title, self-paced
@@TITLE@@
.nav[*Self-paced version*]
---
class: title, in-person
@@TITLE@@<br/></br>
.footnote[
**Be kind to the WiFi!**<br/>
<!-- *Use the 5G network.* -->
*Don't use your hotspot.*<br/>
*Don't stream videos or download big files during the workshop.*<br/>
*Thank you!*
**Slides: @@SLIDES@@**
]

View File

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
@@TOC@@

View File

@@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
import re
import sys
PREFIX = "name: toc-"
EXCLUDED = ["in-person"]
class State(object):
def __init__(self):
self.current_slide = 1
self.section_title = None
self.section_start = 0
self.section_slides = 0
self.chapters = {}
self.sections = {}
def show(self):
if self.section_title.startswith("chapter-"):
return
print("{0.section_title}\t{0.section_start}\t{0.section_slides}".format(self))
self.sections[self.section_title] = self.section_slides
state = State()
title = None
for line in open(sys.argv[1]):
line = line.rstrip()
if line.startswith(PREFIX):
if state.section_title is None:
print("{}\t{}\t{}".format("title", "index", "size"))
else:
state.show()
state.section_title = line[len(PREFIX):].strip()
state.section_start = state.current_slide
state.section_slides = 0
if line == "---":
state.current_slide += 1
state.section_slides += 1
if line == "--":
state.current_slide += 1
toc_links = re.findall("\(#toc-(.*)\)", line)
if toc_links and state.section_title.startswith("chapter-"):
if state.section_title not in state.chapters:
state.chapters[state.section_title] = []
state.chapters[state.section_title].append(toc_links[0])
# This is really hackish
if line.startswith("class:"):
for klass in EXCLUDED:
if klass in line:
state.section_slides -= 1
state.current_slide -= 1
state.show()
for chapter in sorted(state.chapters):
chapter_size = sum(state.sections[s] for s in state.chapters[chapter])
print("{}\t{}\t{}".format("total size for", chapter, chapter_size))

182
slides/dockercon.yml Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
chat: "[Slack](https://dockercommunity.slack.com/messages/C7ET1GY4Q)"
exclude:
- self-paced
- snap
- auto-btp
- benchmarking
- elk-manual
- prom-manual
title: "Swarm: from Zero to Hero (DC17EU)"
chapters:
- |
class: title
.small[
Swarm: from Zero to Hero
.small[.small[
**Be kind to the WiFi!**
*Use the 5G network*
<br/>
*Don't use your hotspot*
<br/>
*Don't stream videos from YouTube, Netflix, etc.
<br/>(if you're bored, watch local content instead)*
Also: share the power outlets
<br/>
*(with limited power comes limited responsibility?)*
<br/>
*(or something?)*
Thank you!
]
]
]
---
## Intros
<!--
- Hello! We are
AJ ([@s0ulshake](https://twitter.com/s0ulshake))
&
Jérôme ([@jpetazzo](https://twitter.com/jpetazzo))
-->
- Hello! We are Jérôme, Lee, Nicholas, and Scott
<!--
I am
Jérôme ([@jpetazzo](https://twitter.com/jpetazzo))
-->
--
- This is our collective Docker knowledge:
![Bell Curve](images/bell-curve.jpg)
---
## "From zero to hero"
--
- It rhymes, but it's a pretty bad title, to be honest
--
- None of you is a "zero"
--
- None of us is a "hero"
--
- None of us should even try to be a hero
--
*The hero syndrome is a phenomenon affecting people who seek heroism or recognition,
usually by creating a desperate situation which they can resolve.
This can include unlawful acts, such as arson.
The phenomenon has been noted to affect civil servants,
such as firefighters, nurses, police officers, and security guards.*
(Wikipedia page on [hero syndrome](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hero_syndrome))
---
## Agenda
.small[
- 09:00-09:10 Hello!
- 09:10-10:30 Part 1
- 10:30-11:00 coffee break
- 11:00-12:30 Part 2
- 12:30-13:30 lunch break
- 13:30-15:00 Part 3
- 15:00-15:30 coffee break
- 15:30-17:00 Part 4
- 17:00-18:00 Afterhours and Q&A
]
<!--
- The tutorial will run from 9:00am to 12:20pm
- This will be fast-paced, but DON'T PANIC!
- There will be a coffee break at 10:30am
<br/>
(please remind me if I forget about it!)
-->
- All the content is publicly available (slides, code samples, scripts)
Upstream URL: https://github.com/jpetazzo/orchestration-workshop
- Feel free to interrupt for questions at any time
- Live feedback, questions, help on [Gitter](chat)
http://container.training/chat
- swarm/intro.md
- |
@@TOC@@
- - swarm/prereqs.md
- swarm/versions.md
- |
class: title
All right!
<br/>
We're all set.
<br/>
Let's do this.
- common/sampleapp.md
- swarm/swarmkit.md
- swarm/creatingswarm.md
- swarm/morenodes.md
- - swarm/firstservice.md
- swarm/ourapponswarm.md
- swarm/updatingservices.md
- swarm/healthchecks.md
- - swarm/operatingswarm.md
- swarm/netshoot.md
- swarm/ipsec.md
- swarm/swarmtools.md
- swarm/security.md
- swarm/secrets.md
- swarm/encryptionatrest.md
- swarm/leastprivilege.md
- swarm/apiscope.md
- - swarm/logging.md
- swarm/metrics.md
- swarm/stateful.md
- swarm/extratips.md
- swarm/end.md
- |
class: title
That's all folks! <br/> Questions?
.small[.small[
Jérôme ([@jpetazzo](https://twitter.com/jpetazzo)) — [@docker](https://twitter.com/docker)
]]
<!--
Tiffany ([@tiffanyfayj](https://twitter.com/tiffanyfayj))
AJ ([@s0ulshake](https://twitter.com/s0ulshake))
-->

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grep --color=auto -P -n "[^\x00-\x80]" */*.md

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!-- Generator: Adobe Illustrator 18.0.0, SVG Export Plug-In . SVG Version: 6.00 Build 0) -->
<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/1.1/DTD/svg11.dtd">
<svg version="1.1" id="Layer_1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px"
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