diff --git a/.github/workflows/apiserver-test.yaml b/.github/workflows/apiserver-test.yaml
index 3f8a63d8a..426e32b5e 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/apiserver-test.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/apiserver-test.yaml
@@ -19,9 +19,8 @@ env:
   # Common versions
   GO_VERSION: '1.17'
   GOLANGCI_VERSION: 'v1.38'
-  KIND_VERSION: 'v0.7.0'
-  KIND_IMAGE_VERSION: '[\"v1.20.7\"]'
-  KIND_IMAGE_VERSIONS: '[\"v1.18.20\",\"v1.20.7\",\"v1.22.7\"]'
+  K3D_IMAGE_VERSION: '[\"v1.20\"]'
+  K3D_IMAGE_VERSIONS: '[\"v1.20\",\"v1.22\"]'
 
 jobs:
 
@@ -48,9 +47,9 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           if [[ "${{ github.ref }}" == refs/tags/v* ]]; then
             echo "pushing tag: ${{ github.ref_name }}"
-            echo "::set-output name=matrix::${{ env.KIND_IMAGE_VERSIONS }}"
+            echo "::set-output name=matrix::${{ env.K3D_IMAGE_VERSIONS }}"
           else
-            echo "::set-output name=matrix::${{ env.KIND_IMAGE_VERSION }}"
+            echo "::set-output name=matrix::${{ env.K3D_IMAGE_VERSION }}"
           fi
 
   apiserver-unit-tests:
@@ -128,35 +127,39 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           go get -v -t -d ./...
 
-      - name: Setup Kind
-        uses: engineerd/setup-kind@v0.5.0
+      - name: Tear down K3d if exist
+        run: |
+          k3d cluster delete || true
+          k3d cluster delete worker || true
+
+      - name: Setup K3d (Hub)
+        uses: nolar/setup-k3d-k3s@v1.0.8
         with:
-          version: ${{ env.KIND_VERSION }}
-          skipClusterCreation: true
+          version: ${{ matrix.k8s-version }}
+          github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
 
-      - name: Setup Kind Cluster (Worker)
+      - name: Setup K3d (Worker)
+        uses: nolar/setup-k3d-k3s@v1.0.8
+        with:
+          version: ${{ matrix.k8s-version }}
+          github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          k3d-name: worker
+          k3d-args: --kubeconfig-update-default=false --network=k3d-k3s-default
+
+      - name: Kind Cluster (Worker)
         run: |
-          kind delete cluster --name worker
-          kind create cluster --image kindest/node:${{ matrix.k8s-version }} --name worker
-          kubectl version
-          kubectl cluster-info
-          kind get kubeconfig --name worker --internal > /tmp/worker.kubeconfig
-          kind get kubeconfig --name worker > /tmp/worker.client.kubeconfig
+          internal_ip=$(docker network inspect k3d-k3s-default|jq ".[0].Containers"| jq -r '.[]| select(.Name=="k3d-worker-server-0")|.IPv4Address' | cut -d/ -f1)
+          k3d kubeconfig get worker > /tmp/worker.client.kubeconfig
+          cp /tmp/worker.client.kubeconfig /tmp/worker.kubeconfig
+          sed -i "s/0.0.0.0:[0-9]\+/$internal_ip:6443/"  /tmp/worker.kubeconfig
 
-      - name: Setup Kind Cluster (Hub)
-        run: |
-          kind delete cluster
-          kind create cluster --image kindest/node:${{ matrix.k8s-version }}
-          kubectl version
-          kubectl cluster-info
-
-      - name: Load Image to kind cluster
-        run: make kind-load
+      - name: Load image to k3d cluster
+        run: make image-load
 
       - name: Cleanup for e2e tests
         run: |
-          make e2e-cleanup
           make vela-cli
+          make e2e-cleanup
           make e2e-setup-core
           bin/vela addon enable fluxcd
           timeout 600s bash -c -- 'while true; do kubectl get ns flux-system; if [ $? -eq 0 ] ; then break; else sleep 5; fi;done'
diff --git a/.github/workflows/e2e-multicluster-test.yml b/.github/workflows/e2e-multicluster-test.yml
index d5ef20438..974c55569 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/e2e-multicluster-test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/e2e-multicluster-test.yml
@@ -17,9 +17,8 @@ env:
   # Common versions
   GO_VERSION: '1.17'
   GOLANGCI_VERSION: 'v1.38'
-  KIND_VERSION: 'v0.7.0'
-  KIND_IMAGE_VERSION: '[\"v1.20.7\"]'
-  KIND_IMAGE_VERSIONS: '[\"v1.18.20\",\"v1.20.7\",\"v1.22.7\"]'
+  K3D_IMAGE_VERSION: '[\"v1.20\"]'
+  K3D_IMAGE_VERSIONS: '[\"v1.20\",\"v1.22\"]'
 
 jobs:
 
@@ -46,9 +45,9 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           if [[ "${{ github.ref }}" == refs/tags/v* ]]; then
             echo "pushing tag: ${{ github.ref_name }}"
-            echo "::set-output name=matrix::${{ env.KIND_IMAGE_VERSIONS }}"
+            echo "::set-output name=matrix::${{ env.K3D_IMAGE_VERSIONS }}"
           else
-            echo "::set-output name=matrix::${{ env.KIND_IMAGE_VERSION }}"
+            echo "::set-output name=matrix::${{ env.K3D_IMAGE_VERSION }}"
           fi
 
 
@@ -74,37 +73,40 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           go get -v -t -d ./...
 
-      - name: Setup Kind
-        uses: engineerd/setup-kind@v0.5.0
+      - name: Tear down K3d if exist
+        run: |
+          k3d cluster delete || true
+          k3d cluster delete worker || true
+
+      - name: Setup K3d (Hub)
+        uses: nolar/setup-k3d-k3s@v1.0.8
         with:
-          version: ${{ env.KIND_VERSION }}
-          skipClusterCreation: true
+          version: ${{ matrix.k8s-version }}
+          github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
 
-      - name: Setup Kind Cluster (Worker)
+      - name: Setup K3d (Worker)
+        uses: nolar/setup-k3d-k3s@v1.0.8
+        with:
+          version: ${{ matrix.k8s-version }}
+          github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          k3d-name: worker
+          k3d-args: --kubeconfig-update-default=false --network=k3d-k3s-default
+
+      - name: Generating internal worker kubeconfig
         run: |
-          kind delete cluster --name worker
-          kind create cluster --image kindest/node:${{ matrix.k8s-version }} --name worker
-          kubectl version
-          kubectl cluster-info
-          kind get kubeconfig --name worker --internal > /tmp/worker.kubeconfig
-          kind get kubeconfig --name worker > /tmp/worker.client.kubeconfig
+          internal_ip=$(docker network inspect k3d-k3s-default|jq ".[0].Containers"| jq -r '.[]| select(.Name=="k3d-worker-server-0")|.IPv4Address' | cut -d/ -f1)
+          k3d kubeconfig get worker > /tmp/worker.client.kubeconfig
+          cp /tmp/worker.client.kubeconfig /tmp/worker.kubeconfig
+          sed -i "s/0.0.0.0:[0-9]\+/$internal_ip:6443/"  /tmp/worker.kubeconfig
 
-      - name: Setup Kind Cluster (Hub)
-        run: |
-          kind delete cluster
-          kind create cluster --image kindest/node:${{ matrix.k8s-version }}
-          kubectl version
-          kubectl cluster-info
-
-      - name: Load Image to kind cluster (Hub)
-        run: make kind-load
+      - name: Load image to k3d cluster (hub and worker)
+        run: make image-load image-load-runtime-cluster
 
       - name: Cleanup for e2e tests
         run: |
-          make e2e-cleanup
           make vela-cli
+          make e2e-cleanup
           make e2e-setup-core-auth
-          make
           make setup-runtime-e2e-cluster
 
       - name: Run e2e multicluster tests
diff --git a/.github/workflows/e2e-rollout-test.yml b/.github/workflows/e2e-rollout-test.yml
index d27dc4e3f..b688fbdec 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/e2e-rollout-test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/e2e-rollout-test.yml
@@ -17,9 +17,8 @@ env:
   # Common versions
   GO_VERSION: '1.17'
   GOLANGCI_VERSION: 'v1.38'
-  KIND_VERSION: 'v0.7.0'
-  KIND_IMAGE_VERSION: '[\"v1.20.7\"]'
-  KIND_IMAGE_VERSIONS: '[\"v1.18.20\",\"v1.20.7\",\"v1.22.7\"]'
+  K3D_IMAGE_VERSION: '[\"v1.20\"]'
+  K3D_IMAGE_VERSIONS: '[\"v1.20\",\"v1.22\"]'
 
 jobs:
 
@@ -46,9 +45,9 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           if [[ "${{ github.ref }}" == refs/tags/v* ]]; then
             echo "pushing tag: ${{ github.ref_name }}"
-            echo "::set-output name=matrix::${{ env.KIND_IMAGE_VERSIONS }}"
+            echo "::set-output name=matrix::${{ env.K3D_IMAGE_VERSIONS }}"
           else
-            echo "::set-output name=matrix::${{ env.KIND_IMAGE_VERSION }}"
+            echo "::set-output name=matrix::${{ env.K3D_IMAGE_VERSION }}"
           fi
 
   e2e-rollout-tests:
@@ -72,33 +71,26 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           go get -v -t -d ./...
 
-      - name: Setup Kind
-        uses: engineerd/setup-kind@v0.5.0
-        with:
-          version: ${{ env.KIND_VERSION }}
-          skipClusterCreation: true
-
-      - name: Setup Kind Cluster
+      - name: Tear down K3d if exist
         run: |
-          kind delete cluster
-          kind create cluster --image kindest/node:${{ matrix.k8s-version }}
-          kubectl version
-          kubectl cluster-info
+          k3d cluster delete || true
+          k3d cluster delete worker || true
 
-      - name: Load Image to kind cluster
-        run: make kind-load
+      - name: Setup K3d
+        uses: nolar/setup-k3d-k3s@v1.0.8
+        with:
+          version: ${{ matrix.k8s-version }}
+          github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
 
-      - name: Run Make
-        run: make
-
-      - name: Run Make Manager
-        run: make manager
+      - name: Load image to k3d cluster
+        run: make image-load image-load-runtime-cluster
 
       - name: Prepare for e2e tests
         run: |
+          make vela-cli
           make e2e-cleanup
-          make e2e-setup
-          helm lint ./charts/vela-core
+          make e2e-setup-core
+          make setup-runtime-e2e-cluster
           helm test -n vela-system kubevela --timeout 5m
 
       - name: Run e2e tests
diff --git a/.github/workflows/e2e-test.yml b/.github/workflows/e2e-test.yml
index 938413b27..75e945f9f 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/e2e-test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/e2e-test.yml
@@ -17,9 +17,8 @@ env:
   # Common versions
   GO_VERSION: '1.17'
   GOLANGCI_VERSION: 'v1.38'
-  KIND_VERSION: 'v0.7.0'
-  KIND_IMAGE_VERSION: '[\"v1.20.7\"]'
-  KIND_IMAGE_VERSIONS: '[\"v1.18.20\",\"v1.20.7\",\"v1.22.7\"]'
+  K3D_IMAGE_VERSION: '[\"v1.20\"]'
+  K3D_IMAGE_VERSIONS: '[\"v1.20\",\"v1.22\"]'
 
 jobs:
 
@@ -46,9 +45,9 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           if [[ "${{ github.ref }}" == refs/tags/v* ]]; then
             echo "pushing tag: ${{ github.ref_name }}"
-            echo "::set-output name=matrix::${{ env.KIND_IMAGE_VERSIONS }}"
+            echo "::set-output name=matrix::${{ env.K3D_IMAGE_VERSIONS }}"
           else
-            echo "::set-output name=matrix::${{ env.KIND_IMAGE_VERSION }}"
+            echo "::set-output name=matrix::${{ env.K3D_IMAGE_VERSION }}"
           fi
 
   e2e-tests:
@@ -72,33 +71,27 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           go get -v -t -d ./...
 
-      - name: Setup Kind
-        uses: engineerd/setup-kind@v0.5.0
-        with:
-          version: ${{ env.KIND_VERSION }}
-          skipClusterCreation: true
-
-      - name: Setup Kind Cluster
+      - name: Tear down K3d if exist
         run: |
-          kind delete cluster
-          kind create cluster --image kindest/node:${{ matrix.k8s-version }}
-          kubectl version
-          kubectl cluster-info
+          k3d cluster delete || true
+          k3d cluster delete worker || true
 
-      - name: Load Image to kind cluster
-        run: make kind-load
+      - name: Setup K3d
+        uses: nolar/setup-k3d-k3s@v1.0.8
+        with:
+          version: ${{ matrix.k8s-version }}
+          github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+
+      - name: Load image to k3d cluster
+        run: make image-load
 
       - name: Run Make
         run: make
 
-      - name: Run Make Manager
-        run: make manager
-
       - name: Prepare for e2e tests
         run: |
           make e2e-cleanup
-          make e2e-setup
-          helm lint ./charts/vela-core
+          make e2e-setup-core
           helm test -n vela-system kubevela --timeout 5m
 
       - name: Run api e2e tests
diff --git a/.github/workflows/go.yml b/.github/workflows/go.yml
index 5315c38d4..4b339d687 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/go.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/go.yml
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ env:
   # Common versions
   GO_VERSION: '1.17'
   GOLANGCI_VERSION: 'v1.38'
-  KIND_VERSION: 'v0.7.0'
 
 jobs:
 
diff --git a/.github/workflows/unit-test.yml b/.github/workflows/unit-test.yml
index d594bf6db..8f30bb60a 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/unit-test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/unit-test.yml
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ env:
   # Common versions
   GO_VERSION: '1.17'
   GOLANGCI_VERSION: 'v1.38'
-  KIND_VERSION: 'v0.7.0'
 
 jobs:
 
@@ -61,10 +60,11 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           sudo apt-get install -y golang-ginkgo-dev
 
-      - name: Setup Kind Cluster
-        uses: engineerd/setup-kind@v0.5.0
+      - name: Setup K3d
+        uses: nolar/setup-k3d-k3s@v1.0.8
         with:
-          version: ${{ env.KIND_VERSION }}
+          version: v1.20
+          github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
 
       - name: install Kubebuilder
         uses: RyanSiu1995/kubebuilder-action@v1.2
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 5366c44ca..78220024f 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -82,17 +82,17 @@ endif
 
 
 
-# load docker image to the kind cluster
-kind-load: kind-load-runtime-cluster
+# load docker image to the k3d cluster
+image-load:
 	docker build -t $(VELA_CORE_TEST_IMAGE) -f Dockerfile.e2e .
-	kind load docker-image $(VELA_CORE_TEST_IMAGE) || { echo >&2 "kind not installed or error loading image: $(VELA_CORE_TEST_IMAGE)"; exit 1; }
+	k3d image import $(VELA_CORE_TEST_IMAGE) || { echo >&2 "kind not installed or error loading image: $(VELA_CORE_TEST_IMAGE)"; exit 1; }
 
-kind-load-runtime-cluster:
+image-load-runtime-cluster:
 	/bin/sh hack/e2e/build_runtime_rollout.sh
 	docker build -t $(VELA_RUNTIME_ROLLOUT_TEST_IMAGE) -f runtime/rollout/e2e/Dockerfile.e2e runtime/rollout/e2e/
 	rm -rf runtime/rollout/e2e/tmp
-	kind load docker-image $(VELA_RUNTIME_ROLLOUT_TEST_IMAGE)  || { echo >&2 "kind not installed or error loading image: $(VELA_RUNTIME_ROLLOUT_TEST_IMAGE)"; exit 1; }
-	kind load docker-image $(VELA_RUNTIME_ROLLOUT_TEST_IMAGE) --name=$(RUNTIME_CLUSTER_NAME)  || { echo >&2 "kind not installed or error loading image: $(VELA_RUNTIME_ROLLOUT_TEST_IMAGE)"; exit 1; }
+	k3d image import $(VELA_RUNTIME_ROLLOUT_TEST_IMAGE)  || { echo >&2 "kind not installed or error loading image: $(VELA_RUNTIME_ROLLOUT_TEST_IMAGE)"; exit 1; }
+	k3d cluster get $(RUNTIME_CLUSTER_NAME) && k3d image import $(VELA_RUNTIME_ROLLOUT_TEST_IMAGE) --cluster=$(RUNTIME_CLUSTER_NAME) || echo "no worker cluster"
 
 # Run tests
 core-test: fmt vet manifests
diff --git a/charts/vela-core/templates/test/test-application.yaml b/charts/vela-core/templates/test/test-application.yaml
index ea98c4c03..5b3e80270 100644
--- a/charts/vela-core/templates/test/test-application.yaml
+++ b/charts/vela-core/templates/test/test-application.yaml
@@ -13,12 +13,6 @@ spec:
       properties:
         image: {{ .Values.imageRegistry }}{{ .Values.test.app.repository }}:{{ .Values.test.app.tag }}
         port: 8000
-      traits:
-        - type: ingress
-          properties:
-            domain: testsvc.example.com
-            http:
-              "/": 8000
 ---
 apiVersion: v1
 kind: Pod
@@ -52,13 +46,5 @@ spec:
           kubectl -n {{ include "systemDefinitionNamespace" . }} wait --for=condition=available deployments helm-test-express-server --timeout 3m
           echo "deployment being available"
 
-          # wait for ingress being created
-          while ! [ `kubectl -n {{ include "systemDefinitionNamespace" . }} get ing helm-test-express-server | grep -v NAME | wc -l` = 1 ]; do
-            echo "waiting for ingress being created"
-            sleep 1
-          done
-
-
-
           echo "Application and its components are created"
   restartPolicy: Never
diff --git a/e2e/application/application_test.go b/e2e/application/application_test.go
index 27a757559..c65a58432 100644
--- a/e2e/application/application_test.go
+++ b/e2e/application/application_test.go
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ var VelaQLPodListContext = func(context string, velaQL string) bool {
 					gomega.Expect(v.Status.Phase).To(gomega.ContainSubstring("Running"))
 				}
 				if v.Status.NodeName != "" {
-					gomega.Expect(v.Status.NodeName).To(gomega.ContainSubstring("kind-control-plane"))
+					gomega.Expect(v.Status.NodeName).To(gomega.ContainSubstring("k3d-k3s-default-server-0"))
 				}
 				if v.Metadata.Namespace != "" {
 					gomega.Expect(v.Metadata.Namespace).To(gomega.ContainSubstring("default"))
diff --git a/e2e/setup/setup_suite_test.go b/e2e/setup/setup_suite_test.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 855547b5a..000000000
--- a/e2e/setup/setup_suite_test.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-/*
-Copyright 2021 The KubeVela Authors.
-
-Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
-    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
-Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-limitations under the License.
-*/
-
-package e2e
-
-import (
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/oam-dev/kubevela/e2e"
-
-	"github.com/onsi/ginkgo"
-	"github.com/onsi/gomega"
-)
-
-var _ = ginkgo.BeforeSuite(func() {
-	e2e.BeforeSuit()
-}, 30)
-
-func TestApplication(t *testing.T) {
-	gomega.RegisterFailHandler(ginkgo.Fail)
-	ginkgo.RunSpecs(t, "Setup Suite")
-}
diff --git a/e2e/setup/setup_test.go b/e2e/setup/setup_test.go
deleted file mode 100644
index ab2e12540..000000000
--- a/e2e/setup/setup_test.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-/*
-Copyright 2021 The KubeVela Authors.
-
-Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
-    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
-Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-limitations under the License.
-*/
-
-package e2e
-
-import (
-	"github.com/onsi/ginkgo"
-)
-
-var _ = ginkgo.Describe("Setup", func() {
-
-})
diff --git a/hack/e2e/end_e2e.sh b/hack/e2e/end_e2e.sh
index 77126a1c4..1fa22a993 100644
--- a/hack/e2e/end_e2e.sh
+++ b/hack/e2e/end_e2e.sh
@@ -1,20 +1,20 @@
 . ./hack/e2e/end_e2e_core.sh
 
-OAM_CONTAINER_ID=$(docker exec kind-control-plane crictl ps | grep oam-runtime | grep --regexp  '^.............' -o)
-OAM_DOCKER_DIR=$(docker exec kind-control-plane crictl inspect --output go-template --template '{{range .info.runtimeSpec.mounts}}{{if (eq .destination "/workspace/data")}}{{.source}}{{end}}{{end}}' "${OAM_CONTAINER_ID}")
+OAM_CONTAINER_ID=$(docker exec k3d-k3s-default-server-0 crictl ps | grep oam-runtime | grep --regexp  '^.............' -o)
+OAM_DOCKER_DIR=$(docker exec k3d-k3s-default-server-0 crictl inspect --output go-template --template '{{range .info.runtimeSpec.mounts}}{{if (eq .destination "/workspace/data")}}{{.source}}{{end}}{{end}}' "${OAM_CONTAINER_ID}")
 echo "${OAM_CONTAINER_ID}"
 echo "${OAM_DOCKER_DIR}"
 
-docker exec kind-control-plane crictl exec "${OAM_CONTAINER_ID}" kill -2 1
+docker exec k3d-k3s-default-server-0 crictl exec "${OAM_CONTAINER_ID}" kill -2 1
 
 file=$OAM_DOCKER_DIR/e2e-profile.out
 echo "$file"
 n=1
 while [ $n -le 60 ];do
-    if_exist=$(docker exec kind-control-plane sh -c "test -f $file && echo 'ok'")
+    if_exist=$(docker exec k3d-k3s-default-server-0 sh -c "test -f $file && echo 'ok'")
     echo "$if_exist"
     if [ -n  "$if_exist" ];then
-        docker exec kind-control-plane cat "$file" > /tmp/oam-e2e-profile.out
+        docker exec k3d-k3s-default-server-0 cat "$file" > /tmp/oam-e2e-profile.out
         break
     fi
     echo file not generated yet
diff --git a/hack/e2e/end_e2e_core.sh b/hack/e2e/end_e2e_core.sh
index 3f7eed726..8918596fc 100644
--- a/hack/e2e/end_e2e_core.sh
+++ b/hack/e2e/end_e2e_core.sh
@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
-CONTAINER_ID=$(docker exec kind-control-plane crictl ps | grep 'kubevela\s' | grep --regexp  '^.............' -o)
-DOCKER_DIR=$(docker exec kind-control-plane crictl inspect --output go-template --template '{{range .info.runtimeSpec.mounts}}{{if (eq .destination "/workspace/data")}}{{.source}}{{end}}{{end}}' "${CONTAINER_ID}")
+CONTAINER_ID=$(docker exec k3d-k3s-default-server-0 crictl ps | grep 'kubevela\s' | grep --regexp  '^.............' -o)
+DOCKER_DIR=$(docker exec k3d-k3s-default-server-0 crictl inspect --output go-template --template '{{range .info.runtimeSpec.mounts}}{{if (eq .destination "/workspace/data")}}{{.source}}{{end}}{{end}}' "${CONTAINER_ID}")
 echo "${CONTAINER_ID}"
 echo "${DOCKER_DIR}"
 
-docker exec kind-control-plane crictl exec "${CONTAINER_ID}" kill -2 1
+docker exec k3d-k3s-default-server-0 crictl exec "${CONTAINER_ID}" kill -2 1
 
 file=$DOCKER_DIR/e2e-profile.out
 echo "$file"
 n=1
 while [ $n -le 60 ];do
-    if_exist=$(docker exec kind-control-plane sh -c "test -f $file && echo 'ok'")
+    if_exist=$(docker exec k3d-k3s-default-server-0 sh -c "test -f $file && echo 'ok'")
     echo "$if_exist"
     if [ -n  "$if_exist" ];then
-        docker exec kind-control-plane cat "$file" > /tmp/e2e-profile.out
+        docker exec k3d-k3s-default-server-0 cat "$file" > /tmp/e2e-profile.out
         break
     fi
     echo file not generated yet
diff --git a/hack/pressure-test/tolerate-hollow-node.cue b/hack/pressure-test/tolerate-hollow-node.cue
index 0d9155719..25fb8155c 100644
--- a/hack/pressure-test/tolerate-hollow-node.cue
+++ b/hack/pressure-test/tolerate-hollow-node.cue
@@ -9,9 +9,9 @@
 template: {
 	patch: spec: template: spec: {
 		tolerations: [{
-			key: "node.kubernetes.io/network-unavailable"
+			key:      "node.kubernetes.io/network-unavailable"
 			operator: "Exists"
-			effect: "NoSchedule"
+			effect:   "NoSchedule"
 		}]
 	}
 	parameter: {}
diff --git a/makefiles/e2e.mk b/makefiles/e2e.mk
index dda4ef40a..fa7fc23ca 100644
--- a/makefiles/e2e.mk
+++ b/makefiles/e2e.mk
@@ -5,11 +5,18 @@ e2e-setup-core-pre-hook:
 .PHONY: e2e-setup-core-post-hook
 e2e-setup-core-post-hook:
 	kubectl wait --for=condition=Available deployment/kubevela-vela-core -n vela-system --timeout=180s
-	helm upgrade --install --namespace vela-system --wait oam-rollout --set image.repository=vela-runtime-rollout-test --set image.tag=$(GIT_COMMIT) ./runtime/rollout/charts
+	helm install kruise https://github.com/openkruise/charts/releases/download/kruise-1.1.0/kruise-1.1.0.tgz --set featureGates="PreDownloadImageForInPlaceUpdate=true" --set daemon.socketLocation=/run/k3s/containerd/
 	go run ./e2e/addon/mock &
 	sleep 15
 	bin/vela addon enable ./e2e/addon/mock/testdata/fluxcd
 	bin/vela addon enable ./e2e/addon/mock/testdata/rollout
+	bin/vela addon enable ./e2e/addon/mock/testdata/terraform
+	bin/vela addon enable ./e2e/addon/mock/testdata/terraform-alibaba ALICLOUD_ACCESS_KEY=xxx ALICLOUD_SECRET_KEY=yyy ALICLOUD_REGION=cn-beijing
+
+	timeout 600s bash -c -- 'while true; do kubectl get ns flux-system; if [ $$? -eq 0 ] ; then break; else sleep 5; fi;done'
+	kubectl wait --for=condition=Ready pod -l app.kubernetes.io/name=vela-core,app.kubernetes.io/instance=kubevela -n vela-system --timeout=600s
+	kubectl wait --for=condition=Ready pod -l app=source-controller -n flux-system --timeout=600s
+	kubectl wait --for=condition=Ready pod -l app=helm-controller -n flux-system --timeout=600s
 
 .PHONY: e2e-setup-core-wo-auth
 e2e-setup-core-wo-auth:
@@ -27,28 +34,26 @@ e2e-setup-core-auth: e2e-setup-core-pre-hook e2e-setup-core-w-auth e2e-setup-cor
 
 .PHONY: setup-runtime-e2e-cluster
 setup-runtime-e2e-cluster:
-	helm upgrade --install --create-namespace --namespace vela-system --kubeconfig=$(RUNTIME_CLUSTER_CONFIG) --set image.pullPolicy=IfNotPresent --set image.repository=vela-runtime-rollout-test --set image.tag=$(GIT_COMMIT) --wait vela-rollout ./runtime/rollout/charts
+	helm upgrade --install                               \
+	    --namespace vela-system                          \
+	    --wait oam-rollout                               \
+	    --set image.repository=vela-runtime-rollout-test \
+	    --set image.tag=$(GIT_COMMIT)                    \
+	    ./runtime/rollout/charts
 
-.PHONY: e2e-setup
-e2e-setup:
-	helm install kruise https://github.com/openkruise/charts/releases/download/kruise-1.1.0/kruise-1.1.0.tgz --set featureGates="PreDownloadImageForInPlaceUpdate=true"
-	sh ./hack/e2e/modify_charts.sh
-	helm upgrade --install --create-namespace --namespace vela-system --set image.pullPolicy=IfNotPresent --set image.repository=vela-core-test --set applicationRevisionLimit=5 --set dependCheckWait=10s --set image.tag=$(GIT_COMMIT) --wait kubevela ./charts/vela-core
-	helm upgrade --install --namespace vela-system --wait oam-rollout --set image.repository=vela-runtime-rollout-test --set image.tag=$(GIT_COMMIT) ./runtime/rollout/charts
+	k3d cluster get $(RUNTIME_CLUSTER_NAME) && 			 \
+	helm upgrade --install                               \
+	    --create-namespace                               \
+	    --namespace vela-system                          \
+	    --kubeconfig=$(RUNTIME_CLUSTER_CONFIG)           \
+	    --set image.pullPolicy=IfNotPresent              \
+	    --set image.repository=vela-runtime-rollout-test \
+	    --set image.tag=$(GIT_COMMIT)                    \
+	    --wait vela-rollout                              \
+	    ./runtime/rollout/charts ||						 \
+	echo "no worker cluster"					   		 \
 
-	go run ./e2e/addon/mock &
-	sleep 15
-	bin/vela addon enable ./e2e/addon/mock/testdata/fluxcd
-	bin/vela addon enable ./e2e/addon/mock/testdata/terraform
-	bin/vela addon enable ./e2e/addon/mock/testdata/terraform-alibaba ALICLOUD_ACCESS_KEY=xxx ALICLOUD_SECRET_KEY=yyy ALICLOUD_REGION=cn-beijing
-	bin/vela addon enable ./e2e/addon/mock/testdata/rollout
-	ginkgo version
-	ginkgo -v -r e2e/setup
 
-	timeout 600s bash -c -- 'while true; do kubectl get ns flux-system; if [ $$? -eq 0 ] ; then break; else sleep 5; fi;done'
-	kubectl wait --for=condition=Ready pod -l app.kubernetes.io/name=vela-core,app.kubernetes.io/instance=kubevela -n vela-system --timeout=600s
-	kubectl wait --for=condition=Ready pod -l app=source-controller -n flux-system --timeout=600s
-	kubectl wait --for=condition=Ready pod -l app=helm-controller -n flux-system --timeout=600s
 
 .PHONY: e2e-api-test
 e2e-api-test:
diff --git a/test/e2e-multicluster-test/suite_test.go b/test/e2e-multicluster-test/suite_test.go
index 2c5732041..2d3d5427b 100644
--- a/test/e2e-multicluster-test/suite_test.go
+++ b/test/e2e-multicluster-test/suite_test.go
@@ -23,11 +23,15 @@ import (
 
 	. "github.com/onsi/ginkgo"
 	. "github.com/onsi/gomega"
+	v1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
+	"k8s.io/utils/strings/slices"
 	"sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/client"
 	"sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/client/config"
 
 	"github.com/oam-dev/kubevela/apis/core.oam.dev/v1beta1"
+	"github.com/oam-dev/kubevela/apis/types"
 	"github.com/oam-dev/kubevela/pkg/multicluster"
+	oamutil "github.com/oam-dev/kubevela/pkg/oam/util"
 	"github.com/oam-dev/kubevela/pkg/utils/common"
 	"github.com/oam-dev/kubevela/pkg/utils/util"
 	"github.com/oam-dev/kubevela/references/cli"
@@ -73,12 +77,25 @@ var _ = BeforeSuite(func() {
 })
 
 var _ = AfterSuite(func() {
+	holdAddons := []string{"addon-terraform", "addon-fluxcd"}
 	Eventually(func(g Gomega) {
 		apps := &v1beta1.ApplicationList{}
 		g.Expect(k8sClient.List(context.Background(), apps)).Should(Succeed())
 		for _, app := range apps.Items {
+			if slices.Contains(holdAddons, app.Name) {
+				continue
+			}
 			g.Expect(k8sClient.Delete(context.Background(), app.DeepCopy())).Should(Succeed())
 		}
+	}, 3*time.Minute).Should(Succeed())
+	Eventually(func(g Gomega) {
+		// Delete terraform and fluxcd in order
+		app := &v1beta1.Application{}
+		apps := &v1beta1.ApplicationList{}
+		for _, addon := range holdAddons {
+			g.Expect(k8sClient.Delete(context.Background(), &v1beta1.Application{ObjectMeta: v1.ObjectMeta{Name: addon, Namespace: types.DefaultKubeVelaNS}})).Should(SatisfyAny(Succeed(), oamutil.NotFoundMatcher{}))
+			g.Expect(k8sClient.Get(context.Background(), client.ObjectKey{Name: addon, Namespace: types.DefaultKubeVelaNS}, app)).Should(SatisfyAny(Succeed(), oamutil.NotFoundMatcher{}))
+		}
 		err := k8sClient.List(context.Background(), apps)
 		g.Expect(err, nil)
 		g.Expect(len(apps.Items)).Should(Equal(0))
diff --git a/test/e2e-multicluster-test/testdata/app/app-bad-resource.yaml b/test/e2e-multicluster-test/testdata/app/app-bad-resource.yaml
index f630ffbd9..6f9be1360 100644
--- a/test/e2e-multicluster-test/testdata/app/app-bad-resource.yaml
+++ b/test/e2e-multicluster-test/testdata/app/app-bad-resource.yaml
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ spec:
     - name: bad-resource
       properties:
         objects:
-        - apiVersion: apiregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1
+        - apiVersion: apiregistration.k8s.io/v1
           kind: APIService
           metadata:
             name: test-bad-resource
diff --git a/test/e2e-test/health_scope_test.go b/test/e2e-test/health_scope_test.go
index f21962cc4..826b8c835 100644
--- a/test/e2e-test/health_scope_test.go
+++ b/test/e2e-test/health_scope_test.go
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ package controllers_test
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
@@ -27,6 +28,7 @@ import (
 
 	corev1 "k8s.io/api/core/v1"
 	metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
+	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime"
 	"sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/client"
 	logf "sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/log"
 
@@ -80,6 +82,7 @@ var _ = Describe("HealthScope", func() {
 		var healthyAppName, unhealthyAppName string
 		Expect(utilcommon.ReadYamlToObject("testdata/app/app_healthscope.yaml", &newApp)).Should(BeNil())
 		newApp.Namespace = namespace
+		convertToLegacyIngressTrait(&newApp)
 		Eventually(func() error {
 			return k8sClient.Create(ctx, newApp.DeepCopy())
 		}, 10*time.Second, 500*time.Millisecond).Should(Succeed())
@@ -101,6 +104,7 @@ var _ = Describe("HealthScope", func() {
 		newApp = v1beta1.Application{}
 		Expect(utilcommon.ReadYamlToObject("testdata/app/app_healthscope_unhealthy.yaml", &newApp)).Should(BeNil())
 		newApp.Namespace = namespace
+		convertToLegacyIngressTrait(&newApp)
 		Eventually(func() error {
 			return k8sClient.Create(ctx, newApp.DeepCopy())
 		}, 10*time.Second, 500*time.Millisecond).Should(Succeed())
@@ -154,9 +158,11 @@ var _ = Describe("HealthScope", func() {
 				return fmt.Errorf("expect healthy comp, but %v is unhealthy, msg: %q", compSts1.Name, compSts1.Message)
 			}
 			if len(compSts1.Traits) != 1 {
-				return fmt.Errorf("expect 2 traits statuses, but got %d", len(compSts1.Traits))
+				return fmt.Errorf("expect 1 trait statuses, but got %d", len(compSts1.Traits))
+			}
+			if !strings.Contains(compSts1.Traits[0].Message, "visit the cluster or load balancer in front of the cluster") {
+				return fmt.Errorf("trait message isn't right, now is %s", compSts1.Traits[0].Message)
 			}
-			Expect(compSts1.Traits[0].Message).Should(ContainSubstring("No loadBalancer found"))
 
 			return nil
 		}, time.Second*30, time.Millisecond*500).Should(Succeed())
@@ -205,3 +211,34 @@ var _ = Describe("HealthScope", func() {
 		}, time.Second*30, time.Millisecond*500).Should(Succeed())
 	})
 })
+
+// convertToLegacyIngressTrait convert app's gateway trait to ingress
+func convertToLegacyIngressTrait(app *v1beta1.Application) {
+	if noNetworkingV1 {
+		for i := range app.Spec.Components {
+			for j := range app.Spec.Components[i].Traits {
+				if app.Spec.Components[i].Traits[j].Type == "gateway" {
+					app.Spec.Components[i].Traits[j].Type = "ingress"
+				}
+				props := app.Spec.Components[i].Traits[j].Properties
+				propMap, err := util.RawExtension2Map(props)
+				if err != nil {
+					return
+				}
+				newPropMap := map[string]interface{}{}
+				for k := range propMap {
+					if k != "class" {
+						newPropMap[k] = propMap[k]
+					}
+				}
+				ext, err := json.Marshal(newPropMap)
+				if err != nil {
+					return
+				}
+				app.Spec.Components[i].Traits[j].Properties = &runtime.RawExtension{
+					Raw: ext,
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/test/e2e-test/suite_test.go b/test/e2e-test/suite_test.go
index 96d85e2e8..80f0f25ca 100644
--- a/test/e2e-test/suite_test.go
+++ b/test/e2e-test/suite_test.go
@@ -31,13 +31,17 @@ import (
 	. "github.com/onsi/gomega"
 
 	kruise "github.com/openkruise/kruise-api/apps/v1alpha1"
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	networkv1 "k8s.io/api/networking/v1"
 	rbac "k8s.io/api/rbac/v1"
 	crdv1 "k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/pkg/apis/apiextensions/v1"
+	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/api/meta"
 	metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1/unstructured"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime/schema"
 	clientgoscheme "k8s.io/client-go/kubernetes/scheme"
+	k8sutils "k8s.io/utils/pointer"
 	"sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/client"
 	"sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/client/config"
 	"sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/envtest/printer"
@@ -58,6 +62,10 @@ var manualscalertrait v1alpha2.TraitDefinition
 var roleName = "oam-example-com"
 var roleBindingName = "oam-role-binding"
 
+var (
+	noNetworkingV1 bool
+)
+
 // A DefinitionExtension is an Object type for xxxDefinitin.spec.extension
 type DefinitionExtension struct {
 	Alias string `json:"alias,omitempty"`
@@ -104,6 +112,8 @@ var _ = BeforeSuite(func(done Done) {
 	}
 	By("Finished setting up test environment")
 
+	detectAPIVersion()
+
 	// Create manual scaler trait definition
 	manualscalertrait = v1alpha2.TraitDefinition{
 		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
@@ -219,3 +229,20 @@ func RequestReconcileNow(ctx context.Context, o client.Object) {
 func randomNamespaceName(basic string) string {
 	return fmt.Sprintf("%s-%s", basic, strconv.FormatInt(rand.Int63(), 16))
 }
+
+// detectAPIVersion helps detect legacy GVK
+func detectAPIVersion() {
+	err := k8sClient.Create(context.Background(), &networkv1.Ingress{
+		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
+			Name: "test-ingress",
+		},
+		Spec: networkv1.IngressSpec{
+			IngressClassName: k8sutils.StringPtr("nginx"),
+			Rules:            []networkv1.IngressRule{},
+		},
+	})
+	var noKindMatchErr = &meta.NoKindMatchError{}
+	if err != nil && errors.As(err, &noKindMatchErr) {
+		noNetworkingV1 = true
+	}
+}
diff --git a/test/e2e-test/testdata/app/app_healthscope.yaml b/test/e2e-test/testdata/app/app_healthscope.yaml
index 8b1410eb1..971f94c4a 100644
--- a/test/e2e-test/testdata/app/app_healthscope.yaml
+++ b/test/e2e-test/testdata/app/app_healthscope.yaml
@@ -13,8 +13,9 @@ spec:
         image: oamdev/testapp:v1
         port: 8080
       traits:
-        - type: ingress
+        - type: gateway
           properties:
+            class: traefik
             domain: test.my.domain
             http:
               "/": 8080
@@ -27,8 +28,9 @@ spec:
         image: oamdev/testapp:v1
         port: 8080
       traits:
-        - type: ingress
+        - type: gateway
           properties:
+            class: traefik
             domain: test.my.domain
             http:
               "/": 8080
diff --git a/test/e2e-test/testdata/app/app_healthscope_unhealthy.yaml b/test/e2e-test/testdata/app/app_healthscope_unhealthy.yaml
index f2ab3efd1..5a6675088 100644
--- a/test/e2e-test/testdata/app/app_healthscope_unhealthy.yaml
+++ b/test/e2e-test/testdata/app/app_healthscope_unhealthy.yaml
@@ -21,8 +21,9 @@ spec:
         image: oamdev/testapp:v1
         port: 8080
       traits:
-        - type: ingress
+        - type: gateway
           properties:
+            class: traefik
             domain: test.my.domain
             http:
               "/": 8080